scholarly journals QUANTIFICAÇÃO DE MATERIAL COMBUSTÍVEL NO SUB-BOSQUE DE UM POVOAMENTO DE Platanus x acerifolia

FLORESTA ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Scheidt Da Rosa ◽  
Mauro Valdir Schumacher ◽  
Flávio Hoelscher ◽  
Jeison Tiago Alflen ◽  
Luciano Volenhaupt Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Combustible Material ◽  
Plane Tree ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Santa Maria ◽  
Diameter Classes

O plátano (Platanus x acerifolia) tem despertado a atenção do setor moveleiro, em virtude das propriedades elásticas da madeira. Este trabalho teve por objetivo quantificar o material combustível existente no sub-bosque de um povoamento de plátano com 4,5 anos de idade, instalado em solo hidromórfico, em Santa Maria, RS. Em nove unidades amostrais, com 4 m2 cada, a biomassa combustível foi dividida em três classes de diâmetro (0,25; 1,0; 3,0 polegadas) com uso de gabarito. Cada classe foi pesada e teve uma amostra coletada e seca para determinação do peso seco total por hectare (em Mg ha-1). Não foram encontrados exemplares com diâmetro superior a 1,0 polegada. Os diâmetros até 0,25 e até 1,0 polegada corresponderam, respectivamente, a 85% (8,42 mg.ha-1) e 15% (1,52 mg.ha-1) do total de biomassa no sub-bosque do povoamento. Os valores apresentaram-se relativamente baixos, provavelmente devido ao elevado grau de hidromorfia do solo na área. QUANTIFICATION OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL IN THE SUB-FOREST OF A Platanus x acerifolia SETTLEMENT Abstract The plane tree (Platanus x acerifolia) has been interesting for the furniture section, because of the elastic properties of the wood. This work had as objective to quantify the existent combustible material in the sub-forest of a 4,5 years old plane tree settlement, installed in hydromorfic soil, in Santa Maria, RS. In nine samples units, with 4 m² each, the combustible biomass was divided in three diameter classes (0,25; 1,0; 3,0 inches) with form use. Each class was weight and the samples were collected for the determination of the total dry weight in an hectare (mg.ha-1), individuals with a diameter superior to 1,0 inch weren’t find. The diameters up to 0,25 and up to 1,0 inch they corresponded, respectively, to 85% (8,42 mg.ha-1) and 15% (1,52 mg.ha-1) of the total biomass in the sub-forest of the settlement. The values seemed to be relatively low, probably due to the hydromorfic level of the soil in the studied area.

BIOASSAY OF PROLACTIN

1969 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles S. Nicoll
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Assay Sensitivity ◽  
Mucosal Epithelium ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Total Dry Weight

ABSTRACT The response of the pigeon crop-sac to systemically acting prolactin (injected subcutaneously) was evaluated by measuring the wet weight of the responsive lateral lobes of the organ and by determining the dry weight of a 4 cm diameter disc of mucosal epithelium taken from one hemicrop. Of several different injection schedules tested, administration of prolactin in four daily injections was found to yield optimal responses. When compared with a graded series of prolactin doses, measurement of the mucosal dry weight proved to be a better method of response quantification than determination of the crop-sac wet weight with respect to both assay sensitivity and precision. The submucosal tissue of the crop-sac was estimated to constitute about 64 % of the total dry weight of the unstimulated organ and it was found to be relatively unresponsive to prolactin stimulation in comparison with the mucosa. The lipid content of the mucosal epithelium was determined using unstimulated crop-sacs or tissues which showed varying degrees of prolactin-induced proliferation. The fat content of the mucosal epithelial cells increased only slightly more rapidly than the dry weight or the defatted dry weight of the mucosa. Suggestions are made for the further improvement of the systemic crop-sac assay for prolactin.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Genotypes for Quality Seedlings

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-116
Author(s):  
Shahrina Akhtar ◽  
Jalal Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Abdul Hamid ◽  
Md Rafiqul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Maximum Variance ◽  
Total Dry Weight

