scholarly journals Modulating Effect of Ascorbic Acid on Transport-Induced Immunosuppression in Goats

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ndazo Salka Minka ◽  
Joseph Olusegun Ayo
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
High Ambient Temperature ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sterile Water ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Hot Dry Season ◽  
Transportation Stress ◽  
Group 1

The effect of 12 h road transportation on some basic blood cells and the modulating role of ascorbic acid were investigated in 40 adult Red Sokoto goats during the hot dry season. The animals were divided into two groups, GI (experimental; ) and GII (control; ). Group 1 was administered with ascorbic acid (AA) per os at a dosage rate of 100 mg/kg body weight, while GII was given 10 mL of sterile water per goat. Forty minutes after the administration and loading, the goats were transported for 12 h. The result obtained in GII goats showed that loading, transportation, high ambient temperature (AT), and relative humidity (RH) encountered during transportation induced lymphopenia, neutrophilia, and eosinopenia, which can cause immunosuppression. In GI goats, the administration of AA prior to loading and transportation ameliorated the adverse effects of loading and transportation stress on neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and eosinopenia of the goats.

scholarly journals Modulatory effect of ascorbic acid on physiological responses of transported ostrich chicks

2012 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Minka N. Salka ◽  
Ayo J. Olusegun
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sterile Water ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Hot Dry Season ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
And Control ◽  
First Time

The aims of this study were to determine the modulating role of ascorbic acid (AA) on rectal temperature (RT), heterophil to lymphocyte (H to L) ratio and aberrant behaviours of ostrich chicks transported by road for 4 h during hot-dry conditions. Twenty ostrich chicks aged 2.5 months, of both sexes and belonging to the Red Neck breed, served as subjects of the study. The chicks were assigned randomly to AA-treated and control groups, consisting of 10 chicks each. The AA-treated group was administered orally with 100 mg/kg body weight of AA dissolved in 5 mL of sterile water 30 min before transportation, whilst the control group was given the equivalent of sterile water only. The thermal load (TL) experienced in the vehicle during transportation fluctuated between 31 °C and 89 °C, as calculated from the ambient temperature and relative humidity. Transportation induced hyperthermia, lymphopenia, heterophilia and aberrant behaviours of pecking, wing fluffing and panting, which were ameliorated by AA administration. The relationships between the TL, journey duration and physiological variables of RT, H to L ratio and aberrant behaviours recorded during transportation were significantly and positively correlated in the control group. In AA-treated group the relationships were not significantly correlated. In conclusion, the results showed for the first time that AA ameliorated the adverse effects of stress caused by road transportation on the aberrant behaviours, RT and H to L ratio of ostrich chicks during the hot-dry season.

scholarly journals Modulating Role of Vitamins C and E against Transport-Induced Stress in Pullets during the Hot-Dry Conditions

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. S. Minka ◽  
J. O. Ayo
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
Induced Stress ◽  
Hot Dry Season ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Transportation Stress

The modulating effects of ascorbic acid (AA), vitamin E (E), and a combination of AA and E () against eight-hour road transportation stress were investigated in 120 pullets during the hot-dry season. The result obtained showed that handling, loading and transportation induced lymphopenia, neutrophilia, liveweight loss, and mortality, which was alleviated by oral administration of AA, E, and at doses of 60 mg, 30 mg, and  mg per kg bodyweight, respectively, 30 minutes before being loaded and transported. The meteorological conditions recorded during the study period were higher () than the thermoneutral values established for chickens in the zone. In conclusion, the administration of vitamins AA, E, and , especially AA, ameliorated the risk of adverse effects of handling, loading, transportation, and thermal stress in pullets during the hot-dry season.

scholarly journals Novel predictor of the occurrence of DKA in T1DM patients without infection: A combination of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and white blood cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1365-1376
Author(s):  
Yiping Cheng ◽  
Wenhao Yu ◽  
Yuping Zhou ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Haiyan Chi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio

