scholarly journals Assessment of Nephrotoxicity and Histopathological Lesions of Albino Rats Exposure to DD-Force and Baygon Insecticides.

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1251-1258
Author(s):  
Victor Nwankwo ◽  
Anayo Uraku ◽  
Ademola Famurewa ◽  
Oluchi Uraku
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Exposure Duration ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Carbamate Insecticides ◽  
Histopathological Lesions

Although studies suggest adverse effects of pesticides, human exposure to insecticides in homes is increasing and reports on their health effects are limited. The study investigated nephrotoxic effects of organo phosphate and carbamate insecticides, DD-Force and Baygon, in albino rats. Forty-five albino rats divided into groups were exposed to DD-Force (dichlorvos) or Baygon (propoxur) indoor insecticidein wooden boxes in separate exposure duration of 1, 2, 3 and 4 hours/day for 14 consecutive days. Serum and kidney tissue obtained after sacrifice were used to determine markers of renal damage and histopathological analysis, respectively. Exposure of rats to the insecticides showed duration-dependent significant increases (p<0.05) in serum levels of urea, uric acid and creatinine compared to control. However, rats exposed to DD-Force insecticide induced significantly higher levels of urea, uric acid and creatinine compared to Baygon (p<0.05). Histopathological lesions were observed in rats exposed to the insecticides, particularly in the exposure duration of 3 or 4 hours/day. These findings suggest that acute exposure to DD-Force and Baygonis nephrotoxic and may induce renal damage in rats.

scholarly journals Nephroprotective Effect of Ursolic Acid in a Murine Model of Gentamicin-Induced Renal Damage

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Preethi G. Pai ◽  
Savindika Chamari Nawarathna ◽  
Avdhooth Kulkarni ◽  
Umma Habeeba ◽  
Sudarshan Reddy C. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Ursolic Acid ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Urea Nitrogen

The present study evaluates the nephroprotective effects of ursolic acid in a murine model of gentamicin induced renal damage. Wistar albino rats of either sex, weighing 150–200 g were divided into 5 groups; normal saline, gentamicin 80 mg/kg, intraperitoneally for 8 days, ursolic acid at 2, 5, and 10 mg/kg, per oral for 8 days, ursolic acid administered 3 days prior and concurrently with gentamicin for 5 days. Blood urea, serum creatinine, uric acid and blood urea nitrogen analyses and microscopic examination of kidney were performed. Gentamicin treatment caused nephrotoxicity as evidenced by marked elevation in serum urea, serum uric acid, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (162.33 ± 9.92 mg/dL, 3.13 ± 0.12 mg/dL, 6.85 ± 0.35 mg/dL and 75.86 ± 4.64 mg/dL; resp.) when compared to the saline treated groups. Co-administration of ursolic acid with gentamicin decreased the rise in these parameters in a dose dependent manner. Histopathological analysis revealed epithelial loss with intense granular degeneration in gentamicin treated rats, whereas ursolic acid mitigated the severity of gentamicin-induced renal damage. To conclude, our data suggest that ursolic acid exhibits renoprotective effect in gentamicin induced renal damage and further studies on its mechanis of action are warranted.

scholarly journals Effect of Trigonella Foenum against Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic Acid induced Nephrotoxicity in Male Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-43
Author(s):  
A I Barakat ◽  
EH Radwan
Keyword(s):  
Creatinine Clearance ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers

