scholarly journals Stomach content analysis of a Dugong (Dugong dugon) from South Sulawesi, Indonesia

1993 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 229 ◽  
Author(s):  
PLA Erftemeijer ◽  
Djunarli ◽  
W Moka
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stomach Content Analysis ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Feeding Selectivity ◽  
Individual Female ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Total Dry Weight

A quantitative analysis of the stomach contents of an individual female dugong (Dugong dugon) caught by fishermen in February 1991 in the coastal waters of South Sulawesi, Indonesia, is presented. Of the total dry weight of digesta (about 3.4 kg), 98.9% consisted of seagrass material. Rhizome and root material of smaller pioneering genera (i.e. Halophila, Halodule, Cymodocea) accounted for 71.5% of the total dry weight. Enhalus acoroides dominated among leaf material (about 50%), but its contribution to the total biomass of the stomach contents was only 13.5%. Rhizome material of Enhalus and Thalassia was absent. The amount of sediment in the stomach was negligible. The results are compared with those from similar studies, and the implications for possible feeding selectivity are discussed.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Genotypes for Quality Seedlings

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-116
Author(s):  
Shahrina Akhtar ◽  
Jalal Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Abdul Hamid ◽  
Md Rafiqul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Maximum Variance ◽  
Total Dry Weight

A study was conducted to evaluate 100 chickpea genotypes to explore their genetic diversity in respect of emergence and growth attributes. A high genotypic variation was observed in the characters studied. The highest positive correlation corresponded to the root mass and total plant biomass of the seedlings. Seedling biomass production was highly subjective to seedling vigor. Using discriminant function analysis, the first two functions contributed 46.2 and 39.0%, and altogether 85.2% of the variability among the genotypes. Function 1 was positively related to dry weight of root and total plants. The character with the greatest weight on function 2 was seedling emergence rate. The total dry weight of seedlings played the most dominant role in explaining the maximum variance in the genotypes. The genotypes were grouped into six clusters. Each cluster had specific seedling characteristics and the clusters 5 and 6 were closely related and clearly separated from clusters 1 and 4 for their higher amount of root and total biomass production, and vigorous seedlings, where as, the genotypes in cluster 2 and 3 were intermediate. The genotypes in cluster 5 followed by cluster 6 appeared to be important resources for selecting and developing chickpea variety. Keywords: Chickpea; genotypes; seedling; quality DOI: 10.3329/agric.v8i2.7584 The Agriculturists 8(2): 108-116 (2010)

scholarly journals Fertilizer, Flower Bud Removal and Vegetative Pruning of Echinacea species (Purple Coneflower) Influence Biomass and Phenolic Content

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 551A-551
Author(s):  
Jenny Heringer Vires ◽  
Robert Anderson ◽  
Robert Geneve
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Echinacea Purpurea ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Purple Coneflower ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Bud Removal

Purple Coneflower [Echinacea sp. (Asteracea)] is of great value to the horticultural, pharmaceutical, and herbal industry. More research is needed to determine cultural practices that will produce a plant high in biomass and phenolic content, the chemical used for testing the quality of the harvested plant on a percent basis of roots, flowers and vegetative parts. The objective of this experiment is to determine if biomass and phenolic content of Echinacea purpurea and E. purpurea `Magnus' is influenced by fertilization after flower bud removal and vegetative pruning. The second objective of this study is to form an evaluation of the differences in biomass and phenolic content of five cultivars of E. purpurea and five species of Echinacea. Biomass and phenolic content will be evaluated to determine if exposing these plants to various treatments increases the quality of the plant over 1 and 2 years of growth. Differences in dry weights of Echinacea species and cultivars harvested after the first year of growth was determined. There was a significant difference in total dry weight between E. purpurea cultivars. Echinacea purpurea `Bright Star' and `Clio' significantly produced the most total dry weight compared to all other cultivars. There was no significant difference in root or flower biomass between cultivars. Biomass of Echinacea species was significantly different in root, vegetaive and flower parts. The total biomass of E. purpurea and E. tennesseensis was significantly higher compared to other species. Echinacea pallida and E. paradoxa were not significantly different from E. purpurea in root biomass, even though both species were small in above ground growth. Echinacea tennesseensis significantly produced 45% to 105% more flowers compared to other species. Differences in phenolic content between species and cultivars will also be presented.

