scholarly journals FOREST DYNAMICS IN THE EASTERN AMAZON WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO SAPOTACEAE SPECIES

FLORESTA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Pequeno Reis ◽  
Pamella Carolline Marques dos Reis ◽  
Ademir Roberto Ruschel ◽  
José Natalino Macedo Silva ◽  
João Olegário Pereira de Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Forest Dynamics ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Sampling Area ◽  
Permanent Sample Plots ◽  
Reduced Impact Logging ◽  
Observation Period

AbstractSapotaceae species are among the most dominant tree species in the Amazon forest and are high valued timbers. This paper aimed to evaluate the effect of Reduced Impact Logging (RIL) over a dense tropical rain forest with special reference to Sapotaceae species, to generate information helping decision making in forest management. In 1997, out of a 1050 ha forest area located in the municipality of Moju, State of Pará, Brazil, 200 ha were selected to be logged applying a logging intensity of 23 m3 ha-1 and RIL techniques. To monitor forest dynamics, 22 permanent sample plots (11 ha sampling area) were established and all trees with DBH ≥ 10 cm were measured in years 1995, 1998 and 2010. In the whole observation period, mortality and ingrowth of Sapotaceae species were, respectively, 1.5% year-1 and 1.0% year-1. Trees with full overhead light grew 0.39 cm year-1 and those completely shaded grew only 0.16 cm year-1. Mortality higher than ingrowth indicates that the population of Sapotaceae species still need a period longer than 13 years to recover equilibrium after RIL, despite showing increased diametric growth rates.ResumoDinâmica de uma floresta no leste da Amazônia com ênfase às espécies de Sapotaceae. As espécies de Sapotaceae estão entre as mais dominantes na floresta amazônica e possuem alto valor comercial. O trabalho objetivou avaliar o efeito da Exploração de Impacto Reduzido (EIR) sobre uma floresta ombrófila densa com ênfase às espécies de Sapotaceae para gerar informações que possam subsidiar decisões a serem tomadas sobre o manejo de florestas nativas. De uma área florestal de 1.050 ha, situada no município de Moju, PA, foram selecionados 200 ha para EIR com intensidade de 23 m3 ha-1 em 1997. O monitoramento florestal foi feito com 22 parcelas permanentes (11 ha), sendo medidas todas as árvores com DAP ≥ 10 cm, nos anos de 1995, 1998 e 2010. No período total (1995 a 2010) a mortalidade das espécies de Sapotaceae foi de 1,5% ano-1 e o ingresso de 1,0% ano-1. As árvores com copas totalmente expostas à luz tiveram o incremento de 0,39 cm ano-1 e aquelas totalmente cobertas o incremento foi de 0,16 cm ano-1. A mortalidade maior que o ingresso indica que as espécies de Sapotaceae necessitam de um período maior que 13 anos para recuperar o equilíbrio após a EIR, apesar do aumento no crescimento diamétrico.Palavras-chave: Impacto pós-colheita; mortalidade; manejo florestal.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF TIMBER HARVESTING ON DENSITY AND BASAL AREA OF LECYTHIDACEAE SPECIES IN THE EASTERN AMAZON

FLORESTA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamella Carolline Marques dos Reis ◽  
Leonardo Pequeno Reis ◽  
Ademir Roberto Ruschel ◽  
José Natalino Macedo Silva ◽  
João Olegário Pereira de Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Forest Dynamics ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Tropical Rain Forest ◽  
Positive Response ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Timber Harvesting ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Permanent Sample Plots

Dynamics of Lecythidaceae species were evaluated 13 years after logging in a dense tropical rain forest located in the municipality of Moju, Pará (02º 08’ 14’’ and 02º 12’ 26” S; 48º 47’ 34”S and 48º 48’ 14” W - SAD 69). Two hundred ha out of a 1,050 ha forest area were selectively logged for timber (23 m3 ha-1 harvested from 25 species) in 1997. Twenty-two permanent sample plots of 0.5 ha (11 ha sample area) were established and all trees with DBH ≥ 10 cm were measured and identified in 1995, 1998 and 2010. Density (trees ha-1) and basal area (m2 ha-1) of the species were evaluated in the three occasions. The opening of canopy caused by logging reduced the density and basal area of five species, but produced a positive response in nine species, boosting their natural regeneration and allowing the ingrowth of one species that was not present in the studied area in the beginning.Keywords: Forest dynamics; Tauari; forest management; Amazon Forest. ResumoEfeito da exploração de madeiras na densidade e área basal de espécies de Lecythidaceae no leste da Amazônia. Analisou-se a dinâmica de espécies de Lecythidaceae 13 anos após a exploração madeireira, em uma Floresta Ombrófila Densa no município de Moju, Pará (02º 08’ 14’’ e 02º 12’ 26” S; 48º 47’ 34”S e 48º 48’ 14” W - SAD 69). De uma área de floresta de 1.050 ha, foram selecionados 200 ha para exploração seletiva, em 1997, de 25 espécies comerciais madeireiras (intensidade de 23 m3 ha-1). Foram alocadas 22 parcelas permanentes de 0,5 ha, totalizando 11 ha amostrais, onde foram medidas todas as árvores com DAP≥ 10 cm, nos anos de 1995, 1998 e 2010. Analisou-se a densidade (árvores ha-1) e área basal (m2 ha-1) das espécies, nas três ocasiões. A abertura do dossel causada pela exploração reduziu a densidade e a área basal de cinco espécies, porém produziu impacto positivo em nove espécies, estimulando a sua regeneração natural e, inclusive, proporcionando o ingresso de uma espécie que não estava presente na área monitoradaPalavras-chave: Dinâmica da floresta; Tauarí; manejo florestal; Floresta Amazônica.

