Relationships among continuing bonds, attachment style, marital relationship and adjustment in the conjugally bereaved

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuk-fong, Ide Chan
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Style ◽  
Marital Relationship ◽  
Continuing Bonds ◽  
Conjugally Bereaved

Comforting Versus Distressing Dreams of the Deceased: Relations to Grief, Trauma, Attachment, Continuing Bonds, and Post-Dream Reactions

2020 ◽  
pp. 003022282090385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Black ◽  
Kathryn Belicki ◽  
Robert Piro ◽  
Hannah Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Style ◽  
Romantic Partner ◽  
Continuing Bonds ◽  
Posttraumatic Symptoms ◽  
Continuing Bond ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

Why are some dreams of the deceased experienced as comforting, while others are distressing? We propose that there are different types of dreams serving diverse functions. In particular, we considered three: processing trauma, maintaining a continuing bond, and regulating emotion. We also examined the impact of post-dream reactions on the bereaved’s experience of their dreams. Participants were 216 individuals whose romantic partner or spouse had died. They provided reports of dreams of the deceased that were content analyzed and completed measures of grief intensity, posttraumatic symptoms, attachment style, internalized versus externalized continuing bonds, as well as questions about the death, and ratings of how they experienced the dream after awakening. Support was found for the three proposed functions, suggesting dreams of the deceased can actively facilitate adjustment to bereavement. In addition, there was evidence that post-dream reactions can impact both the perception of the dream and grief.

Attachment in Coping with Bereavement: A Theoretical Integration

2005 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Stroebe ◽  
Henk Schut ◽  
Wolfgang Stroebe
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Theory ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Insecure Attachment ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Continuing Bonds ◽  
Dual Process Model ◽  
Cognitive Stress

Researchers have deplored shortcomings in theoretically based models of coping with bereavement. Integration of cognitive stress with attachment theory is proposed to predict adjustment to bereavement, describe different forms of effective coping, and resolve ongoing debates about continuing versus relinquishing bonds. These 2 generic approaches are integrated within a bereavement-specific perspective, the dual-process model of coping ( Stroebe & Schut, 1999 ). Accordingly, (a) different coping styles are adopted by, and are differentially efficacious for, bereaved people according to their style of attachment; (b) bereaved people's ways of continuing bonds differ according to their attachment style; and (c) grief complications are associated with insecure attachment styles. The authors conclude that it is better for some bereaved individuals to work toward retaining ties and for others to work toward loosening ties.

Attachment and the Experience of Grief Following the Loss of a Spouse

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracey D. Waskowic ◽  
Brian M. Chartier
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Theory ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Death Anxiety ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Continuing Bonds ◽  
Grief Reaction ◽  
Socially Isolated ◽  
The Relationship

Numerous studies have been conducted in the areas of attachment theory and grief. There is, however, very little research that explores the possible connection between attachment and grief. The present study examines the relationship between an adult's attachment style (i.e., secure or insecure) and an individual's experience of grief after the loss of a spouse. Seventy-seven widows and widowers completed a questionnaire package consisting of the Relationship Scales Questionnaire (Griffin & Bartholomew, 1994), the Grief Experience Inventory (Sanders, Mauger, & Strong, 1985a), and the Continuing Bonds Scale (Grund, 1998). Differences between participants who were secure in attachment to their spouse and those insecure in attachment (which includes preoccupied, dismissing, and fearful) were examined on the Grief Experience Inventory and the Continuing Bonds Scale. Findings revealed differences between securely and insecurely attached widowed people on subscales of the Grief Experience Inventory. In particular, securely attached people were less angry, less socially isolated, less guilty, had less death anxiety, less somatic symptoms, less despair, less depersonalization, and ruminated less than insecurely attached people. Analysis of the Continuing Bonds subscales revealed significant differences between secure and insecure attachments such that secure people scored higher on Interchanges with the Deceased, as well as Reminiscing about the Deceased, than insecure people. Taken as a whole, the results seem to indicate that attachment style has an affect on one's grief reaction.

Effects of Suspicion and Attachment Style on the Marital Relationship

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kendra M. Gilliland ◽  
Tiffany Slone ◽  
Michele Acker
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Style ◽  
Marital Relationship

Continuing Bonds, Attachment Style, and Adjustment in the Conjugal Bereavement Among Hong Kong Chinese

Death Studies ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel M. Y. Ho ◽  
Ide S. F. Chan ◽  
Ernie P. W. Ma ◽  
Nigel P. Field
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Hong Kong Chinese ◽  
Continuing Bonds ◽  
Conjugal Bereavement

Bindungsstile bei Probanden mit pathologischem Internetgebrauch

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Maren Greschner ◽  
Jörg Michael Müller ◽  
Katajun Lindenberg ◽  
Corinna Reck ◽  
Georg Romer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Style ◽  
Internet Addiction

