scholarly journals Resolving the Ultrastructural Organization of Synaptic Vesicle Pools at Hippocampal Mossy Fiber and Schaffer Collateral Synapses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maus Lydia Susann
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Vesicle ◽  
Mossy Fiber ◽  
Ultrastructural Organization ◽  
Schaffer Collateral ◽  
Vesicle Pools

scholarly journals Correlating Synaptic Ultrastructure and Function at the Nanoscale

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia Maus ◽  
Bekir Altas ◽  
JeongSeop Rhee ◽  
Nils Brose ◽  
Cordelia Imig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Mossy Fiber ◽  
Electron Tomography ◽  
Freeze Substitution ◽  
Ultrastructural Organization ◽  
Vesicle Pools ◽  
Synaptic Ultrastructure ◽  
Organotypic Slice Cultures ◽  
Ultrastructure And Function ◽  
And Function

SUMMARYDespite similarities in the composition of the molecular release machinery, synapses can exhibit strikingly different functional transmitter release properties and short- and long-term plasticity characteristics. To address the question whether ultrastructural differences could contribute to this functional synaptic heterogeneity, we employed a combination of hippocampal organotypic slice cultures, high-pressure freezing, freeze substitution, and 3D-electron tomography to resolve the spatial organization of vesicle pools at individual active zones (AZ) in two functionally distinct synapses, namely Schaffer collateral (SC) and mossy fiber (MF) synapses. We found that mature MF and SC synapses harbor equal numbers of docked vesicles at their AZs, MF synapses at rest exhibit a second pool of possibly ‘tethered’ vesicles in the AZ vicinity, and MF synapses contain at least three morphological types of docked vesicles, indicating that differences in the ultrastructural organization of MF and SC synapses may contribute to their respective functional properties and corresponding plasticity characteristics.

scholarly journals Regulation of synaptic vesicle recycling by calcineurin in different vesicle pools

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susumu Kumashiro ◽  
Yun-Fei Lu ◽  
Kazuhito Tomizawa ◽  
Masayuki Matsushita ◽  
Fan-Yan Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Vesicle ◽  
Synaptic Vesicle Recycling ◽  
Vesicle Recycling ◽  
Vesicle Pools

scholarly journals Synaptic vesicle pools are a major hidden resting metabolic burden of nerve terminals

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Pulido ◽  
Timothy Aidan Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Synaptic Vesicle ◽  
Atp Synthesis ◽  
Nerve Terminals ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Vesicle Pools

The human brain is a uniquely vulnerable organ as interruption in fuel supply leads to acute cognitive impairment on rapid time scales. The reasons for this vulnerability are not well understood, but nerve terminals are likely loci of this vulnerability as they do not store sufficient ATP molecules and must synthesize them on-demand during activity or suffer acute degradation in performance. The requirements for on-demand ATP synthesis however depends in part on the magnitude of resting metabolic rates. We show here that, at rest, synaptic vesicle (SV) pools are a major source of presynaptic basal energy consumption. This basal metabolism arises from SV-resident V-ATPases compensating for a hidden resting H+ efflux from the SV lumen. We show that this steady-state H+ efflux is 1) mediated by vesicular neurotransmitter transporters, 2) independent of the SV cycle, 3) accounts for ~half of the resting synaptic energy consumption and 4) contributes to nerve terminal intolerance of fuel deprivation.

scholarly journals Synapsin Controls Both Reserve and Releasable Synaptic Vesicle Pools during Neuronal Activity and Short-Term Plasticity inAplysia

2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 4195-4206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yann Humeau ◽  
Frédéric Doussau ◽  
Francesco Vitiello ◽  
Paul Greengard ◽  
Fabio Benfenati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Vesicle ◽  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Plasticity ◽  
Vesicle Pools
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