A Comparison of Stomach and Fecal Samples for Diet Analysis of Grey Kangaroos

1988 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 249 ◽  
Author(s):  
GL Norbury
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stomach Content Analysis ◽  
Diet Analysis ◽  
Faecal Analysis ◽  
Differential Digestion ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Species Proportions

In an experiment with four captive eastern grey kangaroos, Macropus giganteus, microscopic analysis of both stomach contents and faeces did not reflect the ingested dry weight proportion of most plant species in a fed diet. However, close agreement was obtained by correcting for unidentifiable microscopic fragments of plants. This suggests that differential digestion may not be as important an artefact of microscopic diet analysis as previously reported. Provided corrections are made, faecal analysis may be as reliable as stomach content analysis for describing relative proportions of plant species in the diet of macropodids. In contrast, differences in proportions of plant species between stomach and faecal samples from free-ranging western grey kangaroos, Macropus fuliginosus, suggest that faecal analysis may not be suitable for quantitative studies of diet selection (comparisons of plant species proportions in the diet with species proportions in the field) in areas with heterogeneous vegetation. In these situations, samples of stomach contents are considered more appropriate.

Studies on the Marsupial Glider, Schoinobates Volans (Kerr). 4. Feeding Biology.

1973 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 213 ◽  
Author(s):  
TG Marples
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Daily Food Intake ◽  
Feeding Biology ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Total Dry Weight

Stomach contents of 133 gliders were examined for total dry weight of food, and calorific values. From four years' collections it was estimated that daily food intake was 20g dry wt. or 108 kcal. The feeding rate was estimated at 2.8g dry wt. hr-1 and was observed to be leaves, buds, and bark of the major tree species. The estimated harvest by the glider population was 6 kg dry wt. ha-1 yr-I (3.2 x 10*4 kcal ha-1 yr-I).

scholarly journals Analysis of Carbon Above The Ground As The Indicator of Forest Health In Protection Forest Registers 25

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-10
Author(s):  
Rayi Nindya Lestari ◽  
Christine Wulandari ◽  
Rahmat Safe’i ◽  
Arief Darmawan
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Forest Health ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Health Indicator ◽  
Global Issues ◽  
Protection Forest ◽  
Total Dry Weight

Forest health is very important in the whole world, when global issues such as air pollution, acid rain, forest fires, quality and quantity of water, and global climate change has affected the realization of a sustainable forest.  Achievement of forest preservation in a forest ecosystem, criteria and indicators have been widely formulated.  Therefore, carbon analysis is significantly needed to figure the indicator of forest health. The aim of the research was to analyze the carbon as a forest health indicator in Protection Forest, Reg. 25. The data were collected through cluster plot based on Forest Health Monitoring (FHM) method.  The calculus of the amount of stored biomass within the tree was referring to Ketterings, et al, (2001) is W = 0,11 x ρ x D2,62, mean while under growth and litter biomass are gained from total dry weight. Carbon sink is based on conversion number; 0,5 out of total biomass number. The average of carbon stored in Protection Forest Reg. 25 is about 939,12 ton/ha. Carbon within the stands are contributed the most; 937, 43 ton/ha, litter carbon about 1,06 ton C/ha and undergrowth carbon is about 0,63 ton C/ha. Based on the analysis, carbon can be a health indicator of Protection Forest Register 25 with the category of ugly, moderate, and good.  Cluster plots 1 and 2 included good category (1,232.75 ton C/ha -- 1744.13 ton C/ha).  As for cluster plots 3 and 4 included ugly category (209.97 ton C/ha -- 721.35 ton C/ha).

scholarly journals Quantitative analysis of nitrate and nitrite contents in vegetables commonly consumed in Delta State, Nigeria

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 902-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Onyesom ◽  
P. N. Okoh
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The State ◽  
Secondary Amines ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Nitrite Toxicity ◽  
Frequent Consumption ◽  
Nitrate And Nitrite ◽  
Talinum Triangulare

