scholarly journals Nephroprotective Effect of Ursolic Acid in a Murine Model of Gentamicin-Induced Renal Damage

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Preethi G. Pai ◽  
Savindika Chamari Nawarathna ◽  
Avdhooth Kulkarni ◽  
Umma Habeeba ◽  
Sudarshan Reddy C. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Ursolic Acid ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Urea Nitrogen

The present study evaluates the nephroprotective effects of ursolic acid in a murine model of gentamicin induced renal damage. Wistar albino rats of either sex, weighing 150–200 g were divided into 5 groups; normal saline, gentamicin 80 mg/kg, intraperitoneally for 8 days, ursolic acid at 2, 5, and 10 mg/kg, per oral for 8 days, ursolic acid administered 3 days prior and concurrently with gentamicin for 5 days. Blood urea, serum creatinine, uric acid and blood urea nitrogen analyses and microscopic examination of kidney were performed. Gentamicin treatment caused nephrotoxicity as evidenced by marked elevation in serum urea, serum uric acid, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (162.33 ± 9.92 mg/dL, 3.13 ± 0.12 mg/dL, 6.85 ± 0.35 mg/dL and 75.86 ± 4.64 mg/dL; resp.) when compared to the saline treated groups. Co-administration of ursolic acid with gentamicin decreased the rise in these parameters in a dose dependent manner. Histopathological analysis revealed epithelial loss with intense granular degeneration in gentamicin treated rats, whereas ursolic acid mitigated the severity of gentamicin-induced renal damage. To conclude, our data suggest that ursolic acid exhibits renoprotective effect in gentamicin induced renal damage and further studies on its mechanis of action are warranted.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Renoprotective Effects of Ethanolic Extract of Morinda citrifolia L. in a Murine Model of Gentamicin-induced Nephrotoxicity

2013 ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Preethi G Pai ◽  
Ahsan Shoeb ◽  
P Gokul ◽  
Srinivas Teerthanath
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Urea Nitrogen

AIM: The present study was undertaken to evaluate noni fruit juice for its protective effects on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. METHODS:Wistar albino rats of either sex, weighing 150-200g were divided into 4 groups; normal saline, gentamicin 80 mg/kg, i.p.,i for 8 days, noni fruit juice 5 and 10 mg/kg, p.o., for 8 days, noni fruit juice 3 days prior and concurrently with gentamicin for 5 days. Blood urea, serum creatinine, serum uric acid and blood urea nitrogen analyses and microscopic examination of kidney were performed after the treatment. RESULTS: Gentamicin treatment caused nephrotoxicity as evidenced by marked elevation in blood urea and serum creatinine. Serum urea, serum uric acid, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen were increased with gentamicin compared to saline-treated animals (162.33 ± 9.92mg/dl, 3.13 ± 0.12 mg/dl, 6.85 ± 0.35 mg/dl and 75.86 ± 4.64 mg/dl respectively).Co-administration of noni fruit juice with gentamicin decreased the rise in in these parameters in a dose dependent manner. Study of renal morphology by light microscope showed epithelial loss with intense granular degeneration involving >50% renal cortex in gentamicin treated rats, whereas in noni fruit juice plus gentamicin treated rat revealed insignificant changes in tubular epithelium. CONCLUSION: To conclude, our data suggest that supplementation of noni fruit juice may be useful in reducing gentamicin nephrotoxicity in rats.

Renal-protective Activity of Dried Gel of Aloe barbadensis (Elwa) on Gentamicin- Induced Nephrotoxicity in Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 06 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aslam M. ◽  
Shabana Rahman ◽  
Kalim Javed ◽  
Fahamiya Nazeem ◽  
Shiffa Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Aloe Barbadensis ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Group I

Introduction:: Elwa (Aloe barbadensis / Aloe vera) also known as Sibr in Unani medicine which is dried juice obtained by the inspissations and used to treat many diseases, especially digestive disorders, arthritis, gastric ulcer, jaundice, amenorrhoea, kidney diseases, diseases of spleen and liver, constipation, nervine disorders, wounds, burns, scalds and other skin diseases. Methods:: The aim of this study was to evaluate the nephroprotective activity of Aloe barbadensis gel (ABG) on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Wistar rats were divided into four groups of six animals in each. Group I (control); group II, III and IV were administered gentamicin 100 mg/kg/d subcutaneously from day four to eight. The lower (350 mg/kg) and higher doses (1260 mg/kg) of crude ABG were co-administrated orally in group III and group IV from day 1. On 9th day animals were sacrificed and serum was studied for blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine and kidneys were prepared for histo-pathological analysis. Gentamicin alone treated group showed increased levels of blood urea nitrogen (118.76  0.90) and creatinine (3.42  0.13) were significantly inhibited in groups pretreated with lower [blood urea nitrogen (40.130.56); creatinine (1.640.13)] and higher [blood urea nitrogen (55.79  0.71); creatinine (2.50  0.06)] doses of crude Aloe barbadensis gel. Results:: The histopathological analysis also showed the protective nature of Aloe barbadensis gel in gentamicin-induced renal damage. Discussion:: In conclusion, the biochemical parameters and histopathological results confirmed nephroprotective effect of the crude Aloe barbadensis gel against gentamicin induced renal damage.