scholarly journals EFEITO DA EXPLORAÇÃO DE IMPACTO REDUZIDO EM ALGUMAS ESPÉCIES DE SAPOTACEAE NO LESTE DA AMAZÔNIA

FLORESTA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Pequeno Reis ◽  
José Natalino Macedo Silva ◽  
Pamella Carolline Marques Dos Reis ◽  
João Olegário Pereira de Carvalho ◽  
Waldenei Travassos de Queiroz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Tree Density ◽  
The Other ◽  
Permanent Sample Plots ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
The Family ◽  
Commercial Species ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Reduced Impact Logging

Avaliou-se o efeito da exploração de madeira, realizada em 1997, na estrutura e dinâmica de algumas espécies de Sapotaceae em uma Floresta Ombrófila Densa, no município de Moju, Pará (02º12’26”S e 48º48’14”W). De uma área de floresta de 1.050 ha, foram selecionados 200 hapara exploração seletiva de intensidade de 23 m3.ha-1. Nessa área, foram alocadas 22 parcelas permanentes de 0,5 ha, totalizando 11 ha amostrais, onde foram medidas todas as árvores com DAP ≥10 cm, nos anos de 1995 (antes da exploração), 1998 e 2010 (após exploração). Os parâmetros avaliados foram densidade (Da) e área basal (m2.ha-1). No período de 1995 a 2010, Sapotaceae apresentou uma redução significativa de 7,7% na densidade (p = 0,0147) e aumento na dominância em 1,4% (p = 0,7851). Nesse mesmo período, observou-se redução da densidade e dominância para Pouteria laurifolia (Gomes) Radlk. (66,7 e 50,6%), Pouteria macrocarpa (Mart.) D. Dietr. (25 e 29,4%), Micropholis acutangula (Ducke) Eyma (20 e 11%), Manilkara huberi (Ducke) A. Chev. (16,4 e 17,7%) e Manilkara paraensis (Huber) Standl. (12,5 e 31,4%). A espécie com maior valor comercial, M. huberi, não mostrou recuperação nesse parâmetro, porém houve ingresso de três novas espécies na população de Sapotaceae estudada.AbstractEffect of reduced impact logging in some sapotaceae species in the eastern amazon. Effect of logging, held in 1997, on structure and dynamics of some Sapotaceae species were evaluated in a dense tropical rain forest located in the municipality of Moju, Pará (02º 12’ 26” S e 48º 48’ 14” W). Two hundred ha out of 1,050 ha forest area were selectively logged for timber (23 m3ha-1 logging intensity) in 1997.Twenty-two 0.5 ha permanent sample plots (11 ha sample) were established and all trees with dbh ≥ 10 cm were identified and measured for dbh in 1995 (before logging), 1998 and 2010 (after logging). Parameters evaluated were Density (De) and Basal area (G-m2 ha-1). Sapotaceae presented a significant reduction of 7.7% on tree density (p=0.0147), and an dominance increase of 1.4% (p=0.7851). In the same period, decreases in density and basal area were observed to Pouteria laurifolia (Gomes) Radlk. (66.7 and 50.6%), Pouteria macrocarpa (Mart.) D. Dietr. (25 and 29.4%), Micropholis acutangula (Ducke) Eyma (20 and 11%), Manilkara huberi (Ducke) A. Chev. (16.4 and 17.7%) and Manilkara paraensis (Huber) Standl. (12.5 and 31.4%). The main commercial species M. Huberi did not recover its original density. On the other hand, three new species of the family were recorded in the focused period.Keywords: Forest management; Pouteria; Manilkara; Amazonian Forest.

