Use of Compounded Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) for Adrenal Function Testing in Dogs

2005 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 368-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Kemppainen ◽  
Ellen N. Behrend ◽  
Katherine A. Busch
Keyword(s):  
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Adrenal Function ◽  
Similar Magnitude ◽  
Healthy Dogs ◽  
Function Testing

Serum cortisol concentrations were measured in five healthy dogs in response to five adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) preparations. Cortisol concentrations were similar at time 0 (pre-ACTH) and at 30 and 60 minutes after injection of all forms of ACTH. However, at 90 and 120 minutes post-ACTH, serum cortisol concentrations were significantly lower following injection of two compounded forms of ACTH. The data showed that injection of four compounded forms of ACTH caused elevations in serum cortisol concentrations of a similar magnitude as cosyntropin in samples collected 60 minutes after administration; but concentrations at later times varied, depending on the type of ACTH used.

scholarly journals NON-RADIOMETRIC IMMUNOASSAYS [FLUOROIMMUNOASSAY (FIA) AND FLUOROMETRIC ENZYME IMMUNOASSAY (FEIA)] WITH RADIOIMMUNOASSAY (RIA) FOR EVALUATION OF ADRENAL FUNCTION IN NORMAL AND HYPERCORTISOLEMIC DOGS

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia Marques Jericó ◽  
Berenice Bilharino de Mendonça ◽  
Mary Otsuka ◽  
Aristides Maganin Jr ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Larsson
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Adrenal Function ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Function Evaluation ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Basal Cortisol ◽  
Suppression Test ◽  
Healthy Dogs

Non-radiometric immunoassays offer many advantages over radiometric assays, such as higher stability of kit compounds and absence of potential hazardous effects for users and environment. The comparison of cortisol measurements by fluoroimmunoassay (FIA) and fluorometric enzyme immunoassay (FEIA) with radioimmunoassay (RIA) in adrenal function evaluation of normal (n=50) and hypercortisolemic dogs (n=12) was proposed. Serum concentrations of cortisol were measured in basal conditions and 8 hours after dexamethasone (DEX) suppression (0.01mg/kg/IV). All our reference values were based on the 5th and 95th percentile. The values for basal cortisol of healthy dogs were 0.20 to 2.35mug/d<img SRC="http:/img/fbpe/cr/v32n2/a12img01.gif"> for FIA, 0.30 to 5.39mug/d<img SRC="http:/img/fbpe/cr/v32n2/a12img01.gif"> for FEIA, and 0.65 to 4.64mug/d<img SRC="http:/img/fbpe/cr/v32n2/a12img01.gif"> for RIA. After DEX suppression the values were <0.87mug/d<img SRC="http:/img/fbpe/cr/v32n2/a12img01.gif">, <0.30mug/d<img SRC="http:/img/fbpe/cr/v32n2/a12img01.gif"> and < 0.80mug/d<img SRC="http:/img/fbpe/cr/v32n2/a12img01.gif"> for FIA, FEIA and RIA, respectively. In hypercortisolemic dogs, the values of cortisol (mean ± SD) in basal and post-DEX conditions were 2.71 + 0.41mug/d<img SRC="http:/img/fbpe/cr/v32n2/a12img01.gif"> and 1.73 + 1.15mug/d<img SRC="http:/img/fbpe/cr/v32n2/a12img01.gif"> for FIA, 7.05 + 2.85mug/d<img SRC="http:/img/fbpe/cr/v32n2/a12img01.gif"> and 4.93 + 2.26mug/d<img SRC="http:/img/fbpe/cr/v32n2/a12img01.gif"> for FEIA, and 4.80 + 1.43mug/d<img SRC="http:/img/fbpe/cr/v32n2/a12img01.gif"> and 3.52 + 1.08mug/d<img SRC="http:/img/fbpe/cr/v32n2/a12img01.gif"> for RIA. Statistically significant differences (p<0.05) between the normal and the hypercortisolemic groups (Kruskal-Wallis test) were observed in the three methods, and between basal and post-DEX values (Wilcoxon test) using RIA and FEIA methods but not with FIA. Cortisol determinations by FEIA and RIA methods at DEX suppression test showed 100% of sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of hyperadrenocorticism in dogs. The results demonstrate that serum cortisol concentrations measurements by FEIA is a suitable alternative to the traditional RIA method for adrenal function evaluation in dogs.

Technical note: Comparison of salivary and serum cortisol concentrations after adrenocorticotropic hormone challenge in ewes1,2

2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 599-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. T. Yates ◽  
T. T. Ross ◽  
D. M. Hallford ◽  
L. J. Yates ◽  
R. L. Wesley
Keyword(s):  
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Technical Note

Solumedrol Treatment for Severe Sepsis in Humans with a Blunted Adrenocorticotropic Hormone-Cortisol Response: A Prospective Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Pilot Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 088506662110388
Author(s):  
Divya Birudaraju ◽  
Sajad Hamal ◽  
John A. Tayek
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Cortisol Response ◽  
Acth Stimulation ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
To Receive

