Surgical Treatment of Recurrent Dacryocystitis Secondary to Cystic Dilatation of the Nasolacrimal Duct in a Dog

2004 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertrand Lussier ◽  
Michel Carrier
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Nasolacrimal Duct ◽  
Golden Retriever ◽  
Cystic Dilatation ◽  
Surgical Exploration ◽  
The Third ◽  
Cystic Cavity ◽  
Left Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Ocular Discharge

A 3-year-old, castrated male golden retriever was presented for evaluation of recurrent ocular discharge of 4 months’ duration from the left eye. Dacryocystorhinography was performed and demarcated a cystic dilatation of the left nasolacrimal duct with obstruction of the duct distal to the cystic cavity. Surgical exploration of the left maxillary sinus was performed to confirm the diagnosis and reestablish drainage into the nasal cavity. Recovery was uneventful, and the dog has been asymptomatic for >36 months postoperatively. This report documents the third published case of surgical treatment for cystic dilatation of the nasolacrimal duct.

scholarly journals Characteristics of the clinical forms and optimization of treatment of dacryocystitis in the newborns

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-88
Author(s):  
G Z Galeeva ◽  
A N Samoylov ◽  
L T Musina ◽  
E I Russkikh
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Nasolacrimal Duct ◽  
Lysozyme Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Microbiological Investigation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Microbial Etiology

Aim. To optimize the treatment of dacryocystitis in the newborns, to reduce the frequency of recurrent nasolacrimal duct catheterization. Methods. Examined were 207 children suffering from catarrhal (the first group - 57 children, 73 affected eyes), purulent (the second group - 139 children, 158 eyes) and phlegmonous (the third group - 11 children, 12 eyes) dacryocystitis. A control group was also formed - 12 children without inflammatory eye diseases. Conducted was a clinical examination, determined was the lysozyme activity of the tears, analyzed was the effectiveness of medicinal and surgical treatment, and conducted was a microbiological investigation with the study of sensitivity of the pathogenic microorganisms to antibacterial drugs. Results. In catarrhal dacryocystitis of the newborns identified were seven species of microorganisms, most commonly found were S. epidermidis (more than 50%) and S. aureus (12.4%), in 19.2% of cases no pathogen was identified. The etiology of purulent dacryocystitis was more diverse - 23 species of pathogens, the leading pathogens were S. aureus (15.2%), S. pneumoniae and S. epidermidis (13.9% each), E. faecium (8.2%). In the phlegmonous form of the disease revealed were 4 types of pathogens, most commonly S. epidermidis (45.5%) and S. aureus (27.2%). In 9.1% of cases no pathogen was identified. The causative agents of catarrhal and purulent dacryocystitis of the newborns showed the greatest sensitivity to pikloxydine (100% and 93.3%), chloramphenicol (86.7% and 79.7%) and ciprofloxacin (87.0% and 72.2%). Revealed was the reduction of lysozyme activity of the tears both in the affected and in the unaffected eyes of children with dacryocystitis. During the analysis of the results of surgical treatment the frequency of relapses in the first group (catarrhal dacryocystitis of the newborns) was 8.3%, while in the second group (purulent dacryocystitis) it was significantly higher - 13.7%. Conclusion. In order to reduce the frequency of relapses conservative treatment should be conducted with respect to the microbial etiology, forms of the disease, and sensitivity of pathogens to antimicrobial agents before catheterization of the nasolacrimal duct.

The nasal cavity of two traversodontid cynodonts (Eucynodontia, Gomphodontia) from the Upper Triassic of Brazil

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Arymathéia Santos Franco ◽  
Rodrigo Temp Müller ◽  
Agustín G. Martinelli ◽  
Carolina A. Hoffmann ◽  
Leonardo Kerber
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Nasal Septum ◽  
Internal Surface ◽  
Nasolacrimal Duct ◽  
Upper Triassic ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Dorsal Region ◽  
Left And Right