A study was conducted to evaluate 100 chickpea genotypes to explore their genetic diversity in respect of emergence and growth attributes. A high genotypic variation was observed in the characters studied. The highest positive correlation corresponded to the root mass and total plant biomass of the seedlings. Seedling biomass production was highly subjective to seedling vigor. Using discriminant function analysis, the first two functions contributed 46.2 and 39.0%, and altogether 85.2% of the variability among the genotypes. Function 1 was positively related to dry weight of root and total plants. The character with the greatest weight on function 2 was seedling emergence rate. The total dry weight of seedlings played the most dominant role in explaining the maximum variance in the genotypes. The genotypes were grouped into six clusters. Each cluster had specific seedling characteristics and the clusters 5 and 6 were closely related and clearly separated from clusters 1 and 4 for their higher amount of root and total biomass production, and vigorous seedlings, where as, the genotypes in cluster 2 and 3 were intermediate. The genotypes in cluster 5 followed by cluster 6 appeared to be important resources for selecting and developing chickpea variety. Keywords: Chickpea; genotypes; seedling; quality DOI: 10.3329/agric.v8i2.7584 The Agriculturists 8(2): 108-116 (2010)

scholarly journals Fertilizer, Flower Bud Removal and Vegetative Pruning of Echinacea species (Purple Coneflower) Influence Biomass and Phenolic Content

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 551A-551
Author(s):  
Jenny Heringer Vires ◽  
Robert Anderson ◽  
Robert Geneve
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Echinacea Purpurea ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Purple Coneflower ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Bud Removal

Purple Coneflower [Echinacea sp. (Asteracea)] is of great value to the horticultural, pharmaceutical, and herbal industry. More research is needed to determine cultural practices that will produce a plant high in biomass and phenolic content, the chemical used for testing the quality of the harvested plant on a percent basis of roots, flowers and vegetative parts. The objective of this experiment is to determine if biomass and phenolic content of Echinacea purpurea and E. purpurea `Magnus' is influenced by fertilization after flower bud removal and vegetative pruning. The second objective of this study is to form an evaluation of the differences in biomass and phenolic content of five cultivars of E. purpurea and five species of Echinacea. Biomass and phenolic content will be evaluated to determine if exposing these plants to various treatments increases the quality of the plant over 1 and 2 years of growth. Differences in dry weights of Echinacea species and cultivars harvested after the first year of growth was determined. There was a significant difference in total dry weight between E. purpurea cultivars. Echinacea purpurea `Bright Star' and `Clio' significantly produced the most total dry weight compared to all other cultivars. There was no significant difference in root or flower biomass between cultivars. Biomass of Echinacea species was significantly different in root, vegetaive and flower parts. The total biomass of E. purpurea and E. tennesseensis was significantly higher compared to other species. Echinacea pallida and E. paradoxa were not significantly different from E. purpurea in root biomass, even though both species were small in above ground growth. Echinacea tennesseensis significantly produced 45% to 105% more flowers compared to other species. Differences in phenolic content between species and cultivars will also be presented.

scholarly journals Analysis of Carbon Above The Ground As The Indicator of Forest Health In Protection Forest Registers 25

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-10
Author(s):  
Rayi Nindya Lestari ◽  
Christine Wulandari ◽  
Rahmat Safe’i ◽  
Arief Darmawan
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Forest Health ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Health Indicator ◽  
Global Issues ◽  
Protection Forest ◽  
Total Dry Weight

Forest health is very important in the whole world, when global issues such as air pollution, acid rain, forest fires, quality and quantity of water, and global climate change has affected the realization of a sustainable forest.  Achievement of forest preservation in a forest ecosystem, criteria and indicators have been widely formulated.  Therefore, carbon analysis is significantly needed to figure the indicator of forest health. The aim of the research was to analyze the carbon as a forest health indicator in Protection Forest, Reg. 25. The data were collected through cluster plot based on Forest Health Monitoring (FHM) method.  The calculus of the amount of stored biomass within the tree was referring to Ketterings, et al, (2001) is W = 0,11 x ρ x D2,62, mean while under growth and litter biomass are gained from total dry weight. Carbon sink is based on conversion number; 0,5 out of total biomass number. The average of carbon stored in Protection Forest Reg. 25 is about 939,12 ton/ha. Carbon within the stands are contributed the most; 937, 43 ton/ha, litter carbon about 1,06 ton C/ha and undergrowth carbon is about 0,63 ton C/ha. Based on the analysis, carbon can be a health indicator of Protection Forest Register 25 with the category of ugly, moderate, and good.  Cluster plots 1 and 2 included good category (1,232.75 ton C/ha -- 1744.13 ton C/ha).  As for cluster plots 3 and 4 included ugly category (209.97 ton C/ha -- 721.35 ton C/ha).