scholarly journals ANÁLISE ESTRUTURAL E USO MÚLTIPLO DE ESPÉCIES ARBÓREAS EM FLORESTAS MANEJADAS NO MÉDIO VALE DO RIO CURUÁ-UNA, PARÁ

FLORESTA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 465
Author(s):  
Diego Dos Santos Vieira ◽  
João Ricardo Vasconcellos Gama ◽  
Márcio Leles Romarco de Oliveira ◽  
Renato Bezerra Da Silva Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Multiple Use ◽  
Managed Forest ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
M 12 ◽  
Unmanaged Forest ◽  
Reduced Impact Logging

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar alterações florísticas e estruturais ocorridas em áreas de Floresta Ombrófila Densa no Pará, em decorrência das atividades de exploração de impacto reduzido. Para isso, foram utilizadas duas áreas de floresta não manejada (FNM1 e FNM2) e duas de floresta manejada (FM1 e FM2), explorada há quatro anos, com intensidade de corte de 30 m³.ha-1. Utilizou-se amostragem estratificada, com alocação de 24 parcelas de 28 x 350 m, sendo 12 na FM1 e 12 na FNM1, e 20 parcelas de 50 x 200 m, sendo nove na FM2 e 11 na FNM2, mensurando-se todos os indivíduos com DAP ≥ 10 cm. O delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado, com número diferente de repetições. No período de quatro anos após a exploração, ocorreram alterações não significativas na composição florística e abundância de indivíduos, no entanto os índices de Shannon calculados para as áreas diferiram significativamente. A espécie de maior valor de importância na FM1 e FNM1 foi Rinorea guianensis Aubl. e na FM2 e FNM2 foram Licania kunthiana Hook.f. e Richardella macrophylla (Lam.) Aubrév., respectivamente. Após quatro anos da colheita, foram identificadas diferenças significativas apenas no volume total e na dominância absoluta entre FM2 e FNM2.AbstractStructural analysis and multiple use of tree species in managed forest, Middle River Valley of Curuá-una, Pará. This research aimed to evaluate the floristic and structural changes in areas of dense rain forest in Pará, due to the reduced impact logging activities. Inorder to that, two areas of unmanaged forest were used (FNM1 and FNM2), and two of managed forest (FM1 and FM2), explored for four years with intensity of cut 30 m³.ha-1. A stratified sampling was used with allocation of 24 plots of 28 m x 350 m, 12 in the FM1and 12 in the FNM1, and 20 plots of 50 m x 200 m, 9 in the FM2 and 11 in the FNM2, we measured all individuals with DBH ≥ 10 cm. The lineation was completely randomized with different number of repetitions. In the period of four years after forest harvest, non-significant changes occurred in the floristic composition and abundance of individuals, however, the Shannon-Weaver indices calculated for the areas differed significantly. The species with the highest importance value in FM1 and FNM1 was Rinorea guianensis Aubl. and in FM2 and FNM2 were Licania kunthiana Hook.f. and Richardella macrophylla (Lam.) Aubrév., respectively. After four years of harvests, significant differences were found only in total volume and absolute dominance between FM2 and FNM2.Keywords: Phytosociology; Amazon; Forest management.

scholarly journals Optimal selective logging regime and log landing location models: a case study in the Amazon forest

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Henrique da SILVA ◽  
Lucas Rezende GOMIDE ◽  
Evandro Orfanó FIGUEIREDO ◽  
Luis Marcelo Tavares de CARVALHO ◽  
Antônio Carlos FERRAZ-FILHO
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Selective Logging ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Wood Production ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Reduced Impact Logging ◽  
Ilp Models

ABSTRACT Reduced-impact logging is a well known practice applied in most sustainable forest management plans in the Amazon. Nevertheless, there are still ways to improve the operational planning process. Therefore, the aim of this study was to create an integer linear programming (ILP) to fill in the knowledge gaps in the decision support system of reduced impact logging explorations. The minimization of harvest tree distance to wood log landing was assessed. Forest structure aspects, income and wood production were set in the model, as well as the adjacency constraints. Data are from a dense ombrophylous forest in the western Brazilian Amazon. We applied the phytosociological analysis and BDq method to define the selective logging criteria. Then, ILP models were formulated to allow the application of the constraints. Finally, 32 scenarios (unbalanced forest, UF, and balanced forest, BF) were generated and compared with real executed plans (RE). Robust results were achieved and the expected finding of each scenario was met. The feasibility to integrate ILP models in uneven-aged forest management projects was endorsed. Consequently, the UF and BF scenarios tested were efficient and concise, introducing new advances for forest management plans in the Amazon. The proposed models have a high potential to improve the selective logging activities in the Amazon forest.