Abstract Traversodontidae is a group of Triassic herbivorous/omnivorous cynodonts that represents the most diversified lineage within Cynognathia. In southern Brazil, a rich fossil record of late Middle/mid-Late Triassic cynodonts has been documented, with Exaeretodon riograndensis Abdala, Barberena, and Dornelles, 2002 and Siriusgnathus niemeyerorum Pavanatto et al., 2018 representing two abundant and well-documented traversodontids. The present study provides a comparative analysis of the morphology of the nasal cavity, nasal recesses, nasolacrimal duct, and maxillary canals of both species using computed tomography, highlighting the changes that occurred in parallel to the origin of mammaliaforms. Our results show that there were no ossified turbinals or a cribriform plate delimiting the posterior end of the nasal cavity, suggesting these structures were probably cartilaginous as in nonmammaliaform cynodonts. Both species show lateral ridges on the internal surface of the roof of the nasal cavity, but the median ridge for the attachment of a nasal septum is absent. Exaeretodon riograndensis and S. niemeyerorum show recesses on the dorsal region of the nasal cavity, which increase the volume of the nasal cavity, potentially enhancing the olfactory chamber and contributing to the sense of smell. On the lateral sides of the nasal cavity, the analyzed taxa show a well-developed maxillary recess. Although E. riograndensis and S. niemeyerorum have roughly similar nasal cavities, in the former taxon, the space between the left and right dorsal recesses of the nasal cavity is uniform along its entire extension, whereas this space narrows posteriorly in S. niemeyerorum. Finally, the nasolacrimal duct of S. niemeyerorum is more inclined anteroposteriorly than in E. riograndensis.

Surgical Treatment of the Clasped Thumb

1989 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Lipskeir ◽  
M. Weizenbluth
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Tendon Transfer ◽  
Pathological Feature ◽  
Tendon Transfers ◽  
Extensor Tendons ◽  
The Third ◽  
First Ray ◽  
Intrinsic Muscles

We report a series of 12 patients (19 hands) with clasped thumb who underwent surgical treatment. The series is divided into three groups. In the first group, the prominent pathological feature was hypoplasia of the extensor tendons which was treated by tendon transfer. The second group, the arthrogryphotic type, had contracture of the intrinsic muscles of the thumb and shortening of the skin; these needed mainly release operations. In only three hands out of nine was tendon transfer performed. The third group was defined by a combination of skeletal, muscular and tendon hypoplasia. Instability of the M.P. joint and adduction contracture of the first ray were found in all hands of this group. The adduction deformity was corrected by skin-plasty of the first web and the extension was improved by tendon transfers. Only one case needed stabilisation of the M.P. joint. The final results were related to the extent of the contractures and to the age of the patient when treatment started.

Dacryostenosis in Newborns: Probing, or Syringing, or Both?

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Tahat
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Nasolacrimal Duct ◽  
Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction ◽  
Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction ◽  
Duct Obstruction ◽  
The Third ◽  
Lacrimal System ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Nasolacrimal Ducts

Purpose This prospective study was designed to establish whether it is more effective to treat symptomatic congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction by probing, or high-pressure irrigation, or both. Methods During the period February 1991 to January 1999, 228 infants (300 nasolacrimal ducts) were examined (132 males, 96 females, age range 12–13 months). These patients were divided into three groups of 100 ducts each. The first group was probed only; in the second group the nasolacrimal ducts were irrigated under high pressure using methylene blue-stained saline, and the third group was probed and irrigated in the same setting. The procedures were done under light general anesthesia. Results Ninety-one ducts in the first group improved after probing. In the second group 64 ducts improved after irrigation. In the third group 96 ducts improved after both probing and irrigation. Conclusions To treat symptomatic congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction, it is more effective to combine high-pressure irrigation and probing. This gives a better success rate, first in treatment and secondarily, permitting intraoperative verification of the patency of the excretory lacrimal system.

scholarly journals Can We Use the Silodosin as Second Line Treatment of Benign Prostate Hyperplasia?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bekir Voyvoda ◽  
Onur Memik ◽  
Onur Karslı ◽  
Murat Üstüner ◽  
Levent Özcan
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Symptom Relief ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Prostate Hyperplasia ◽  
Blocker Therapy ◽  
Alpha Blocker ◽  
The Third ◽  
Voiding Symptoms ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective: We aimed to investigate the efficacy of silodosin in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) refractory to previous α-adrenergic receptor (AR) blocker therapy. Materials and Methods: Patients who did not benefit from alpha-blocker therapy but avoided surgical treatment constitute the population of our study. Seventy-five patients were studied in each group; Group 1 was given 8 mg of silodosin, while Group 2 continued the previous alpha-blocker treatment. Results: The initial mean international prostate symptom score (IPSS) was calculated as 20.81±0.97 in Group 1, in the third month there was a decrease of 17.12±1.25 (p<0.05). No significant change was observed in Group 2. In addition, a significant decrease was observed in IPSS subscores (storage and voiding symptoms) in Group 1 compared to baseline at the third month. There was an improvement in residual urine in the silodosin group and no improvement in the other group. Conclusion: In patients with BPH who refuse surgical treatment and could not achieve adequate symptom relief with other α-blockers in routine practice, silodosin was found superior in terms of LUTS recovery. Silodosin is also an effective option in patients who cannot undergo surgical treatment due to comorbidities.