Background Nephrotoxicity is a complication due to the effect of some toxic chemicals on kidney. Current study planned to screen the effect of Trigonella foenumaqueous seeds extracts on EDTA induced nephrotoxicity. Trigonella foenum known for its various medicinal properties is also a natural antioxidant and a free radical scavenger with no documented evidence as a nephron-protective agent. Objective To investigate the protective effects of aqueous seed extracts of Trigonella foenum. Material and Methods The present study was used 40 male albino rats (Rattus albinus) with weight of (150 ± 10) g with divided into four groups: control gp; EDTA gp (95 mg/kg); Trigonella foenum gp (500 mg/kg) and EDTA + Trigonella f oenum gp by gastric tube daily for 4 weeks. Blood urea, creatinine, GFR, creatinine clearance, MDA and GPx analyses and microscopic examination of kidney were performed. Results In the present study, Blood samples were taken from all groups and concentration of serum urea, creatinine, GFR, Creatinine clearance, MDA and GPx were determined. Histopathological observations were observed in kidney tissue. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). EDTA induced an increase in urea and creatinine as well as there was a decrease in the concentration of GFR and creatinine clearance. The level of MDA was increase while the concentration of GPx was decrease in the serum of EDTA group. The aqueous extracts of Trigonella seeds significantly prevented renal damage by normalizing increased levels of renal markers. The correction of oxidative stress biomarkers was consistent with amelioration of the histopathological changes induced by EDTA. Hence, it is suggested that ameliorative effect of aqueous extract of Trigonella foenumagainst EDTA induced nephrotoxicity. Conclusion The present data suggest that aqueous extract of Trigonella foenum exhibits reno-protective effect in EDTA induced renal damage.

Comparative Nephrotoxicity and Hepatotoxicity Effects of Kerosene, Gasoline, Liquefied Petroleum Gas and Biomass Fuel Exposure on Male Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Ude Tochukwu ◽  
Meludu Samuel Chukwuemeka ◽  
Dioka Chudi Emmanuel ◽  
Chikezie Onyebuchi Desmond ◽  
Awalu Chimezie Joseph ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Biomass Fuel ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

The effects of Kerosene, gasoline, and liquefied petroleum gas and biomass fuel exposure on biomarkers of kidney and liver were investigated in male wistar rats. Fifty adult male wistar rats were randomly assigned to five groups of ten animals each. Rats in group A served as control (exposed to fresh air). Group B, C, D and E were exposed to inhalation of kerosene, gasoline, liquefied petroleum gas and biomass fuel (wood smoke) respectively. All the exposures were done using whole body exposure chambers 70 cm x 60 cm x 60 cm measurement for six weeks, 6 days per week. Five millilitres of blood sample were collected and serum extracted at the end of six weeks. The serum concentration of urea, creatinine, uric acid and activities AST, ALT, γGT were determined using Cobas reagent kits manufactured by Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Sandhofer Strasse 116, D-68305 Mannheim, Germany. Values were analysed statistically using SPSS version 23.0.  The result shows significant increase in the serum  levels of urea, creatinine and uric acid of test groups relative to control (p<0.05), though the effect appear to be more pronounced with exposure to kerosene, gasoline and biomass fuel. The exposure also led to significant increase in activities of AST, ALT and γGT (p<0.05). These results suggest that repeated exposure to kerosene, gasoline and liquefied petroleum gas and biomass fumes may elicit hepatic and renal toxicity, thereby impairing the normal liver and kidney function.

scholarly journals Ameliorative Effect of Trevo Dietary Supplement Against Lead Acetate Nephrotoxicity

2022 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-42
Author(s):  
Omotayo B. Ilesanmi ◽  
◽  
Eni-yimini Solomon Agoro ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Lead Toxicity ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Background: Trevo is a nutritional supplement with numerous bioactive natural products, with detoxifying and antioxidant properties. The purpose of this study was to investigate the ability of Trévo to protect against oxidative stress induced by lead in the kidneys of male Wistar rats. Methods: Thirty-five healthy male Wistar rats were divided into five groups of seven rats each, using a randomized design. I=control; II=15 mg/kg of lead acetate (PbA); III=2 ml/kg of trevo+PbA; IV=5 ml/kg of trevo+PbA; V=5 ml/kg of trevo. Animals were treated with trevo for five days before co-administration with lead intraperitoneally for 10 consecutive days. Animals were sacrificed 24hr after the last administration, blood samples were collected via cardiac puncture, and processed for assessment of urea, creatinine, and uric acid (UA), while the kidney samples were excised and processed for the following biochemical assays: Malondialdehyde (MDA), Glutathione-S-Transferase (GST), Catalase (CAT), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), and Reduced Glutathione (GSH). Results: Injection of PbA caused a significant increase in the serum levels of urea, creatinine, and uric acid, and a significant increase (P<0.001) in the MDA concentration, and decreases in GSH concentration, CAT, SOD, and GST activities (P<0.05) as compared to the controls. Pretreatment with trevo prevented the oxidative stress induced by lead acetate in the kidney tissue samples and improve the renal function. The protective effect was evident at 5 ml/kg of trevo. Conclusion: The results showed that trevo was nephroprotective against lead toxicity and the activity might be linked to the presence of numerous antioxidant phytochemicals present in trevo.