Abstract The role of inflammation has been identified in the pathogenesis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and white blood cells (WBC) can be used to predict a systemic inflammatory response. Changes in NLR and WBC levels have never been explored in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients with DKA and an uninfected state. This retrospective study included a total of 644 participants. NLR and WBC were measured in the control group (n = 316) and in T1DM patients with mild-DKA (n = 92), severe-DKA (n = 52), and non-DKA (n = 184) in an uninfected state. Then, we assessed the independent predictors of DKA occurrence in T1DM patients in an uninfected state. The diagnostic performance of variables was determined by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Serum NLR of T1DM patients is significantly higher than that of normal controls, and if DKA occurs, NLR increases further and increases with the severity of DKA. In addition to diastolic blood pressure, blood urea nitrogen, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and WBC, NLR was also independently associated with DKA in T1DM patients with an uninfected state (OR = 1.386, 95% CI: 1.127–1.705, p = 0.002). Furthermore, the diagnosis analysis showed that except for NLR and WBC, the area under the curve (AUC) of indicators with a statistical difference in patients with and without DKA were 0.747 for DKA diagnosis, and after the addition of NLR and WBC, the AUC was 0.806. The increased NLR level represents a low-cost and highly accessible predictor for DKA in T1DM patients with an uninfected state. The addition of inflammation indicators can play a statistically significant role in the prediction model of the DKA occurrence.

scholarly journals Ascorbic Acid a Universal Supplement that Mitigates Road Transportation Stress in Ruminants: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. T. Biobaku ◽  
A. O. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Meat Product ◽  
Withdrawal Period ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
Livestock Industry ◽  
Animal Physiology ◽  
Transportation Stress ◽  
The Tropics

This write up is aimed at proffering solution to the problem of transportation stress in ruminants in the tropics. Ascorbic acid is safe as buttressed in this write up for the improvement of meat quality in short and long terms road transportation stress.This review cover an aspect of animal physiology of stress, veterinary pharmacological aspects of ascorbic acid, how ascorbic acid improved meat product of animals exposed to long transportation stress. Ascorbic acid had no withdrawal period and was scientifically proven to be advantageous to meat characteristics and animal welfare. This was given credence to by its advantages as an anti-oxidative agent in solving the menace of road transportation to veterinarians, animal scientists and other professionals in the livestock industry.

scholarly journals Responses of serum electrolytes of goats to twelve hours of road transportation during the hot-dry season in Nigeria, and the effect of pretreatment with ascorbic acid

2009 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
J.O. Ayo ◽  
N.S. Minka ◽  
A.K.B. Sackey ◽  
A.B. Adelaiye
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Respiratory Alkalosis ◽  
Electrolyte Balance ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
Serum Electrolytes ◽  
Serum Chloride ◽  
Hot Dry Season ◽  
And Control ◽  
Muscular Damage ◽  
Experimental Group

Twenty goats which served as the experimental group were administered ascorbic acid (AA) per os at a dosage rate of 100 mg/kg body mass, while 20 others served as controls and were given 10 mt each of sterile water. Forty minutes after the administration and loading, the goats were transported for 12 h. Handling and loading of the experimental and control groups of goats decreased (P < 0.05) the potassium and sodium serum concentrations. The concentration of serum chloride, sodium and calcium increased significantly (P< 0.05) immediately post-transportation, while potassium and magnesium decreased (P < 0.05) in the control goats. In AA-treated goats sodium and magnesium concentrations decreased abruptly (P< 0.05), while calcium increased significantly (P< 0.05) after transportation. Handling, loading and transportation adversely affected the electrolyte balance of the goats which suggested respiratory alkalosis, dehydration and muscular damage in the transported goats, and the administration of AA alleviated the adverse effects of road transportation stress on serum electrolytes.

Impacts of feeding zinc-methionine or chromium-methionine on performance, antioxidant status and physiological responses to transportation stress on lambs

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 796
Author(s):  
Soheilla Kaki Soumar ◽  
Fardin Hozhabri ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Moeini ◽  
Zahra Nikousefat
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
Zinc Methionine ◽  
Transportation Stress ◽  
Chromium Methionine