scholarly journals Stomach content analysis of a Dugong (Dugong dugon) from South Sulawesi, Indonesia

1993 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 229 ◽  
Author(s):  
PLA Erftemeijer ◽  
Djunarli ◽  
W Moka
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stomach Content Analysis ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Feeding Selectivity ◽  
Individual Female ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Total Dry Weight

A quantitative analysis of the stomach contents of an individual female dugong (Dugong dugon) caught by fishermen in February 1991 in the coastal waters of South Sulawesi, Indonesia, is presented. Of the total dry weight of digesta (about 3.4 kg), 98.9% consisted of seagrass material. Rhizome and root material of smaller pioneering genera (i.e. Halophila, Halodule, Cymodocea) accounted for 71.5% of the total dry weight. Enhalus acoroides dominated among leaf material (about 50%), but its contribution to the total biomass of the stomach contents was only 13.5%. Rhizome material of Enhalus and Thalassia was absent. The amount of sediment in the stomach was negligible. The results are compared with those from similar studies, and the implications for possible feeding selectivity are discussed.

scholarly journals 255 Biomass and Phenolic Content of Echinacea Species Grown in Kentucky

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 435B-435
Author(s):  
Jenny Heringer Vires ◽  
Robert Geneve ◽  
Robert Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
First Year ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
The Past ◽  
Purple Coneflower ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Herbaceous Perennial

Purple coneflower, Echinacea sp. (Asteraceae), is a herbaceous perennial native to North America. Within the past decade, extensive research has been conducted to confirm echinacea's immunostimulatory, antiviral, and antibacterial benefits to humans. E. angustifolia, E. purpurea, and E. pallida are the primary species grown and studied for the herbal industry. However, there are other species and cultivars that may produce higher yields in biomass and chemical quality. The objective for this study is to evaluate the differences in biomass and phenolic content of five cultivars of E. purpurea and five species of Echinacea under Kentucky growing conditions. Differences in biomass (dry weight) of Echinacea species and cultivars harvested after the first year of growth was determined. There was a significant difference in total dry weight between E. purpurea cultivars. E. purpurea `Bright Star' and `Clio' produced significantly greater total dry weight compared to all other cultivars. There was no significant difference in root or flower biomass between cultivars. Biomass production differed between Echinacea species for root, vegetative, and flower parts. The total biomass of E. purpurea and E. tennesseensis was significantly higher compared to other species. E. pallida and E. paradoxa were not significantly different from E. purpurea in root biomass, even though both species produced less above-ground growth. E. tennesseensis produced 45% to 105% more flowers compared to other species. Differences in phenolic content between species and cultivars will also be presented.

scholarly journals Inter- and Intra-specific Variation in Growth Parameters of Ocimum Species

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1120E-1121
Author(s):  
Rao Mentreddy ◽  
Cedric Sims ◽  
Usha Devagiri ◽  
Ernst Cebert
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The United States ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Unknown Species ◽  
Ocimum Species ◽  
Rate Of Emergence ◽  
Total Dry Weight

Basils (Ocimum species) of the mint family Lamiaceae are well known for their multiple uses as culinary, aromatic, and medicinal plants worldwide. Basils are integral components of Asian and Mediterranean cuisine and are also widely used for treating diabetes and cancers. Basil has a limited acceptance as a culinary herb in the United States. The potential exists for development of culinary, medicinal, aromatic, and ornamental basil cultivars for production in the southeastern United States. In a preliminary field trial, 84 accessions belonging to six species of the genus Ocimum were evaluated for agronomic parameters in single-row plots. Wide variations exist between and within species for all agronomic traits studied. The mean percent emergence between species ranged from 60.0% for O. americanum var. americanum to 100.0% for an unknown species from Italy and O. campechianum. The aboveground fresh biomass per plant ranged from 424.0 g for O. sellol to 1450.3 g for the unknown Italian accession. The unknown Italian accession produced more branches per plant and also had the highest root, leaf, stem, and inflorescence fresh and dry weights among species. Ocimumsellol plants emerged late, had a slower rate of emergence, and produced a lower total biomass than other species. Ocimumgratissimum partitioned a greater proportion of the total dry weight to leaves (37.9%) and roots (14.4%), whereas O. basilicum. O americanum var. americanum, and O. campechianum partitioned a greater amount of dry matter to inflorescence and the least to roots than other species. In this presentation, the agronomic traits and basil cultivars with potential for ornamental and medicinal purposes will be discussed.