Plasma thiocyanate has been reported to be high among cassava-eating populations such as that in Nigeria because of the cyanide content of cassava. Thiocyanate, which is secreted into the stomach contents of animals, has been demonstrated to catalyse the formation of nitrosamines (potent carcinogens) in the stomach from secondary amines and nitrite. The main source of the nitrite precursor in this environment is vegetables, primarily eaten as the chief supplier of proteins. The present study attempts to analyse the levels of nitrate and nitrite in vegetables commonly grown and consumed in Delta State, Nigeria. The nitrate and nitrite contents in green vegetable (Amaranthus spp.), bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina), pumpkin (Telfaria occidentalis) and water leaf (Talinum triangulare) grown in different localities of the state were determined by standard analytical procedures. The results show that those vegetables grown in the industrialised urban centres of the state had higher nitrate (223 (sd 71) mg/kg dry weight; P<0·05) and nitrite (12·6 (sd 1·7) mg/kg dry weight; P>0·05) levels when compared with the same species (188 (sd 77) mg nitrate/kg dry weight and 10·9 (sd 1·1) mg nitrite/kg dry weight) cultivated in less industrialised suburbs. We conclude that frequent consumption of such vegetables whose nitrate and nitrite contents are high by cassava-eating individuals might put them at risk of developing stomach cancer and other possible results of nitrate and/or nitrite toxicity. In order to avoid an outbreak in our communities, appropriate agencies should monitor and regulate the release of chemicals into the environment. In the meantime, the cultivation and consumption of vegetables grown in industrialised areas of the state should be discouraged.

scholarly journals 255 Biomass and Phenolic Content of Echinacea Species Grown in Kentucky

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 435B-435
Author(s):  
Jenny Heringer Vires ◽  
Robert Geneve ◽  
Robert Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
First Year ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
The Past ◽  
Purple Coneflower ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Herbaceous Perennial

Purple coneflower, Echinacea sp. (Asteraceae), is a herbaceous perennial native to North America. Within the past decade, extensive research has been conducted to confirm echinacea's immunostimulatory, antiviral, and antibacterial benefits to humans. E. angustifolia, E. purpurea, and E. pallida are the primary species grown and studied for the herbal industry. However, there are other species and cultivars that may produce higher yields in biomass and chemical quality. The objective for this study is to evaluate the differences in biomass and phenolic content of five cultivars of E. purpurea and five species of Echinacea under Kentucky growing conditions. Differences in biomass (dry weight) of Echinacea species and cultivars harvested after the first year of growth was determined. There was a significant difference in total dry weight between E. purpurea cultivars. E. purpurea `Bright Star' and `Clio' produced significantly greater total dry weight compared to all other cultivars. There was no significant difference in root or flower biomass between cultivars. Biomass production differed between Echinacea species for root, vegetative, and flower parts. The total biomass of E. purpurea and E. tennesseensis was significantly higher compared to other species. E. pallida and E. paradoxa were not significantly different from E. purpurea in root biomass, even though both species produced less above-ground growth. E. tennesseensis produced 45% to 105% more flowers compared to other species. Differences in phenolic content between species and cultivars will also be presented.

scholarly journals Inter- and Intra-specific Variation in Growth Parameters of Ocimum Species

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1120E-1121
Author(s):  
Rao Mentreddy ◽  
Cedric Sims ◽  
Usha Devagiri ◽  
Ernst Cebert
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The United States ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Unknown Species ◽  
Ocimum Species ◽  
Rate Of Emergence ◽  
Total Dry Weight

Basils (Ocimum species) of the mint family Lamiaceae are well known for their multiple uses as culinary, aromatic, and medicinal plants worldwide. Basils are integral components of Asian and Mediterranean cuisine and are also widely used for treating diabetes and cancers. Basil has a limited acceptance as a culinary herb in the United States. The potential exists for development of culinary, medicinal, aromatic, and ornamental basil cultivars for production in the southeastern United States. In a preliminary field trial, 84 accessions belonging to six species of the genus Ocimum were evaluated for agronomic parameters in single-row plots. Wide variations exist between and within species for all agronomic traits studied. The mean percent emergence between species ranged from 60.0% for O. americanum var. americanum to 100.0% for an unknown species from Italy and O. campechianum. The aboveground fresh biomass per plant ranged from 424.0 g for O. sellol to 1450.3 g for the unknown Italian accession. The unknown Italian accession produced more branches per plant and also had the highest root, leaf, stem, and inflorescence fresh and dry weights among species. Ocimumsellol plants emerged late, had a slower rate of emergence, and produced a lower total biomass than other species. Ocimumgratissimum partitioned a greater proportion of the total dry weight to leaves (37.9%) and roots (14.4%), whereas O. basilicum. O americanum var. americanum, and O. campechianum partitioned a greater amount of dry matter to inflorescence and the least to roots than other species. In this presentation, the agronomic traits and basil cultivars with potential for ornamental and medicinal purposes will be discussed.

