Impact of fearful attachment style on nightmares and disturbed sleep in psychiatric inpatients.

Dreaming ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-179
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Reed ◽  
Katrina A. Rufino
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Style ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatients ◽  
Disturbed Sleep

Attachment style and suicide behaviors in high risk psychiatric inpatients following hospital discharge: The mediating role of entrapment

2017 ◽  
Vol 257 ◽  
pp. 309-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Li ◽  
Igor I. Galynker ◽  
Jessica Briggs ◽  
Molly Duffy ◽  
Anna Frechette-Hagan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatients ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Suicide Behaviors

Substance Abuse in Older Psychiatric Inpatients

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tilman Wetterling ◽  
Klaus Junghanns
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Substance Abusers ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatient ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatients ◽  
Severe Withdrawal ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatient Treatment ◽  
Clinical Diagnoses ◽  
Multiple Substance ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Substance Abuse Disorders

Abstract. Aim: This study investigates the characteristics of older patients with substance abuse disorders admitted to a psychiatric department serving about 250.000 inhabitants. Methods: The clinical diagnoses were made according to ICD-10. The data of the patients with substance abuse were compared to a matched sample of psychiatric inpatients without substance abuse as well as to a group of former substance abusers with long-term abstinence. Results: 19.3 % of the 941 patients aged > 65 years showed current substance abuse, 9.4 % consumed alcohol, 7.9 % took benzodiazepines or z-drugs (zolpidem and zopiclone), and 7.0 % smoked tobacco. Multiple substance abuse was rather common (30.8 %). About 85 % of the substance abusers had psychiatric comorbidity, and about 30 % showed severe withdrawal symptoms. As with the rest of the patients, somatic multimorbidity was present in about 70 % of the substance abusers. Remarkable was the lower rate of dementia in current substance abusers. Conclusion: These results underscore that substance abuse is still a challenge in the psychiatric inpatient treatment of older people.

Bindungsstile bei Probanden mit pathologischem Internetgebrauch

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Maren Greschner ◽  
Jörg Michael Müller ◽  
Katajun Lindenberg ◽  
Corinna Reck ◽  
Georg Romer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Style ◽  
Internet Addiction

Zusammenfassung. Zielsetzung: In der Entstehung von pathologischem Internetgebrauch (PIG) wird diskutiert, ob das Internetverhalten als Surrogat zur Befriedigung von Bindungsbedürfnissen dienen kann. Dabei wird angenommen, dass die unerfüllten Bindungsbedürfnisse aus unsicheren Bindungsstilen resultieren. Die vorliegende Pilotstudie untersuchte den Zusammenhang zwischen PIG und Bindungsstilen. Methodik: Bei 10 Probanden mit PIG und 10 Probanden einer geschlechts-, alters- und bildungsgematchten Kontrollgruppe erfolgte erstmals eine interviewgestützte Erhebung des Bindungssystems mit dem Attachment Style Interview durch zwei geschulte Rater. Die Definition des PIG erfolgte kategorial mit dem Internetsucht-Interview (Distinguishing Characteristics of Internet Addiction) und dimensional durch die Skalen zum Onlinesucht- und Computerspielverhalten. Ergebnis: Probanden mit PIG wiesen signifikant häufiger unsichere und desorganisierte sowie seltener sichere Bindungsstile auf als gesunde Kontrollprobanden [χ²(2) = 7.505; p = .023]. Schlussfolgerung: Unsichere und desorganisierte Bindungsstile sollten in der multifaktoriellen Ätiopathogenese des PIG als Risikofaktor berücksichtigt werden.

Effects of Attachment Styles on the Experience of Equity in Heterosexual Couples Relationships

2003 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 298-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ina Grau ◽  
Jörg Doll
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Theory ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Heterosexual Couples ◽  
Secure Attachment ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Equity Ratio

Abstract. Employing one correlational and two experimental studies, this paper examines the influence of attachment styles (secure, anxious, avoidant) on a person’s experience of equity in intimate relationships. While one experimental study employed a priming technique to stimulate the different attachment styles, the other involved vignettes describing fictitious characters with typical attachment styles. As the specific hypotheses about the single equity components have been developed on the basis of the attachment theory, the equity ratio itself and the four equity components (own outcome, own input, partner’s outcome, partner’s input) are analyzed as dependent variables. While partners with a secure attachment style tend to describe their relationship as equitable (i.e., they give and take extensively), partners who feel anxious about their relationship generally see themselves as being in an inequitable, disadvantaged position (i.e., they receive little from their partner). The hypothesis that avoidant partners would feel advantaged as they were less committed was only supported by the correlational study. Against expectations, the results of both experiments indicate that avoidant partners generally see themselves (or see avoidant vignettes) as being treated equitably, but that there is less emotional exchange than is the case with secure partners. Avoidant partners give and take less than secure ones.