scholarly journals Comparative assessment on the probable mechanisms underlying the hepatorenal toxicity of commercial imidacloprid and hexaflumuron formulations in rats

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman I. Hassanen ◽  
Ahmed M. Hussien ◽  
Sally Mehanna ◽  
Marwa A. Ibrahim ◽  
Neven H. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Apoptosis Pathway ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Tissue Specimens

Abstract Pesticides are viewed as a major wellspring of ecological contamination and causing serious risky consequences for people and animals. Imidacloprid (IM) and hexaflumuron (HFM) are extensively utilized insect poisons for crop assurance on the planet. A few investigations examined IM harmfulness in rodents, but its exact mechanism hasn’t been mentioned previously as well as the toxicity of HFM doesn’t elucidate yet. For this reason, the present study was designed to explore the mechanism of each IM and HFM–evoked rat liver and kidney toxicity and to understand its molecular mechanism. 21 male Wistar albino rats were divided into 3 groups, as follows: group (1), normal saline; group (2), IM; and group (3), HFM. Both insecticides were orally administered every day for 28 days at a dose equal to 1/10 LD50 from the active ingredient. After 28 days postdosing, rats were anesthetized to collect blood samples then euthanized to collect liver and kidney tissue specimens. The results showed marked changes in walking, body tension, alertness, and head movement with a significant reduction in rats’ body weight in both IM and HFM receiving groups. Significant increases in MDA levels and decrease of GHS levels were recorded in liver and kidney homogenates of either IM or HFM groups. Liver and kidney tissues obtained from both pesticide receiving groups showed extensive histopathological alterations with a significant increase in the serum levels of ALT, AST, urea, and creatinine and a decrease in total proteins, albumin, and globulin levels. In addition, there was upregulation of the transcript levels of casp-3, JNK, and HO-1 genes with strong immunopositivity of casp-3, TNF-ὰ, and NF-KB protein expressions in the liver and kidneys of rats receiving either IM or HFM compared with the control group. In all studied parameters, HFM caused hepatorenal toxicity more than those induced by IM. We can conclude that each IM and HFM provoked liver and kidneys damage through overproduction of ROS, activation of NF-KB signaling pathways and mitochondrial/JNK-dependent apoptosis pathway.

Renal-protective Activity of Dried Gel of Aloe barbadensis (Elwa) on Gentamicin- Induced Nephrotoxicity in Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 06 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aslam M. ◽  
Shabana Rahman ◽  
Kalim Javed ◽  
Fahamiya Nazeem ◽  
Shiffa Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Aloe Barbadensis ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Group I