scholarly journals Case Report: Double penile fracture

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1828
Author(s):  
Felipe Mercado-Olivares ◽  
J. Antonio Grandez-Urbina ◽  
Giomar Farfan-Daza ◽  
Juan Pacheco-Sauñe ◽  
Luciano Nuñez-Bragayrac
Keyword(s):  
Tunica Albuginea ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Urethral Injury ◽  
Penile Shaft ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Penile Fracture ◽  
Surgical Exploration ◽  
The Third ◽  
Corpora Cavernosa

Penile fracture is an underreported surgical emergency. It usually occurs as a single rupture of the tunica albuginea in one of two corpora cavernosa; a rupture of both masses is an uncommon finding. We report a case of a young male who presented to the emergency department two hours after sustaining penile trauma. Prompt surgical exploration was performed four hours post-injury. He was found to have one fracture on each corpora cavernosa, without urethral injury, which were repaired successfully. The patient had a favorable recovery and was discharged on the third postoperative day without complications. The aim of this report is to highlight the importance of complete degloving of the penile shaft for a meticulous search during surgery to avoid missed injuries. This approach will ensure a successful outcome avoiding physical and psychological disabilities.

scholarly journals Inflammatory Pseudotumor of the Maxillary Sinus

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-39
Author(s):  
Johann F. Castañeda ◽  
Jeffrey S. Concepcion ◽  
Ricardo L. Ramirez ◽  
Kirt Areis Delovino
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Inflammatory Pseudotumor ◽  
Soft Tissue Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Inflammatory Pseudotumors ◽  
Left Maxillary Sinus

Inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) is a rarely occurring lesion with no identifiable local or systemic cause. First described in 1905 by Birch-Hirschfield,1 it remains somewhat of an enigmatic disease entity despite multiple otolaryngologic, radiologic, and pathologic reports. The term “pseudotumor” was used because these lesions mimic invasive malignant tumors, both clinically and radiologically. IPT most commonly involves the lung and orbit, but has also been reported to occur at sites that make biopsy or excision difficult or potentially disfiguring.2 Its diagnosis and prompt recognition may help avoid radical surgery for this benign lesion.     CASE               A 27-year-old male was seen at our outpatient department due to a progressively enlarging left infraorbital mass. Two years prior, the patient noted a swelling over his left infraorbital area. The swelling was somewhat painful and rapidly grew in size so that it measured almost 2.5x2.5cm after a week. Still tender, it became firm and violaceous in color. He sought medical attention at a local hospital after one more week of persistent swelling and increasing cheek pain, but denied excessive lacrimation, blurring of vision, orbital pain, eye discharge or numbness.               Incision and drainage of the left infraorbital mass drained purulent material with resolution of the swelling and associated symptoms, but a pea-sized mass was still palpable over the post operative site.  Over the months that followed, the mass gradually increased in size, with occasional serosanguinous discharge from the incision site. There was no pain, numbness or blurring of vision.  He self-medicated with Cefalexin, taken irregularly for 8 months without any improvement, before finally consulting again.               An orbital CT scan requested by the referring Ophthalmology service showed an expansile, mildly enhancing soft tissue mass with few peripheral foci of calcifications measuring 8.2 x 4.4 x 6.4 cm (Figures 1 A, B) completely occupying the left maxillary sinus and extending up to the infero-lateral aspect of the left orbital cavity. There was erosion of the lateral portion of the left orbital floor and disruption of the frontal process of the left zygomatic bone with obliteration and effacement of the left pterygopalatine fossa.   Our physical examination revealed a firm, fixed, nontender 4x4cm left inferior orbital mass with serosanguinous discharge, and a bulging lateral nasal wall. Epiphora from the left eye suggested nasolacrimal duct obstruction, but vision and extraocular movements were intact.               Caldwell-Luc biopsy surprisingly yielded only necrotic and inflammatory tissues despite generous samples from multiple sections of the maxillary portion, and inflammatory polyps from the intranasal component.  At surgery after a few weeks, the mass still occupied the entire left maxillary sinus despite the previous biopsy which had removed a significant amount of tumor. Furthermore, the mass now extended beyond the maxillary sinus into the left upper gingivobuccal area thru the previous maxillary window. The entire clinically aggressive maxillary sinus mass was removed under endoscopic guidance, but the final histopathology report was still similar to the previous findings of necrotic and inflammatory tissues.               A month after surgery, the patient was seen at the Emergency room for left infraorbital swelling and discharge. Contrast-enhanced MRI of the nasopharynx showed a large expansile left maxillary sinus lesion bulging into the nasal cavity, extending into adjacent lateral orbital soft tissue and extending into the buccal space through an apparently disrupted left inferolateral maxillary wall. Intravenous antibiotics and a high-dose steroid trial resulted in complete disappearance of the left infraorbital mass and discharge within a week, and the patient was discharged on a tapering steroid dose.     DISCUSSION               Inflammatory pseudotumor is a quasi-neoplastic lesion that has been reported to occur in nearly every site in the body, most commonly involving the lung and the orbit, and rarely the maxillary sinus1. Its diagnosis is usually by exemption since clinical and histopathologic findings are sometimes vague and inconsistent. The exact etiology of these lesions is not clear. It has been postulated that they might be the result of a post-inflammatory repair process, a metabolic disturbance, or an antigen-antibody interaction with an agent that was no longer identifiable in aspiration or biopsy material.3 The clinical findings in a patient with an inflammatory pseudotumor are variable, depending on the growth rate of the lesion and the specific structures that have been affected. Inflammatory pseudotumors have been reported to cause chronic cough (as a result of endobronchial growth), dry cough, fever, pleuritic pain, right upper quadrant or epigastric pain,  and several constitutional symptoms, such as malaise, weight loss, fatigue, and syncope. Inflammatory pseudotumors have been found incidentally during imaging examinations for other reasons.3 Extraorbital inflammatory pseudotumor of head and neck can occur in the nasal cavity, nasopharynx, maxillary sinus, larynx and trachea. Perineural spread along maxillary, mandibular and hypoglossal nerves had been described. Sinonasal inflammatory psuedotumors do not affect a particular age group and cause no systemic symptoms.  However, they have a more aggressive appearance than those of the orbit, with bony changes such as erosion, remodelling and sclerosis usually seen on radiographic studies.4 On CAT scans, a moderately enhancing soft tissue mass is usually seen, accompanied by bony changes common among malignant processes.5 On cut sections, inflammatory cells dominate as well as necrotic tissues. In some patients, laboratory findings are normal; in others, there might be an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein level and sometimes a high white blood cell count3. However, none of the published reports on inflammatory pseudotumor have mentioned any presence of positive tumor markers. Complete surgical resection if possible is the treatment of choice for sinonasal inflammatory pseudotumors, followed by corticosteroids in cases of incomplete excision.  Response to steroids is often unpredictable, but these drugs are the primary treatment method for orbital inflammatory pseudotumor. The only cases in which radiation therapy is indicated are those patients for whom surgery or corticosteroid therapy is unsuccessful or contraindicated.6

