scholarly journals DEFINICIÓN DE LA ÉPOCA DE INCENDIOS FORESTALES EN UN CONTEXTO MULTIVARIADO

FLORESTA ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Pedro Ramos Rodríguez ◽  
Yudisnelvis González Menzonet
Keyword(s):  
Fire History ◽  
Fire Management ◽  
Fire Season ◽  
Fire Statistics ◽  
Area Burned ◽  
Forest Fire Management ◽  
Santiago De Cuba ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Del Rio

En este trabajo se presenta un acercamiento a la definición de la época de incendios forestales en un contexto multivariado como contribución a la planificación del manejo de los mismos. El método se basa en seleccionar las variables que expresen el comportamiento histórico de los incendios cada mes durante un periodo de años determinado. Entre estas variables se encuentran la densidad de incendios y la densidad de afectaciones, la media y la mediana del área quemada por incendio, el número de grandes incendios y la máxima área quemada por un incendio. Usando sistemas estadísticos pueden agruparse los meses con técnicas de análisis de cluster y la época de incendio puede ser definida. El método se aplicó en las provincias Santiago de Cuba y Pinar del Río, ubicadas en las regiones oriental y occidental de Cuba respectivamente. Se utilizaron estadísticas de incendios del periodo 1997 - 2002. DEFINITION OF THE FIRE SEASON IN A MULTIVARIATE CONTEXT Abstract In this work an approach to the definition of the fire season in a multivariate context is presented. It is a contribution to the forest fire management. The method is based on selecting the variables that express the fire history every month during a certain period of years. Among these variables there are the density of fires and the density of affectations, the mean and median of the area burned by fire, the number of big fires and the maximum area burned by a fire. To group the months is used the cluster analysis technical and it allows to define the fire season. The method was applied in the provinces of Santiago de Cuba and Pinar del Río, located in the regions oriental and western of Cuba respectively. Fire statistics from the period 1997/2002 were used.

Fire Management of Rangelands in the Kimberley Low-Rainfall Zone: a Review.

1999 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
AB Craig
Keyword(s):  
Fire History ◽  
Fire Management ◽  
Fire Regime ◽  
Fire Regimes ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
Fire Behaviour ◽  
General Management ◽  
Noaa Avhrr ◽  
Local Experience ◽  
Definition Of

This paper examines a range of environmental, research and practical issues affecting fire management of pastoral lands in the southern part of the Kimberley region in Western Australia. Although spinifex grasslands dominate most leases, smaller areas of more productive pastures are crucially important to many enterprises. There is a lack of local documentation of burning practices during traditional Aboriginal occupation; general features of the fire regime at that time can be suggested on the basis of information from other inland areas. Definition of current tire regimes is improving through interpretation of NOAA-AVHRR satellite imagery. Irregular extensive wildfires appear to dominate, although this should be confirmed by further accumulation, validation and analysis of fire history data. While these fires cause ma,jor difficulties. controlled burn~ng is a necessary part of station management. Although general management guidelines have been published. local research into tire-grazing effects has been very limited. For spinifex pastures, reconimendations are generally consistent with those applying elsewhere in northern Australia. They favour periodic burning of mature spinifex late in the year, before or shortly after the arrival of the first rains, with deferment of grazing. At that time. days of high fire danger may still be expected and prediction of fire behaviour is critical to burning decisions. Early dry-season burning is also required for creating protective tire breaks and to prepare for burning later in the year. Further development of tools for predicting fire behaviour, suited to the discontinuous fuels characteristic of the area, would be warranted. A range of questions concerning the timing and spatial pattern of burning, control of post-fire grazing, and the economics of fire management, should be addressed as resources permit. This can be done through a combination of opportunistic studies, modelling and documentation of local experience. The development of an expert system should be considered to assist in planning and conducting burning activities. Key words: Kimberley, fire regimes, fire management, pastoralism, spinifex

scholarly journals Calorific Value of Leaves of Selected Dipterocarp Trees Species in Piah Forest Reserve, Perak

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-134
Author(s):  
Dayang Nur Sakinah Musa ◽  
Ahmad Ainuddin Nuruddin
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fire ◽  
Fire Management ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Forest Fire Management ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Shorea Leprosula

Information on calorific value is very important factor in fuel evaluation. The objective of the study was to investigate the calorific values of the leaves of five (5) selected trees species of dipterocarp in Piah Forest Reserve, Perak, Malaysia. The species are Hopea sp., Shorea parvifolia, Shorea leprosula, Shorea macroptera and Dipterocarpus sp. The calorific values were determined using the Adiabatic Bomb Calorimeter. The difference of calorific value between the five species were also examined. It was found that, the mean calorific value for the dipterocarp species were within the range of 4041.28 Cal g-1 to 4820.78 Cal g-1. The leaves of the Shorea macroptera contain higher calorific value compared to other four species. The findings will be useful in the preparation of forest fire management plan, and also in the development of bioenergy project of wood-based biomass from forest species.