Presence and Persistence of Sleep-Related Symptoms and Suicidal Ideation in Psychiatric Inpatients

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 398-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Nadorff ◽  
Thomas E. Ellis ◽  
Jon G. Allen ◽  
E. Samuel Winer ◽  
Steve Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Inpatient Treatment ◽  
Improve Method ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatients ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Treatment Termination ◽  
Suicidal Patients ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Although sleep is an important risk factor for suicidal behavior, research has yet to examine the association between sleep problems and suicidality across the course of inpatient treatment. This study examined the relationship among sleep-related symptoms and suicidal ideation across inpatient treatment. Aims: To examine whether poor sleep at admission longitudinally predicts less improvement in suicidal ideation over the course of treatment. Further, to examine whether suicidal ideation is reduced in patients whose sleep does not improve. Method: The study utilized the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)-II, which contains items measuring depressive symptoms, sleep-related symptoms, and suicidal ideation. The study sample consisted of 1,529 adult psychiatric inpatients. Patients were assessed at admission, biweekly, and at treatment termination. Results: Admission fatigue, loss of energy, and change in sleep pattern were associated with higher levels of suicidal ideation at admission and discharge. Fatigue at admission predicted suicidal ideation at termination independent of admission depression and suicidal ideation. Individuals whose sleep did not improve over the course of treatment had significantly higher suicidal ideation scores at termination relative to those whose sleep symptoms improved, after controlling for sleep, depression, and suicidal ideation scores at admission. Conclusion: These findings suggest that persistence of sleep-related symptoms warrants clinical attention in the treatment of suicidal patients.

Emotions Under the Skin

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 161-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catarina Silva ◽  
Ana Cláudia Ferreira ◽  
Isabel Soares ◽  
Francisco Esteves
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Style ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
The Other ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Physiological Reactivity ◽  
Emotional Stimuli ◽  
Skin Conductance Responses ◽  
Lower Accuracy ◽  
Emotional Pictures ◽  
Valence And Arousal

Abstract. The present study examined physiological reactivity to emotional stimuli as a function of attachment style. Skin conductance responses (SCRs) and heart rate (HR) changes were simultaneously recorded while participants engaged in a visual attentional task. The task included positive, neutral, and negative emotional pictures, and required the identification of a target (neutral picture rotated 90° to the left or right), among a stream of pictures in which an emotional distracter (positive or negative) was presented. Participants additionally rated each of the emotional distracters for valence and arousal. Behavioral results on the attentional task showed that positive pictures facilitated overall target detection for all participants, compared to negative and neutral pictures, and that anxiously attached participants had significantly lower accuracy scores, relative to the other groups. Affective ratings indicated that positive pictures were rated as being more pleasant than negative ones, although no differences were found in HR changes to picture valence. In contrast, negative pictures were evaluated as being highly arousing. Consistent with this, negative pictures elicited larger SCRs in both insecure anxious and avoidant groups, especially for the anxious while the secure group showed SCRs unaffected by stimuli’s arousal. Present results show that individuals with different attachment styles reveal distinct patterns of attentional bias, appraisal, and physiological reactivity toward emotionally arousing stimuli. These findings further highlight the regulatory function of the attachment system.

Emotion-Oriented Coping Style Predicts Self-Harm in Response to Acute Psychiatric Hospitalization

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jacqueline M. Frei ◽  
Vladimir Sazhin ◽  
Melissa Fick ◽  
Keong Yap
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitalization ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatients ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Coping Behaviors ◽  
Self Harm

Abstract. Psychiatric hospitalization can cause significant distress for patients. Research has shown that to cope with the stress, patients sometimes resort to self-harm. Given the paucity of research on self-harm among psychiatric inpatients, a better understanding of transdiagnostic processes as predictors of self-harm during psychiatric hospitalization is needed. The current study examined whether coping styles predicted self-harm after controlling for commonly associated factors, such as age, gender, and borderline personality disorder. Participants were 72 patients (mean age = 39.32 years, SD = 12.29, 64% male) admitted for inpatient treatment at a public psychiatric hospital in Sydney, Australia. Participants completed self-report measures of coping styles and ward-specific coping behaviors, including self-harm, in relation to coping with the stress of acute hospitalization. Results showed that younger age, diagnosis of borderline personality disorder, and higher emotion-oriented coping were associated with self-harm. After controlling for age and borderline personality disorder, higher levels of emotion-oriented coping were found to be a significant predictor of self-harm. Findings were partially consistent with hypotheses; emotion-oriented but not avoidance-oriented coping significantly predicted self-harm. This finding may help to identify and provide psychiatric inpatients who are at risk of self-harm with appropriate therapeutic interventions.

Psychological Adjustment of Melanoma Survivors

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Hamama-Raz ◽  
Z. Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Psychological Adjustment ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Cognitive Appraisal ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Personal Resources ◽  
Secure Attachment ◽  
Ample Evidence

The study examines the contributions of hardiness, attachment style, and cognitive appraisal to the psychological adjustment of 300 survivors of malignant melanoma: The findings show that the survivors' adjustment is by far better predicted by their personal resources and cognitive appraisal than by their sociodemographic features (with the exception of marital status) and features of their illness. Of all the variables, their adjustment was best predicted by their attachment style, with secure attachment making for greater well-being and less distress. These findings add to the ample evidence that personal resources help persons to cope with stressful or traumatic events.

Attachment Style Predicts Domestic Violence

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Holtzworth-Munroe ◽  
G. L. Stuart ◽  
G. Hutchinson
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Attachment Style
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