scholarly journals The Effect of Alopurinol on Blood Urea Nitrogen and Creatinine Serum Levels in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Miftakhul Huda ◽  
Pulong Wijang Pralampita ◽  
Dini Agustina ◽  
Cholis Abrori ◽  
Septa Surya Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a structural and function disorder of renal for > 3 months with implications for individual health. CKD has become a health problem throughout the world and its implementation provides a considerable economic burden on the health system. The decreasing value of GFR (glomerular filtration rate) in CKD can cause uric acid retention so that serum uric acid levels increase (hyperuricemia). Hyperuricemia can occur due to an increase in urinary metabolism (overproduction), a decrease in uric acid expenditure (underexcretion), or a combination of both. The group of antihyperuricemic drugs that have good effectiveness and long-term safety is xanthine oxidase inhibitors. The commonly used xanthine oxidase inhibitor drug is allopurinol. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was an effect of allopurinol on kidney function in CKD patients. The results of this study are expected to provide input in the treatment of hyperuricemia in CKD patients and reduce the progression of CKD. This study used a retrospective observational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. The study population was CKD patients from January 2018 to January 2019 at Bina Sehat Hospital Jember. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling. This study uses secondary data obtained from medical records of CKD patients at Bina Sehat Hospital Jember. Secondary data obtained in the form of identity data and the results of laboratory tests of patients. The medical record data that has been obtained is distributed and analyzed using a paired T-test to compare the mean or mean differences of the two groups in pairs. The bivariate test results for blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels in CKD patients were obtained p <0.001. Based on these results there is a significant relationship between blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels before and after consuming allopurinol. The conclusion was that allopurinol was shown to be able to provide an effect on the kidney function of CKD patients based on blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels. Keywords: Chronic kidney disease, hyperuricemia, allopurinol

scholarly journals NEPHROPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF BRIHATHYADI KASHAYAM IN ALBINO RATS

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Binu.M.B ◽  
Chaitra.L.V ◽  
Guruprasad.K.V ◽  
Jeevesh.K.B
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Double Dose ◽  
Nephroprotective Activity ◽  
Nephroprotective Effect

Brihathyadi kashayam mentioned in Yogarathnakara in the treatment of Mootrkrichra consists of combination of five simple drugs which are Brihathi, Prishnaparni, Kutaja, Paata, and Yasthimadhu. That is found to be more effective and safe in the treatment of Mutravahasrotovikaras. Aim and Objectives: Evaluation of Analytical study and the nephroprotective effect of Brihathyadi kashayam. Objectives: To prepare Brihathyadi kashayam according to classical reference, Experimental evaluation of Brihathyadi kashayam for its nephroprotective activity. Materials and Methods: Brihathyadi kashayam lower dose and higher dose were used in the study of nephroprotective activity in albino rats. The nephroprotective activity of Brihathyadi kashayam were evaluated against Rifampicin induced renal damage in albino rats. The results were analyzed by statistical methods. Results: In the experimental study the result was showed as the Brihathyadi Kashayam double dose was found effective in nephroprotective action, i.e., in reversing the degenerative changes caused in the nephrons by Rifampicin and lowering the serum creatinine, uric acid and urea levels comparing with the Brihathyadi Kashayam single dose and disease controlled group. Conclusion: This experimental study of Brihathyadi kashayam double dose showed the nephroprotective activity against the Rifampicin induced renal damage.

scholarly journals Assessment of Nephrotoxicity and Histopathological Lesions of Albino Rats Exposure to DD-Force and Baygon Insecticides.

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1251-1258
Author(s):  
Victor Nwankwo ◽  
Anayo Uraku ◽  
Ademola Famurewa ◽  
Oluchi Uraku
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Exposure Duration ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Carbamate Insecticides ◽  
Histopathological Lesions

Although studies suggest adverse effects of pesticides, human exposure to insecticides in homes is increasing and reports on their health effects are limited. The study investigated nephrotoxic effects of organo phosphate and carbamate insecticides, DD-Force and Baygon, in albino rats. Forty-five albino rats divided into groups were exposed to DD-Force (dichlorvos) or Baygon (propoxur) indoor insecticidein wooden boxes in separate exposure duration of 1, 2, 3 and 4 hours/day for 14 consecutive days. Serum and kidney tissue obtained after sacrifice were used to determine markers of renal damage and histopathological analysis, respectively. Exposure of rats to the insecticides showed duration-dependent significant increases (p<0.05) in serum levels of urea, uric acid and creatinine compared to control. However, rats exposed to DD-Force insecticide induced significantly higher levels of urea, uric acid and creatinine compared to Baygon (p<0.05). Histopathological lesions were observed in rats exposed to the insecticides, particularly in the exposure duration of 3 or 4 hours/day. These findings suggest that acute exposure to DD-Force and Baygonis nephrotoxic and may induce renal damage in rats.