Simulation analysis of the impact of ignitions, rekindles, and false alarms on forest fire suppression

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abílio P. Pacheco ◽  
João Claro ◽  
Tiago Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fire ◽  
Fire Management ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Fire Suppression ◽  
Discrete Event ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Fire Season ◽  
False Alarms ◽  
Forest Fire Management ◽  
The Impact

Rekindles and false alarms are phenomena that have a significant presence in the Portuguese forest fire management system and an important impact on suppression resources in particular and fire management resources in general. In this paper, we propose a discrete-event simulation model of a forest fire suppression system designed to analyze the joint impact of ignitions, rekindles, and false alarms on the performance of the system. The model is applied to a case study of the district of Porto, Portugal, for the critical period of the forest fire season, between July and September 2010. We study the behavior of the system’s point of collapse, comparing the real base scenario with a benchmark scenario built with reference values for rekindles and false alarms, and also as a function of the number of fire incidents, considering historical variations. The results of the analysis are useful for operational decision-making and provide relevant information on the trade-off between prevention and suppression efforts.

Land Zoning Based on Fire History

1997 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 249 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Bovio ◽  
A Camia
Keyword(s):  
Fire History ◽  
Fire Management ◽  
Fire Frequency ◽  
Basic Unit ◽  
Spread Rate ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Area Burned ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Fire Planning

An approach to land zoning for fire planning purposes through classification of geographical units referred to as Basic Units - in a multivariate context is proposed. The method, developed for large areas, employs a few statistics computed from historical fire data, that were selected with the aim of depicting a ''fire history profile'' of each Basic Unit. The statistics were chosen in order to describe different aspects, such as fire frequency, fire continuity, average and maximum area burned and average area spread rate of fires. Using the computed statistics as variables, the Basic Units can be aggregated with cluster analysis techniques and classes can be defined, each class of Basic Units representing a land zone with a specific mean fire history profile. Fire management decisions can be tailored according to the properties of clusters. The method was successfully applied for supporting fire management plans in two Regions of Northern Italy, where the Basic Units were chosen with an administrative criterion.

scholarly journals A Subjective Measure of Forest Fire Management Effectiveness

1978 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Martell
Keyword(s):  
Lower Bound ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Fire Management ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Subjective Measure ◽  
Management Effectiveness ◽  
Area Burned ◽  
Forest Fire Management ◽  
Subjective Estimates

The effectiveness of forest fire management systems is usually expressed in terms of loss; namely money spent, area burned and property destroyed. The author describes a method of estimating a lower bound for the monetary benefits of fire management efforts. A measure of effectiveness based on dollars spent, together with subjective estimates concerning the dollar value of timber and property saved, is proposed as a supplement to traditional measures of fire management effectiveness.

scholarly journals Introducing Spatially Distributed Fire Danger from Earth Observations (FDEO) Using Satellite-Based Data in the Contiguous United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Farahmand ◽  
E. Natasha Stavros ◽  
John T. Reager ◽  
Ali Behrangi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Lead Time ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Fire Management ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fire Danger ◽  
Fire Season ◽  
Earth Observations ◽  
Area Burned ◽  
Spatially Distributed