The Concentration of Lead in Windowpane Oyster (Placuna placenta) and Potential of Condition Index as a Morphological Biomarker to Detect Metal Pollution

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khusnul Yaqin ◽  
Liestiaty Fachruddin
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Condition Index ◽  
Filter Feeder ◽  
Monitoring Campaign ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Bio Monitoring ◽  
Sedentary Animal

As a filter feeder, windowpane oyster, Placuna placenta, which lives as a sedentary animal is very appropriate to be used as an eco-sentinel organism in marine bio-monitoring campaign.  The study of lead (Pb) content in the tissue and shell of P. placenta was conducted in coastal waters of Mandalle, Pangkajene Kepulauan District, South Sulawesi.  A hundred of oysters were collected from coastal waters of Mandalle.  Morphometry parameters which were length, high, width, and dry weight of tissue were measured in the laboratory.  Those parameters were used for determination of Condition Index (CI).  Metal was analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry.  The results showed that the contents of Pb in tissue and shell were 0.021 and 0.014 mg/kg DW (dry weight) respectively.  The concentration of Pb in tissue was not overreach by BPOM 2009 Number Hk.00.06.1.52.4011 of 1.5 mg / kg DW (dry weight).  After calculating Maximum Tolerable Intake (MTI), we found that MTI was 7.79 kg/day.  In terms of marine monitoring campaign, we can theoretically use the CI as a morphological biomarker.  After calculating the relationship between Pb in tissue and shell, we found that the value of CI was not correlated significantly with Pb content in tissue and shell.  However, the correlation coefficient between Pb in tissue and CI was stronger than that in the shell.  The potential of CI of windowpane oyster as a morphological biomarker was discussed.Keywords: Placuna placenta, lead, MTI, morphological biomarker 

scholarly journals QUANTIFICAÇÃO DE MATERIAL COMBUSTÍVEL NO SUB-BOSQUE DE UM POVOAMENTO DE Platanus x acerifolia

FLORESTA ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Scheidt Da Rosa ◽  
Mauro Valdir Schumacher ◽  
Flávio Hoelscher ◽  
Jeison Tiago Alflen ◽  
Luciano Volenhaupt Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Combustible Material ◽  
Plane Tree ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Santa Maria ◽  
Diameter Classes

O plátano (Platanus x acerifolia) tem despertado a atenção do setor moveleiro, em virtude das propriedades elásticas da madeira. Este trabalho teve por objetivo quantificar o material combustível existente no sub-bosque de um povoamento de plátano com 4,5 anos de idade, instalado em solo hidromórfico, em Santa Maria, RS. Em nove unidades amostrais, com 4 m2 cada, a biomassa combustível foi dividida em três classes de diâmetro (0,25; 1,0; 3,0 polegadas) com uso de gabarito. Cada classe foi pesada e teve uma amostra coletada e seca para determinação do peso seco total por hectare (em Mg ha-1). Não foram encontrados exemplares com diâmetro superior a 1,0 polegada. Os diâmetros até 0,25 e até 1,0 polegada corresponderam, respectivamente, a 85% (8,42 mg.ha-1) e 15% (1,52 mg.ha-1) do total de biomassa no sub-bosque do povoamento. Os valores apresentaram-se relativamente baixos, provavelmente devido ao elevado grau de hidromorfia do solo na área. QUANTIFICATION OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL IN THE SUB-FOREST OF A Platanus x acerifolia SETTLEMENT Abstract The plane tree (Platanus x acerifolia) has been interesting for the furniture section, because of the elastic properties of the wood. This work had as objective to quantify the existent combustible material in the sub-forest of a 4,5 years old plane tree settlement, installed in hydromorfic soil, in Santa Maria, RS. In nine samples units, with 4 m² each, the combustible biomass was divided in three diameter classes (0,25; 1,0; 3,0 inches) with form use. Each class was weight and the samples were collected for the determination of the total dry weight in an hectare (mg.ha-1), individuals with a diameter superior to 1,0 inch weren’t find. The diameters up to 0,25 and up to 1,0 inch they corresponded, respectively, to 85% (8,42 mg.ha-1) and 15% (1,52 mg.ha-1) of the total biomass in the sub-forest of the settlement. The values seemed to be relatively low, probably due to the hydromorfic level of the soil in the studied area.

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