Purpose To test the benefits of Solumedrol treatment in sepsis patients with a blunted adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-cortisol response (delta <13 µg/dL) with regard to the number of days on ventilator, days on intravenous blood pressure support, length of time in an intensive care unit (ICU), 14-day mortality, and 28-day mortality. The trial was prospective, randomized, and double-blind. As part of a larger sepsis trial, 54 patients with sepsis had an intravenous ACTH stimulation test using 250 µg of ACTH, and serum cortisol was measured at times 0, 30, and 60 min. Eleven patients failed to increase their cortisol concentration above 19.9 µg/dL and were excluded from the clinical trial as they were considered to have adrenal insufficiency. The remaining 43 patients had a baseline cortisol of 32 ± 1 µg/dL increased to 38 ± 3 µg/dL at 30 min and 40 ± 3 at 60 min. All cortisol responses were <12.9 µg/dL between time 0 and time 60, which is defined as a blunted cortisol response to intravenous ACTH administration. Twenty-one were randomized to receive 20 mg of intravenous Solumedrol and 22 were randomized to receive a matching placebo every 8 h for 7-days. There was no significant difference between the two randomized groups. Data analysis was carried out bya two-tailed test and P < .05 as significant. Results Results: The mean age was 51 ± 2 (mean ± SEM) with 61% female. Groups were well matched with regard to APACHE III score in Solumedrol versus placebo (59 ± 6 vs 59 ± 6), white blood cell count (18.8 ± 2.2 vs 18.6 ± 2.6), and incidence of bacteremia (29 vs 39%). The 28-day mortality rate was reduced in the Solumedrol treated arm (43 ± 11 vs 73 ± 10%; P < .05). There was no change in days in ICU, days on blood pressure agents, or days on ventilator. Seven days of high-dose intravenous Solumedrol treatment (20 mg every 8 h) in patients with a blunted cortisol response to ACTH was associated with an improved 28-day survival. This small study suggests that an inability to increase endogenous cortisol production in patients with sepsis who are then provided steroid treatment could improve survival.

scholarly journals Systolic blood pressure of dogs at hospital and domestic environment

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 1242-1248
Author(s):  
Frederico Aécio Carvalho Soares ◽  
Elisa Barp Neuwald ◽  
Verônica Santos Mombach ◽  
Ana Elize Ribeiro D'Avila ◽  
Francisco de Oliveira Conrado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Doppler Ultrasonography ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Healthy Dogs ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Veterinary Hospital ◽  
At Home

The measurement of blood pressure (BP) is an important assessment of the cardiovascular system, being influenced by physical and pathological conditions. Certain situations of stress and anxiety during BP measurement can lead to elevated values in small animals, known in medicine as "white coat effect". The aim of this research was to compare systolic blood pressure (SBP) measurement using Doppler ultrasonography in 45 adult healthy dogs in two environments, at a veterinary hospital and at home. Comparison of heart rate, serum concentrations of cortisol and glucose intended to help the evaluation of the stress level of the animals. The mean of SBP at the veterinary hospital was 154.7mmHg and it was significantly (P<0.01) higher than at home (136.3mmHg). It was also observed that HR (mean=122.7bpm), and serum cortisol (median=4.5µg dL-1) and glucose (mean=95.9mg dL-1) concentrations were significantly higher (P<0.01) at the hospital, when compared with values obtained at home (109.6bpm; 1.5µg dL-1 and 85.5mg dL-1, respectively). In conclusion, the environment can influence SBP in dogs, due to factors related to stress.

Serum cortisol and 11 deoxycortisol by liquid chromatography: clinical studies and comparison with radioimmunoassay.

1979 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1700-1703 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Canalis ◽  
A M Caldarella ◽  
G E Reardon
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Adrenal Function ◽  
Dynamic Tests ◽  
Oral Ingestion ◽  
Chromatographic Procedure ◽  
Normal Humans ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

Abstract We describe a liquid-chromatographic procedure for separating and measuring cortisol and 11-deoxycortisol in serum. We quantitated these steroids in patients who were undergoing various tests of pituitary and (or) adrenal function and compared the results with those obtained by two radioimmunoassays done in two different laboratories. Results of 48 tests done in 37 functionally normal humans are presented. Cortisol values for sera collected in the morning as determined by liquid chromatography were (mean +/- SD) 134 +/- 54 micrograms/L. Serum cortisol concentrations increased from 136 +/- 65 to 321 +/- 80 micrograms/L 60 min after injecting synthetic corticotropin and increased from 107 +/- 46 to 242 +/- 31 micrograms/L after insulin-induced hypoglycemia. Serum cortisol decreased from 142 +/- 49 to 26 +/- 20 micrograms/L after oral administration of metyrapone, while 11-deoxycortisol increased from less than 10 to 210 +/- 53 micrograms/L. Serum cortisol measured less than 10 micrograms/L the morning after oral ingestion of dexamethasone. Results of the dynamic tests of adrenal function correlated well with previously reported studies. However, the cortisol values obtained by our technique were generally lower than those obtained by radioimmunoassay, possibly owing to lack of specificity of the latter methods used here for comparison. In contrast, values for 11-deoxycortisol were the same by both methods. The present studies confirm the usefulness of liquid chromatography for measuring these two steroids in serum during tests of pituitary and adrenal function. Future refinements of the technique should continue to increase its clinical applications.

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