Wildfire danger assessment is essential for operational allocation of fire management resources; with longer lead prediction, the more efficiently can resources be allocated regionally. Traditional studies focus on meteorological forecasts and fire danger index models (e.g., National Fire Danger Rating System—NFDRS) for predicting fire danger. Meteorological forecasts, however, lose accuracy beyond ~10 days; as such, there is no quantifiable method for predicting fire danger beyond 10 days. While some recent studies have statistically related hydrologic parameters and past wildfire area burned or occurrence to fire, no study has used these parameters to develop a monthly spatially distributed predictive model in the contiguous United States. Thus, the objective of this study is to introduce Fire Danger from Earth Observations (FDEO), which uses satellite data over the contiguous United States (CONUS) to enable two-month lead time prediction of wildfire danger, a sufficient lead time for planning purposes and relocating resources. In this study, we use satellite observations of land cover type, vapor pressure deficit, surface soil moisture, and the enhanced vegetation index, together with the United States Forest Service (USFS) verified and validated fire database (FPA) to develop spatially gridded probabilistic predictions of fire danger, defined as expected area burned as a deviation from “normal”. The results show that the model predicts spatial patterns of fire danger with 52% overall accuracy over the 2004–2013 record, and up to 75% overall accuracy during the fire season. Overall accuracy is defined as number of pixels with correctly predicted fire probability classes divided by the total number of the studied pixels. This overall accuracy is the first quantified result of two-month lead prediction of fire danger and demonstrates the potential utility of using diverse observational data sets for use in operational fire management resource allocation in the CONUS.

scholarly journals COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE O PERFIL DOS INCÊNDIOS FLORESTAIS DE MONTE ALEGRE, BRASIL, E DE PINAR DEL RÍO, CUBA

FLORESTA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Pedro Ramos Rodríguez ◽  
Ronaldo Viana Soares ◽  
Antonio Carlos Batista ◽  
Alexandre França Tetto ◽  
Luis Wilfredo Martínez Becerra
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
Fire History ◽  
Fire Season ◽  
Burned Area ◽  
Fire Occurrence ◽  
Fire Control ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distributions ◽  
Del Rio ◽  
Pinus Spp ◽  
Control Service

 É importante se determinar onde, quando e porque ocorrem os incêndios florestais, com vistas a estruturar os serviços de prevenção e combate dentro de limites economicamente viáveis. Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida com o objetivo de comparar o comportamento histórico dos incêndios florestais ocorridos no período de 2002 a 2011 no Distrito Florestal de Monte Alegre, estado do Paraná, Brasil, e nas empresas florestais da Província de Pinar del Río, Cuba. Foram consideradas as distribuições temporal e espacial dos incêndios, tendo sido analisada também a eficiência do serviço de proteção. Os registros de ocorrência de incêndios foram fornecidos pela Klabin S/A e pelo Corpo de Guardabosques de Pinar del Río. Os resultados mostraram um maior número de ocorrências e uma menor área queimada em Monte Alegre. Os incêndios se concentraram nos meses de agosto a outubro (77,97% do total) em Monte Alegre e de março a maio (86,80%) em Pinar del Río. A cobertura vegetal mais afetada nas duas regiões foi “Pinus spp.” e a principal causa foi “incendiário” (71,66% do total) em Monte Alegre e “raios” (39,26%) em Pinar del Río. Conclui-se que há uma similaridade no perfil dos incêndios para os dois lugares, com exceção da época de incêndios.Palavras-chave: Estatísticas de incêndios; época de incêndios; prevenção de incêndios. AbstractComparison between the forest fires statistics in Monte Alegre, Brazil, and Pinar del Río, Cuba. It is important to determine where, when and why forest fires occur in order to structure the prevention and suppression within economically viable limits. This research was developed in order to compare the historical behavior of forest fires in the period 2002 to 2011 in the Forest District of Monte Alegre, Paraná State, Brazil, and forestry companies in the province of Pinar del Río, Cuba. Spatial and temporal distributions of fire occurrence were considered and the efficiency of fire control service was analyzed. Records of fire occurrence were provided by Klabin S/A and the Forest Department of Pinar del Río. The results revealed a higher number of occurrences and a lower burned area in Monte Alegre. The fires were concentrated from the month of August to October (77.97% of total) in Monte Alegre and March-May (86.80%) in Pinar del Río. The most affected vegetation in both regions was "Pinus spp" and the main cause of the occurrence was "incendiary" (71.66% of total) in Monte Alegre and "lightning" (39.26%) in Pinar del Río. There was a similarity in the fire profile for the two regions, except in the fire season.Keywords: Fire statistics; fire history; fire season; fire prevention.

scholarly journals ANÁLISIS COMPARATIVO ENTRE LOS INCENDIOS FORESTALES EN MONTE ALEGRE, BRASIL Y PINAR DEL RÍO, CUBA

FLORESTA ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Pedro Ramos Rodríguez ◽  
Ronaldo Viana Soares
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Fire History ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Fire Season ◽  
Space Groups ◽  
Global Problem ◽  
South Of Brazil ◽  
Del Rio ◽  
Forest District