Introduction:: Elwa (Aloe barbadensis / Aloe vera) also known as Sibr in Unani medicine which is dried juice obtained by the inspissations and used to treat many diseases, especially digestive disorders, arthritis, gastric ulcer, jaundice, amenorrhoea, kidney diseases, diseases of spleen and liver, constipation, nervine disorders, wounds, burns, scalds and other skin diseases. Methods:: The aim of this study was to evaluate the nephroprotective activity of Aloe barbadensis gel (ABG) on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Wistar rats were divided into four groups of six animals in each. Group I (control); group II, III and IV were administered gentamicin 100 mg/kg/d subcutaneously from day four to eight. The lower (350 mg/kg) and higher doses (1260 mg/kg) of crude ABG were co-administrated orally in group III and group IV from day 1. On 9th day animals were sacrificed and serum was studied for blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine and kidneys were prepared for histo-pathological analysis. Gentamicin alone treated group showed increased levels of blood urea nitrogen (118.76  0.90) and creatinine (3.42  0.13) were significantly inhibited in groups pretreated with lower [blood urea nitrogen (40.130.56); creatinine (1.640.13)] and higher [blood urea nitrogen (55.79  0.71); creatinine (2.50  0.06)] doses of crude Aloe barbadensis gel. Results:: The histopathological analysis also showed the protective nature of Aloe barbadensis gel in gentamicin-induced renal damage. Discussion:: In conclusion, the biochemical parameters and histopathological results confirmed nephroprotective effect of the crude Aloe barbadensis gel against gentamicin induced renal damage.

scholarly journals NEPHROPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF BRIHATHYADI KASHAYAM IN ALBINO RATS

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Binu.M.B ◽  
Chaitra.L.V ◽  
Guruprasad.K.V ◽  
Jeevesh.K.B
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Double Dose ◽  
Nephroprotective Activity ◽  
Nephroprotective Effect

Brihathyadi kashayam mentioned in Yogarathnakara in the treatment of Mootrkrichra consists of combination of five simple drugs which are Brihathi, Prishnaparni, Kutaja, Paata, and Yasthimadhu. That is found to be more effective and safe in the treatment of Mutravahasrotovikaras. Aim and Objectives: Evaluation of Analytical study and the nephroprotective effect of Brihathyadi kashayam. Objectives: To prepare Brihathyadi kashayam according to classical reference, Experimental evaluation of Brihathyadi kashayam for its nephroprotective activity. Materials and Methods: Brihathyadi kashayam lower dose and higher dose were used in the study of nephroprotective activity in albino rats. The nephroprotective activity of Brihathyadi kashayam were evaluated against Rifampicin induced renal damage in albino rats. The results were analyzed by statistical methods. Results: In the experimental study the result was showed as the Brihathyadi Kashayam double dose was found effective in nephroprotective action, i.e., in reversing the degenerative changes caused in the nephrons by Rifampicin and lowering the serum creatinine, uric acid and urea levels comparing with the Brihathyadi Kashayam single dose and disease controlled group. Conclusion: This experimental study of Brihathyadi kashayam double dose showed the nephroprotective activity against the Rifampicin induced renal damage.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Rosa canina Fruit on Vancomycin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Hossein Sadeghi ◽  
Ehsan Karimizadeh ◽  
Heibatollah Sadeghi ◽  
Esmaeel Panahi kokhdan ◽  
Mahboubeh Mansourian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Rosa Canina ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Group I

Vancomycin-induced nephrotoxicity (VIN) has been reported to occur in 5–35% of recipient patients. The aims of the study were to evaluate protective effects of Rosa canina (RC) on VIN in rats. Rats were randomly divided into five groups as follows: control group I, group II (received VAN 400 mg/kg/day, every 12 h at doses of 200 mg/kg/day, for 7 consecutive days), group III (VAN + RC 250 mg/kg/day, for 7 consecutive days), group IV (VAN + RC 500 mg/kg/day, for consecutive days), and group V (received RC 500 mg/kg/day, for consecutive 7 days). On the eighth day after anesthetizing the animals, blood samples were taken from the heart, and then, the kidneys were removed to investigate kidney function, oxidative stress, and histopathological marker. Also, the chemical composition of RC extract was identified by GC-MS analysis. Oral dose of 500 mg/kg RC extract significantly reduced the serum levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr), malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide (NO) and also the kidney tissue MDA, protein carbonyl, and NO metabolites (nitrite) levels compared to the VAN-treated group ( P < 0.05 ). Based on histopathological analysis, RC extract at the dose of 500 mg/kg inhibited the destructive effects of VAN on kidney tissues. GC-MS analysis indicated that the main compositions were found to be lactose (21.96%), 3-t-butyloxaziridine (20.91%), and 5-oxymethylfurfurole (16.75%). The results indicated that oral administration of RC was able to reduce VAN-induced nephrotoxicity in rats, possibly through antioxidant pathways.