Context Road transportation of farm animals is an unavoidable activity in animal husbandry, which may lead to the stress. Metabolic modifiers, such as minerals, may be an effective strategy to improve the performance and immune system of animals. Aims The present study examined the effects of chromium-methionine (Cr-Met) and zinc-methionine (Zn-Met) supplementation on animal performance and response to transportation stress. Methods Eighteen lambs (18–20 weeks of age) were randomly assigned to the following three dietary treatments for 10 weeks: (1) basal diet (control, 0.021 g/kg Zn and 0.0001 g/kg Cr); (2) basal diet with addition of 10 Cr-Met mg/kg DM (containing 1 mg/kg Cr); and (3) basal diet with addition of 500 Zn-Met mg/kg DM (containing 50 mg/kg Zn). After a 6-week supplementation period, the lambs were transported by road for 3 h. Key results Mineral supplements did not affect final bodyweight, average daily gain or feed conversion ratio. The blood cortisol and aspartate aminotransferase concentrations were increased (P &lt; 0.05) immediately after transportation (AT1) in all groups; however, they were lower in supplemented lambs than in the control (P &lt; 0.05). Animals fed Cr-Met or Zn-Met diets had a higher albumin concentration at AT1 than did the control group (P &lt; 0.05). Lambs on the Zn-Met diet showed a higher blood triiodothyronine and triiodothyronine to thyroxin ratio at AT1 and at 24 h after transportation (AT2) than did lambs receiving the control diet (P &lt; 0.05). Lambs fed the Cr-Met diet had a lower blood malondialdehyde at AT1 and AT2 than did the control lambs (P &lt; 0.05). Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was higher in the Zn-Met-supplemented group than in other groups (P &lt; 0.05). Supplementation with dietary Zn-Met increased serum TAC concentration in the kidney tissue compared with the control (P &lt; 0.05), but had no effect on superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities. The Cr-Met group showed also a lower malondialdehyde concentration (P &lt; 0.05) and higher TAC, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in the liver tissue (P &lt; 0.05). Conclusions Dietary supplementation with 10 mg Cr-Met/kg (1 mg Cr) in comparison to 500 mg Zn-Met/kg (50 mg Zn) improved the stress response of lambs subjected to a short-time road transportation, whereas growth performance was not affected. Implications The administration of Cr-Met or Zn-Met to diet of lambs before transportation could reduce the adverse effects of road transportation stress.

Abstract WP92: Neutrophil-lymphocyte Ratio in Cerebral Aneurysm

Stroke ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kee Ook Lee ◽  
Kyung-Yul Lee ◽  
Jae-Youn Kim ◽  
Cheol-Young Lee ◽  
Sang-Jun Na ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Aneurysm ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Wbc Count ◽  
And Control

Introduction: Blood neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a simple marker of subclinical inflammation that can be easily obtained. The NLR has recently emerged as a prognostic marker in patients with cancer and coronary artery disease. However, little is known about the role of NLR in patients with intracranial aneurysm (IA). Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical significance of NLR in patients with IA. Methods: The study group consisted of patients with IA who had been admitted to the neurology department from January 2008 to December 2014. A total of 362 patients including 176 patients with unruptured IA, 186 patient with ruptured IA were enrolled in this study. The control group consisted of 178 age, sex-matched healthy adults who had not harbor IA by CTA, MRA, DSA. The baseline NLR was calculated as the ratio of neutrophil count to lymphocyte count. WBC count>12.000 cells per μL or <4.000 cells per μL and high body temperature>38 ° are excluded from the study. Results: The Mean NLR was significantly higher among persons with cerebral aneurysm compared with controls (P < 0.001). The level of NLR in ruptured IA group were found higher compared to unruptured IA and control group (7.0 ± 6.6 vs 2.5 ± 1.5 vs 1.6 ± 0.5, P < 0.001). Other comorbid conditions were balanced between these three groups. Conclusions: Higher NLR is associated with cerebral aneurysm. Unlike many other inflammatory markers and bioassays, NLR are inexpensive and readily available biomarkers that may be useful for risk stratification in patients with cerebral aneurysm.

The effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on the viability of random skin flaps in rats

2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 151-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Eloin Liebano ◽  
Lydia Masako Ferreira ◽  
Miguel Sabino Neto
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Skin Flap ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Skin Flaps ◽  
Electrical Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Flap Viability ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The aim of this study was to determine the role of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in the viability of random skin flaps. In 30 Wistar-EPM rats, a random 10×4 cm skin flap was raised and a plastic barrier was interposed between the flap and its bed. Immediately after surgery and for two subsequent days, the rats in group 1 (the control group) were anesthetized for 1 h with the electrodes positioned in the base of the flap and without the administration of the electric stimulus. The rats in group 2 (the treatment group) were submitted to TENS for 1 h immediately after the surgery and for two subsequent days. The percentage of necrotic area (averages of 43.11% in the rats in group 1 and 23.52% in the rats in group 2) was calculated on the seventh postoperative day in both groups. Statistical analysis proved that TENS was more efficient in increasing random skin flap viability than was the method used in the control group.