Zusammenfassung. Zielsetzung: In der Entstehung von pathologischem Internetgebrauch (PIG) wird diskutiert, ob das Internetverhalten als Surrogat zur Befriedigung von Bindungsbedürfnissen dienen kann. Dabei wird angenommen, dass die unerfüllten Bindungsbedürfnisse aus unsicheren Bindungsstilen resultieren. Die vorliegende Pilotstudie untersuchte den Zusammenhang zwischen PIG und Bindungsstilen. Methodik: Bei 10 Probanden mit PIG und 10 Probanden einer geschlechts-, alters- und bildungsgematchten Kontrollgruppe erfolgte erstmals eine interviewgestützte Erhebung des Bindungssystems mit dem Attachment Style Interview durch zwei geschulte Rater. Die Definition des PIG erfolgte kategorial mit dem Internetsucht-Interview (Distinguishing Characteristics of Internet Addiction) und dimensional durch die Skalen zum Onlinesucht- und Computerspielverhalten. Ergebnis: Probanden mit PIG wiesen signifikant häufiger unsichere und desorganisierte sowie seltener sichere Bindungsstile auf als gesunde Kontrollprobanden [χ²(2) = 7.505; p = .023]. Schlussfolgerung: Unsichere und desorganisierte Bindungsstile sollten in der multifaktoriellen Ätiopathogenese des PIG als Risikofaktor berücksichtigt werden.

Effects of Attachment Styles on the Experience of Equity in Heterosexual Couples Relationships

2003 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 298-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ina Grau ◽  
Jörg Doll
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Theory ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Heterosexual Couples ◽  
Secure Attachment ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Equity Ratio

Abstract. Employing one correlational and two experimental studies, this paper examines the influence of attachment styles (secure, anxious, avoidant) on a person’s experience of equity in intimate relationships. While one experimental study employed a priming technique to stimulate the different attachment styles, the other involved vignettes describing fictitious characters with typical attachment styles. As the specific hypotheses about the single equity components have been developed on the basis of the attachment theory, the equity ratio itself and the four equity components (own outcome, own input, partner’s outcome, partner’s input) are analyzed as dependent variables. While partners with a secure attachment style tend to describe their relationship as equitable (i.e., they give and take extensively), partners who feel anxious about their relationship generally see themselves as being in an inequitable, disadvantaged position (i.e., they receive little from their partner). The hypothesis that avoidant partners would feel advantaged as they were less committed was only supported by the correlational study. Against expectations, the results of both experiments indicate that avoidant partners generally see themselves (or see avoidant vignettes) as being treated equitably, but that there is less emotional exchange than is the case with secure partners. Avoidant partners give and take less than secure ones.

Emotions Under the Skin

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 161-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catarina Silva ◽  
Ana Cláudia Ferreira ◽  
Isabel Soares ◽  
Francisco Esteves
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Style ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
The Other ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Physiological Reactivity ◽  
Emotional Stimuli ◽  
Skin Conductance Responses ◽  
Lower Accuracy ◽  
Emotional Pictures ◽  
Valence And Arousal

Abstract. The present study examined physiological reactivity to emotional stimuli as a function of attachment style. Skin conductance responses (SCRs) and heart rate (HR) changes were simultaneously recorded while participants engaged in a visual attentional task. The task included positive, neutral, and negative emotional pictures, and required the identification of a target (neutral picture rotated 90° to the left or right), among a stream of pictures in which an emotional distracter (positive or negative) was presented. Participants additionally rated each of the emotional distracters for valence and arousal. Behavioral results on the attentional task showed that positive pictures facilitated overall target detection for all participants, compared to negative and neutral pictures, and that anxiously attached participants had significantly lower accuracy scores, relative to the other groups. Affective ratings indicated that positive pictures were rated as being more pleasant than negative ones, although no differences were found in HR changes to picture valence. In contrast, negative pictures were evaluated as being highly arousing. Consistent with this, negative pictures elicited larger SCRs in both insecure anxious and avoidant groups, especially for the anxious while the secure group showed SCRs unaffected by stimuli’s arousal. Present results show that individuals with different attachment styles reveal distinct patterns of attentional bias, appraisal, and physiological reactivity toward emotionally arousing stimuli. These findings further highlight the regulatory function of the attachment system.

Psychological Adjustment of Melanoma Survivors

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Hamama-Raz ◽  
Z. Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Psychological Adjustment ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Cognitive Appraisal ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Personal Resources ◽  
Secure Attachment ◽  
Ample Evidence

The study examines the contributions of hardiness, attachment style, and cognitive appraisal to the psychological adjustment of 300 survivors of malignant melanoma: The findings show that the survivors' adjustment is by far better predicted by their personal resources and cognitive appraisal than by their sociodemographic features (with the exception of marital status) and features of their illness. Of all the variables, their adjustment was best predicted by their attachment style, with secure attachment making for greater well-being and less distress. These findings add to the ample evidence that personal resources help persons to cope with stressful or traumatic events.

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