Violenza domestica assistita: effetti sullo sviluppo del bambino e implicazioni cliniche per i pediatri

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Alessandro Albizzati ◽  
Cristina Riva Crugnola ◽  
Elena Ierardi
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Learning Disorders ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Externalising Problems ◽  
The Family ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Meaningful Relationships ◽  
Witnessing Domestic Violence ◽  
Traumatic Symptoms

Witnessing domestic violence may have serious negative consequences for the health, development and well-being of children. Only recently, witnessing domestic violence has been evaluated as a form of child maltreatment, considering the effects it may have within the family. Domestic violence is a complex and lasting experience that often results in interruptions, losses and challenges for the meaningful relationships of children. Children have very often feelings of fear, worry, guilt, helplessness and sadness and adopt strategies to deal with such traumatic situations. Moreover, children exposed to domestic violence have a high risk of having delays in cognitive, psychic, emotional and physical development with school and social interaction difficulties, internalising and externalising problems, learning disorders, aggressive behaviour and post-traumatic symptoms. Therefore, it is critical to early identify the signals that children show to help them and their family get out of the violent and abusive environment.

scholarly journals Across the COVID-19 Waves; Assessing Temporal Fluctuations in Perceived Stress, Post-Traumatic Symptoms, Worry, Anxiety and Civic Moral Disengagement over One Year of Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5651
Author(s):  
Alessio Gori ◽  
Eleonora Topino
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
First Year ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
One Year ◽  
Traumatic Symptoms

This study aimed at investigating the psychological effect of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy by analysing the trends of perceived stress, post-traumatic symptoms, state anxiety, worry, and civic moral disengagement in four different moments from March 2020 to March 2021. The study involved a total of 1827 Italian participants (30% men and 70% women; Mage = 34.72; SD = 12.40) divided into four groups to which an online survey was administered. The first group completed the survey in March 2020, the second one in August 2020, the third one in November 2020, and the fourth one in March 2021. Results highlighted significant decreases in post-traumatic symptoms and a significant increase in civic moral disengagement over the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. The levels of perceived stress, worry, and state anxiety remained constant. The correlations between the variables at different times were also explored, as well as gender differences over the year. The COVID-19 emergency has had significant effects on the mental state of the population, with important repercussions for individual and collective well-being during but probably also after the pandemic. This study offers a clear snapshot of the psychological outcomes over one COVID-19 pandemic year, providing important information that may contribute to tailor more effective interventions for mental health.

Supporting Children Who Experience Domestic Violence: Evaluating the Child Witness to Domestic Violence Program

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110358
Author(s):  
Erin C. Schubert
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Child Witness ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Emotional Symptoms ◽  
Child Gender ◽  
The Impact

Impacting 1 in 4 children in the United States, childhood exposure to domestic violence predicts myriad negative sequelae. Intervening post exposure is critical to help children and their protective parent heal and avoid long-term negative consequences. Children aged 2-17 and their mothers who were victims of domestic violence participated in a 12-week group program delivered by domestic violence agency staff that provides psychoeducation on the impact of trauma and domestic violence and aims to improve parent and child well-being. The impact of the Child Witness to Domestic Violence (CWDV) program was tested in an intervention group ( n = 69 children, 33 mothers) who participated in CWDV and control group ( n = 80 children, 39 mothers) consisting of children whose mothers received adult-focused domestic violence services but were not enrolled in CWDV or other child-focused services. Multiple regression analyses controlling for child gender, child age, mother’s age, and the outcome of interest at time 1 found that participation in CWDV program significantly predicted better child functioning as indicated by less hyperactivity ( B = –.85, p = .06), fewer negative emotional symptoms ( B = –1.14, p = .01), and fewer total behavioral difficulties ( B = –2.48, p = .02) as well as higher maternal hope ( B = .57, p = .03). These data provide promising evidence of the impact of a brief, replicable group intervention that promotes healing and well-being among children and parents exposed to domestic violence. Limitations include a quasi-experimental design and reliance on maternal report.

scholarly journals Protective Factors in Resilient Volunteers Facing Compassion Fatigue

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1769
Author(s):  
Rosaura Gonzalez-Mendez ◽  
Matilde Díaz ◽  
Laura Aguilera ◽  
Julia Correderas ◽  
Yanira Jerez
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Compassion Fatigue ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Post Traumatic Growth ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Percentile Scores ◽  
Organization Support

Volunteers may be exposed to the negative consequences of dealing with human suffering, such as compassion fatigue. However, very little is known about the protective factors that contribute to their resilience. The aim of this study was to analyze the extent to which different strengths (psychological endurance, purpose, and social support), orientations to happiness, and compassion satisfaction predict volunteers’ resilient outcomes (subjective well-being and post-traumatic growth) and compassion fatigue. Participants were 116 Spanish Red Cross volunteers (77.8% women). They were separately classified into three groups (low, medium, and high) according to the 33rd and 66th percentile scores on each resilient outcome. Univariate analyses of variance and post-hoc comparisons computed separately showed significant differences in most factors analyzed, except compassion fatigue. Logistic regressions revealed that endurance, organization support, and eudaimonia allowed for the correct classification of 83.3% of those high in post-traumatic growth (82.2% of the true-positives and 84.4% of the true-negatives). In addition to endurance and organization support, purpose was the strongest predictor of well-being (85.7% were correctly classified, 82.8% of the true-negatives and 88.2% of the true-positives). Finally, lower endurance predicted compassion fatigue (65.7% and 61.3% of the true-negatives and 69.4% of the true-positives). Findings indicate ways to promote resilience among volunteers.