scholarly journals EVALUATING THE ANTI-STRESS POTENTIAL OF PROPOFOL IN ROAD TRANSPORTATION WELFARE USING BIO-MARKERS IN WEST AFRICAN DWARF GOATS

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-177
Author(s):  
K. T. Biobaku ◽  
B. S. Okediran ◽  
A. T. Adebiyi ◽  
A. Aremu ◽  
A. J. Atata
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Meat Product ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Acid Group ◽  
West African ◽  
Full Blood Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
West African Dwarf ◽  
Antistress Effect

Sixteen apparently healthy West African dwarf bucks were used in the study. They were randomly grouped into four with four animals each.  Group one untreated non transported (non stressed control) control,  group two  was administered with  propofol at 5mg/Kg intramuscularly , group three was administered with ascorbic acid 500mg/kg intramuscularly  and group  four  non treated stressed control. Animals were carefully loaded in an open vehicle. The floor of the vehicle was cushioned to avoid the animals from sliding and injury. Then animals were subjected to a journey of 2hours at a speed of 40 kg/hr. Blood for haemotological analysis for full blood count was collected in bottles containing EDTA (ethylene diaminetetraacetic acid). While samples for assay of antioxidative enzymes were collected in bottles containing lithium heparin. The blood was also analysed superoxide dismutase (SOD), malonyldialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione -s- transferase (GST) respectively, using commercial Randox® kit. The  packed cell volume (PCV) showed significantly (P<0.05) higher PCV in the groups treated with propofol, ascorbic acid and none-stress control midway into the journey. The  neutrophils –lymphocytes  ratio (N: L) levels in was significantly higher at prior the journey. The levels of MDA were significantly (P<0.05) higher prior and at the end of the journey phases in the propofol treated group. The ascorbic acid group showed significantly (P<0.05) higher level of MDA at the mid phase of the journey. While the GST levels prior to journey were significantly (P<0.05) higher compare to the other phases in the propofol and ascorbic acid treated groups and none treated stressed control. In the SOD level was significantly (P<0.05) higher prior stage of the journey in the propofol treated group. this infer that propofol possess antistress effect and could be used to improve animal welfare at transportation. Conclusively, the propofol possess antistress effect that is similar in mechanism to ascorbic acid and could be used in amelioration of stress in short term stress in animals. It however advised that the withdrawal period of the drug is adhered to prevent residue of drug in the meat product.

scholarly journals Hepatotoxicity of Pentavalent Antimonial Drug: Possible Role of Residual Sb(III) and Protective Effect of Ascorbic Acid

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 481-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly C. Kato ◽  
Eliane Morais-Teixeira ◽  
Priscila G. Reis ◽  
Neila M. Silva-Barcellos ◽  
Pascal Salaün ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Hepatic Uptake ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Meglumine Antimoniate ◽  
Effective Strategies

ABSTRACTPentavalent antimonial drugs such as meglumine antimoniate (Glucantime [Glu; Sanofi-Aventis, São Paulo, Brazil]) produce severe side effects, including cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxicity, during the treatment of leishmaniasis. We evaluated the role of residual Sb(III) in the hepatotoxicity of meglumine antimoniate, as well as the protective effect of the antioxidant ascorbic acid (AA) during antimonial chemotherapy in a murine model of visceral leishmaniasis. BALB/c mice infected withLeishmania infantumwere treated intraperitoneally at 80 mg of Sb/kg/day with commercial meglumine antimoniate (Glu) or a synthetic meglumine antimoniate with lower Sb(III) level (MA), in association or not with AA (15 mg/kg/day), for a 20-day period. Control groups received saline or saline plus AA. Livers were evaluated for hepatocytes histological alterations, peroxidase activity, and apoptosis. Increased proportions of swollen and apoptotic hepatocytes were observed in animals treated with Glu compared to animals treated with saline or MA. The peroxidase activity was also enhanced in the liver of animals that received Glu. Cotreatment with AA reduced the extent of histological changes, the apoptotic index, and the peroxidase activity to levels corresponding to the control group. Moreover, the association with AA did not affect the hepatic uptake of Sb and the ability of Glu to reduce the liver and spleen parasite loads in infected mice. In conclusion, our data supports the use of pentavalent antimonials with low residue of Sb(III) and the association of pentavalent antimonials with AA, as effective strategies to reduce side effects in antimonial therapy.

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