A Proposed Method Suitable for Large-Scale Surveys of Biomass in Lakes

1974 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-328
Author(s):  
George F. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Zooplankton Biomass ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Particulate Carbon ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Plankton Biomass ◽  
Total Phytoplankton ◽  
Filter Papers

A method for studying plankton biomass by comparing the results between planktonnet hauls and an integrated water column sample is described. Filtering the planktonnet sample through glass-fiber filter papers would yield planktonnet phytoplankton plus zooplankton biomass. Filtering the integrator sample would yield total phytoplankton biomass. Sieving part of this sample would give direct estimates of net and nannophytoplankton which could be used in combination with the values of net plankton biomass to give estimates of total biomass and zooplankton biomass.Ash-free dry weight is recommended instead of dry weight biomass. The results are easy to produce, are comparable with other parameters such as particulate carbon and nitrogen, and are in units which may be used in the determination of trophic status or nutrient budgets for a lake.

scholarly journals Determination of the Optimal Rate of Slow-release Fertilizer for Enhanced Growth of Pawpaw Seedlings in Containers

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirk W. Pomper ◽  
Desmond R. Layne ◽  
Eddie B. Reed
Keyword(s):  
Slow Release ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Greenhouse Experiment ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Treatment Rate ◽  
Slow Release Fertilizer ◽  
Asimina Triloba ◽  
Liquid Feed ◽  
Total Dry Weight

Growth of pawpaw (Asimina triloba) seedlings in containers was examined in a factorial greenhouse experiment with four treatment levels of the slow-release fertilizer, Osmocote 14-14-14 (14N- 6.1P-11.6K), incorporated in Pro-Mix BX potting substrate at 0, 0.13, 0.26 or 0.81 kg·m-3 (0, 0.22, 0.44, or 1.37 lb/yard3) and three treatment levels of liquid-feed fertilizer of Peters 20-20-20 (20N-8.7P-16.6K) water-soluble fertilizer at 0, 250, or 500 mg·L-1 (ppm). When plants were harvested 18 weeks after sowing, seedlings subjected to the highest rate of Osmocote 14-14-14 at 0.81 kg·m-3 and liquid-feed at 500 mg·L-1 had the greatest total biomass, about 3-fold greater than nonfertilized plants. In a separate greenhouse experiment, growth of seedlings was examined with Osmocote 14-14-14 as the sole fertilizer source at six treatment levels of: 0, 0.81, 2.22, 4.43, 8.86, or 17.7 kg·m-3 (0, 1.37, 3.74, 7.47, 14.9, or 29.9 lb/yard3). Early seedling growth was hastened in the 2.22 kg·m-3 treatment rate, but delayed in 17.7 kg·m-3 treatment rate, when compared to nonfertilized control plants. When seedlings were harvested 17 weeks after sowing, plants had the greatest shoot, root, and total dry weight with Osmocote 14-14-14 at a rate of 2.22 kg·m-3. Root:shoot ratio decreased from about 1.5 without Osmocote 14-14-14, to about 0.65 at rates of 2.22 kg·m-3 or greater. Based on the results of this study, the slow-release fertilizer, Osmocote 14-14-14, can be used effectively as a sole fertilizer source when incorporated into potting substrate at a rate of 2.22 kg·m-3 or at a reduced rate of 0.81 kg·m-3 when supplemented with weekly applications of liquid-feed fertilizer at a rate of 500 mg·L-1 of Peters 20-20-20, to enhance production of container-grown pawpaw seedlings.

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