scholarly journals Improvement of renal profile in Gentamicin-induced Nephrotoxicity in albino wistar rats by edible macrofungi Dacryopinax spathularia and Schizophyllum commune

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 436-439
Author(s):  
Amar Kumar ◽  
Manoj Kumar ◽  
Sukumar Dandapat ◽  
Rakesh Ranjan ◽  
M. P. Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Schizophyllum Commune ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Urea Nitrogen

he present work has been taken to assess the pharmacological efficacy of two edible macrofungi Dacryopinax spathularia and Schizophyllum commune in the improvement of renal profile of Gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in albino wistar rats. The intra-peritoneal administration of gentamicin 80 mg/Kg Body Weight per day had resulted in alterations in renal function and renal damage which was reflected by abnormal and significant (p=0.05) increase in renal function parameters of blood like Urea, Creatinine, Uric Acid and Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN). On administration of high dose (500 mg/Kg BW) of D. Spathularia extract to the nephrotoxic group of rats the concentration of urea, creatinine, uric acid and BUN significantly decreased from 104.26±7.45 to 76.27±7.24, 1.17±0.43 to 0.68±0.47, 3.68±1.34 to 2.58±0.56 and 48.72±4.36 to 31.14±3.76 respectively, in comparison to the nephrotoxic group of rats. On the other hand, the administration of high dose (500 mg/Kg BW) of S. commune extract to the nephrotoxic group of rats resulted into significant (p=0.05) decrease in the concentration of urea, creatinine, uric acid and BUN, from 104.26±7.45 to 51.42±6.15, 1.17±0.43 to 0.62±0.14, 3.68±1.34 to 2.36±0.74 and 48.72±4.36 to 28.65±3.85 respectively, in comparison to the nephrotoxic group of rats. The results also revealed that S. commune extract showed comparatively more efficacy in the renal profile improvement of nephrotoxic rats in comparison to the D. spathularia extract.

Antidiabetic and renoprotective effect of Anogeissus acuminata leaf extract on experimentally induced diabetic nephropathy

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Archana M. Navale ◽  
Archana Paranjape
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Urinary Volume ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Protein Excretion

Abstract Background Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and inflammation are some of the mechanisms involved in renal damage. Anogeissus acuminata (AA) is used in India as an antidiabetic agent and has potent antioxidant activity. However, it has never been evaluated for its effect on diabetic nephropathy. Hence, in the present study we aimed to evaluate its effect on streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus and its renal complications. Methods Diabetes mellitus was induced by injecting streptozotocin, 50 mg/kg, i.p. in rats fasted for 6 h. Rats with hyperglycemia were treated with extracts of AA for 8 weeks at doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg, orally. Human NPH insulin (4 IU/kg, s.c.) was used as standard treatment. Plasma glucose levels (at weeks 1, 2, 4, and 8) and oxidative stress parameters (at weeks 2 and 4) were assessed. Effect on diabetic nephropathy was evaluated by recording the urinary volume, urinary protein excretion, kidney weights, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen levels at week 8. Results Methanolic extract of AA leaves produced statistically significant (p<0.05) hypoglycemic and antioxidant effect. It also resulted in improved urinary function, reflected by better urinary volume and reduced protein excretion in urine. AA treatment could prevent the elevation of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen level in a dose-dependent manner. Kidney hypertrophy could be attenuated remarkably, as reflected by the significantly lower kidney weight (KW) per 100 g body weight (p<0.05). Conclusions AA leaf extract attenuated the development of diabetic nephropathy and also demonstrated antidiabetic and antioxidant action.

scholarly journals A Brief Study of Nephrotoxicity and Nephroprotective Agents

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
pp. 09-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamna . ◽  
Jasteena Jose ◽  
Shijikumar . ◽  
Riyaz Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Test Evaluation ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Renal Tubular Cells ◽  
Sensitivity And Selectivity ◽  
Renal Tubular

A kidney is particularly prone to the action of nephrotoxins because it receives 25% of the cardiac output. The presence of the metabolic processes in the renal tubular cells, nephrotoxins can release toxic components and induce damage. Nephrotoxicity can be diagnosed through a simple blood test. Evaluation of nephrotoxicity through blood tests includes the measurements of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), the concentration of serum creatinine, glomerular filtration rate and creatinine clearance. The majority of cases of renal disease remain unnoticed unless they progress to advance stages when conventional therapeutic interventions are usually not sufficient to cure them completely. In this review, the study attempted to identify biomarkers that are more sensitive than the established markers and that are more indicative of pre-renal damage. Research is also focused on identifying biomarkers that can indicate the nature of the mechanisms involved. Nephrotoxicity assays such as measurement of the concentration of serum creatinine or blood urea nitrogen (BUN) do not have the sensitivity and selectivity required to determine nephrotoxicity in an early stage. Recently identified biomarkers described in this review may provide useful information to diagnose nephrotoxicity earlier and more selectively.

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