scholarly journals Hematological and renoprotective effects of folic acid and lentil extract in diclofenac sodium exposed rats

2023 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omnia N. Abdel-Rahman ◽  
Enas S. Abdel-Baky
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Hematological Markers

Abstract Excessive intake of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as, diclofenac sodium (DS) may lead to toxicity in the rats. In this work, we aimed to examine the protective impact of lentil extract (LE) and folic acid (FA) on the hematological markers, the kidney tissue oxidative stress and the renal function against diclofenac sodium (DS) in male albino rats. The rats (120-150 g) were divided into four equal groups randomly, the first group kept as the untreated control. The second group was administrated with DS (11.6 mg/kg b.wt. orally once/day). The third group was received DS+FA (11.6 mg/kg b.wt.+76.9 microgram/kg b.wt.) orally once/day. The fourth group was treated with DS+LE (11.6 mg/kg b.wt.+500 mg/kg b.wt.) orally once/day. After four weeks, the results revealed that DS produced a significant decrease in the values of red blood cells (RBCs), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), hematocrit (HCT) and white blood cells (WBCs). On the other hand, there was a significant increase in the platelets count. Also, DS induced a renal deterioration; this was evidenced by the significant increase in the serum levels of urea, creatinine, uric acid, Na, Ca, Mg as well as the nitric oxide (NO) level in the kidney tissue. Also, there were a significant reduction in the serum levels of potassium (K) and reduced glutathione (GSH) in the kidney homogenates. Moreover, the findings in the rats treated by DS+LE or DS+FA showed a potential protection on the hematological markers, oxidative stress in the kidney tissue and the renal function disturbed by DS. LE and FA could play a potent role for the prevention the adverse hematological, the kidney tissue oxidative stress and the renal dysfunction caused by DS via their anti-oxidative and bioactive phytochemicals.

Effect of Some Strains of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated From Some Fermented Dairy Products on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Nephrotoxicity of Albino Rats.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maha Bikheet ◽  
Magda Mahmoud ◽  
Eman Yassien ◽  
Hanaa Mohamed Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Lactobacillus Paracasei ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Fermented Dairy

Abstract The current research was performed to evaluate the potential protective effect of Lactobacillus paracasei ssp paracasei, Pediococcus acidi-lactis and Lactoccus lactis ssp lactis, Sylimarin in the alleviation of health (hepatic and renal) complications caused by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats. Healthy sixty albino rats were divided into six groups, the first group was control (negative), the second group (control positive) was injected CCl4 (1 ml/kg, 1:1 v/v paraffin oil mixture, i.p. every third day for 8 weeks, The third group (CCl4 + silymarin group) receiving both CCl4 and daily silymarin therapy (50 mg/kg, oral), the fourth group: CCl4+ (Lactobacillus paracasei 1ml orally). The fifth group (CCl4+ Pediococcus acidilactis 1ml orally) and the six group (CCl4+ Lactococcus lactis (1ml orally) for eight weeks per day. Biochemical markers were tested for blood, liver and kidney tissue. Histopathological tests on liver and kidney tissues were performed. The findings obtained have shown that Lactobacillus paracasei ssp paracasei, Pediococcus acidilactis and Lactoccus lactis ssp lactis improved the disrupted biochemical parameters caused by CCl4 therapy. Besides, the findings of the histopathological analysis are in consistent with biochemical parameters and the protective ability of lactic acid bacteria suggesting that the best lactic acid bacteria was Pediococcus acidilactis that helped strengthen liver fibrosis caused by CCl4 therapy, while the best bacterium for improving renal damage was Lactoccus lactis.

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