scholarly journals Large choledochal cyst initially interpreted as Mirizzi syndrome - case report and literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 216-219
Author(s):  
Vladimir Milosavljevic ◽  
Boris Tadic ◽  
Nikola Grubor ◽  
Djordje Knezevic ◽  
Slavko Matic
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Choledochal Cyst ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Mirizzi Syndrome ◽  
Operative Techniques ◽  
Choledochal Cysts ◽  
Cystic Dilatation ◽  
Additional Imaging ◽  
Histological Confirmation ◽  
Extent Of Surgical Resection

Introduction. Choledochal cysts are congenital anomalies manifested as focal or diffuse cystic dilatation of the bile ducts. They are mostly diagnosed in childhood. The magnetic resonance and surgical management are the gold standard diagnostic and treatment modality. Case outline. We present a male patient who was presumed to have Mirizzi syndrome. This presumption was discarded by additional imaging procedures and by later surgical treatment. It was confirmed that it was a large choledochal cyst filled with stones. Considering the diagnosis and good patient?s general condition, we opted for surgical treatment. Conclusion. There are several surgical techniques that can be used in the treatment of choledochal cysts, wherein each is intended as a complete resection of the cyst with histological confirmation. Operative techniques do not affect the outcome of the treatment, but the time and extent of surgical resection, as well as any metaplasia of the epithelium, do.

Trauma to the urinary tract and other urological emergencies

2019 ◽  
pp. 515-554
Author(s):  
John Reynard ◽  
Simon F Brewster ◽  
Suzanne Biers ◽  
Naomi Laura Neal
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Renal Artery ◽  
Renal Trauma ◽  
Artery Embolization ◽  
Surgical Exploration ◽  
The Third ◽  
Renal Artery Embolization ◽  
Urological Emergencies

Management of urological trauma remains much as it was at the time of the third edition of this handbook, though selective renal artery embolization is increasingly used when compared with surgical exploration for renal trauma with persistent bleeding.

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