Los incendios forestales son hoy día un problema global. No obstante, en todos los casos, surgen y se desarrollan mostrando determinadas regularidades impuestas en lo fundamental por las condiciones meteorológicas, el combustible, las causas de su origen y la topografía. Comprender estas regularidades ayuda a entender el fenómeno para planificar su manejo. En este trabajo se hace un análisis comparativo del comportamiento histórico de los incendios forestales ocurridos de 1998 al 2001 en el Distrito Forestal de Monte Alegre, Estado de Paraná, sur de Brasil y en las Empresas Forestales de la Provincia de Pinar del Río, Cuba. Se ha considerado la distribución temporal - años, meses, horas, días de la semana - y espacial - grupos de especies, clases de bosque - de los incendios. También se analizaron las causas y algunos indicadores que muestran la eficiencia del servicio de protección. Se han obtenido resultados similares en ambos lugares, excepto para la época de incendios. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AMONG THE FOREST FIRES IN MONTE ALEGRE, BRASIL Y PINAR DEL RÍO, CUBA Abstract Nowadays the forest fires are a global problem. Nevertheless, in all cases, they arise and they are developed showing certain regularities imposed in the fundamental thing by the meteorological conditions, the fuel, the causes of their origin and the topography. To understand these regularities help to get the phenomenon to planning their management. In this work a comparative analysis of the fire history is made since 1998 to 2001 in the Forest District of Monte Alegre, State of Paraná, south of Brazil and in the Forest Companies of the province of Pinar del Río, Cuba. It has been considered the temporary distribution - years, months, hours, days of week - and space - groups of species, forest classes - of the fires. Also there have been analysed the causes and some indicators that show the efficiency of the protection service. Similar results have been obtained in both places, except for the fire season.

Reply—A re-examination of the effects of fire suppression in the boreal forest

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 1467-1480 ◽  
Author(s):  
P C Ward ◽  
A G Tithecott ◽  
B M Wotton
Keyword(s):  
Fire History ◽  
Fire Management ◽  
Forest Disturbance ◽  
Fire Suppression ◽  
Fire Disturbance ◽  
Fire Size ◽  
Area Burned ◽  
Return Interval ◽  
The Past ◽  
Northwestern Ontario

Ward and Tithecott (P.C. Ward and A.G. Tithecott. 1993. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Aviation, Flood and Fire Management Branch, Publ. 305) presented data that indicated fire suppression activities in Ontario led to reductions in average annual area burned and greater numbers of small fires, compared with what would have been observed in the absence of suppression. Miyanishi and Johnson (K. Miyanishi and E.A. Johnson. 2001. Can. J. For. Res. 31: 1462–1466) have questioned aspects of that report, suggesting that the evidence does not demonstrate that suppression influences fire size or frequency. Fire-history studies in Ontario's forests and recent fire disturbance records do show that the fire-return interval has lengthened considerably in Ontario's protected forest since pre-suppression times. Analysis of forest inventory age-class distributions also reflect a reduction in overall forest disturbance rates in the past 40 years. Average annual burn fractions (ABF) calculated for protected and unprotected forests in northwestern Ontario for the period 1976-2000 show an ABF of 1.11% in the unprotected forest and only 0.34% in the protected forest. There is clear evidence that fire suppression in Ontario contains many fires at small sizes that would have otherwise grown to larger sizes, and reduces the overall average annual area burned in the protected forest.

Hours of Sunshine and Fire Season Severity over the Vancouver Forest District

1970 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Turner
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Fire Season ◽  
Fire Statistics ◽  
Weather Index ◽  
Area Burned ◽  
Simple Index ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Forest District

The accumulated hours of bright sunshine provide a simple index of fire season severity for the southern coastal area of British Columbia. This index, based on the period May 1 to August 31, is highly correlated with the annual acreage burned over the Vancouver Forest District.By removing that part of the year-by-year deviation in area burned which can be attributed to variations in this weather index, it is possible to see more clearly the effects of other controls on the annual fire load.The existence of appreciable fluctuations of summer sunshine over periods of the order of decades would suggest that 10-year averages of fire statistics are not long enough to be independent of the effects of weather.

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