Planning a system of permanent sample plots for integrated long-term studies of community-based forest management

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Meilby ◽  
L Puri ◽  
M Christensen ◽  
S Rayamajhi
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Research Note ◽  
Managed Forests ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Permanent Sample Plots ◽  
Long Term Studies

To monitor the development of four community-managed forests, networks of permanent sample plots were established in 2005 at sites in Chitwan, Kaski and Mustang Districts, Nepal. This research note documents the procedures used when preparing for establishment of the plot networks, evaluates the applied stratification of the forest on the basis of data gathered in pilot surveys conducted in the early 2005, and provides a discussion on the implications of the choices made. Key words: Community-managed forests; permanent sample plots; stratification; allocation; estimates Banko Janakari Vol.16(2) 2006 pp.3-11

Drawing ethical mentation in Islamic banks; addressing operational lines heterogeneity with special reference to Al-Ghazali’s ethical philosophy

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinaj Valangattil Shamsudheen ◽  
Saiful Azhar Rosly ◽  
Syed Abdul Hamid Aljunid
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Islamic Finance ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ethical Philosophy ◽  
Divine Knowledge

Purpose This study aims to examine the decision-making behaviour of Islamic banking practitioners of the United Arab Emirates with special reference to the operational line heterogeneity by employing factors that are religious in nature such as intellect, satanic force and divine knowledge as encapsulated in al-Ghazali’s ethical philosophy. Design/methodology/approach A total of 337 samples were collected from the Islamic banking practitioners in the United Arab Emirates using a purposive sampling technique, and the empirical analysis was conducted with the measures of model fit and bootstrapping technique using Partial least square Structural equation modelling and multi-group analysis. Findings The empirical findings reveal that the dedicated use of intellect in making decisions related to ethical issues where desires and emotions tend to overwhelm reason and human choices. While divine knowledge is found ineffective guidance of the intellect, the element of satanic force is found significantly impacting decision-making. As the lack of religious consciousness is evident among respondents, higher exposure to operational risk is expected. These findings were found identical across the Islamic banking practitioners in different lines of operations. Research limitations/implications The span of the study is limited to a single country. Future studies are recommended to replicate the study to more markets where the share of Islamic finance is significant. Practical implications Findings of the study highly suggest respective authorities of Islamic financial institutions to intensify the capacity-building programs on the foundation of faith which includes Islamic thought and worldview, to enhance the corporate ethical decision-making. Moreover, equal importance should be given to all the banking practitioners regardless of line of business operations. Originality/value With undue emphasis is given to the juristic (fiqh) aspects of Shariah compliance in the Islamic banking and finance industry, less has been attempted to explore its ethical dimension (akhlaq) in the compliance parameters that leave a relatively large gap to address prevailing unethical practices in Islamic finance institutions. Findings from this study can be useful as a warning to the Islamic banking firms to enhance the sense of God-fearing and improve existing measures in the organisation in mitigating operational risks that may arise from people or system and consequently ensure the smooth governance of the Islamic banks.

scholarly journals Changes in the floristic composition of a Terra Firme rain forest In Brazilian Amazonia over an eight-year period In response to logging

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Olegário Pereira de CARVALHO
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Terra Firme ◽  
Permanent Sample Plots ◽  
Brazilian Amazonia ◽  
Number Of Species

Changes in the floristic composition over an eight-year period in a logged area at the Tapajós National Forest in Brazilian Amazonia arc discussed. Two treatments of different intensities of logging were compared with an undisturbed (control) forest. Data were collected from permanent sample-plots. The effects of logging on floristic composition were stronger in the more heavily logged treatment. The number of species decreased immediately after logging, but started to increase before the fifth year after logging and was higher at the end of the study period than before logging. The more heavily logged plots responded more to disturbances, as judged by the increase in the number of species during the period after logging. This forest appears to recover its initial floristic composition after disturbance without intervention.

Forest Management Decision-Making: Art or Science?

1981 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 233-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. H. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Simulation Modeling ◽  
Forest Planning ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Creative Design ◽  
Management Decision Making ◽  
Evaluation Techniques ◽  
Making Art

This paper describes an approach to forest management decision-making. Acknowledging both objective and subjective elements, the approach offers a methodology to encourage more creative design in forest planning. It uses the descriptive capabilities of simulation modeling in tandem with the prescriptive capabilities of graphical evaluation techniques, to facilitate the use and interpretation of technical forestry information in decision-making problems. It emphasizes a need for an overview of long-term resource behavior as a prerequisite to, and a framework for, forest planning.

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