An exploration of violence against paramedics, burnout and post-traumatic symptoms in two Australian ambulance services

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nualnong Wongtongkam
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Traumatic Symptoms

Purpose Violence directed at ambulance paramedics has attracted increasing public attention because of its major negative impact on the physical and psychological well-being of victims and productivity of organisations. The purpose of this paper is to explore the prevalence of violent incidents, contributing factors, burnout and post-traumatic symptoms among paramedics. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional survey was distributed in two ambulance services in Tasmania and South Australia, with self-administered instruments completed online. In total, 48 respondents completed questionnaires. Findings There were no significant differences between sites in timing of violent incidents, consequences of traumatic events or organisation provision. Surprisingly, over 90 per cent of paramedics had not been pushed, slapped, beaten, scratched or spat on in the previous month. There was a statistically significant difference between genders for being yelled at or verbally abused (p=0.02). When considering burnout, female paramedics showed significantly higher levels of emotional exhaustion t(37)=–2.32, p=0.02 and lower levels of career satisfaction than their male counterparts, t(37)=3.32, p=0.00. Originality/value Although prevalence rates of violent incidents seemed lower than expected, policy interventions to encourage female paramedics to display their professional identities and steps to enhance well-being and safety while on duty should be considered.

scholarly journals Silver linings of the COVID-19 lockdown in New Zealand

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249678
Author(s):  
Matthew Jenkins ◽  
Janet Hoek ◽  
Gabrielle Jenkin ◽  
Philip Gendall ◽  
James Stanley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Post Traumatic Growth ◽  
The Face ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Qualitative Responses ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mental Well Being

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant disruption, distress, and loss of life around the world. While negative health, economic, and social consequences are being extensively studied, there has been less research on the resilience and post-traumatic growth that people show in the face of adversity. We investigated New Zealanders’ experiences of benefit-finding during the COVID-19 pandemic and analysed qualitative responses to a survey examining mental well-being during the New Zealand lockdown. A total of 1175 of 2010 eligible participants responded to an open-ended question probing ‘silver linings’ (i.e., positive aspects) they may have experienced during this period. We analysed these qualitative responses using a thematic analysis approach. Two thirds of participants identified silver linings from the lockdown and we developed two overarching themes: Surviving (coping well, meeting basic needs, and maintaining health) and thriving (self-development, reflection, and growth). Assessing positive as well as negative consequences of the pandemic provides more nuanced insights into the impact that New Zealand’s response had on mental well-being.

Loss, grief and loneliness

2020 ◽  
pp. 85-94
Author(s):  
Janet Batsleer ◽  
James Duggan
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Foster Care ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Early Experience ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
P Loss ◽  
Loss And Grief ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Witnessing Domestic Violence

Loss is strongly present in early experience of loneliness. This may be bereavement, but it may also be an experience of parental divorce and separation, of moving into foster care. Sometimes a loss of a feeling of safety and good connection which is the result of violence is accompanied by a loneliness; and the stigma, shame and self-reproach which is associated with becoming a victim of violence is then multiplied in a further stigma associated with loneliness. Using examples of attempted suicide, the trauma of witnessing domestic violence and the Post Traumatic Stress Disorder experienced by a young refugee this chapter’s sub-themes are loss and grief; shame; and social isolation.

scholarly journals Children Witnessing Domestic Violence in the Voice of Health and Social Professionals Dealing with Contrasting Gender Violence

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Carnevale ◽  
Immacolata Di Napoli ◽  
Ciro Esposito ◽  
Caterina Arcidiacono ◽  
Fortuna Procentese
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Support Network ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Scientific Software ◽  
Parental Roles ◽  
Core Category ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Witnessing Domestic Violence ◽  
Perception Of Health

Witnessing domestic violence (WDV) is recognized by the Istanbul Convention as psychological abuse that has dramatic consequences on the psychophysical health of children. Therefore, professionals who form the support network for WDV victims play a very fundamental role. In order to draw up useful guidelines for services dealing with WDV, and to give children more awareness of supportive settings, this study analyzes WDV in the perception of health and welfare professionals to enhance their skills and strategies for contrasting gender violence. Sixteen Neapolitan specialists dealing with WDV children were interviewed. A theoretical intentional sampling was used. Narrative focused interviews were carried out, transcribed verbatim and analyzed through the grounded theory methodology, using the ATLAS.ti 8 software (Scientific Software Development GmbH, Berlin, Germany). We assigned 319 codes and grouped these into 10 categories and 4 macro-categories. The analysis of the texts led to the definition of the core category as “The Crystal Fortress”. It summarizes the image of the WDV children as described by the professionals working in contrasting domestic violence. In this structure the parental roles of protection and care (fortress) are suspended and everything is extremely rigid, fragile and always at risk of a catastrophe. It also symbolizes the difficult role of health professionals in dealing with such children and their families. For WDV children, protective factors guarantee solid development and supportive settings help them to learn proper emotional responsiveness and expressiveness and to develop their skills in talking with adults while avoiding negative consequences.

From Isolation to Connection: The Practices and Promise of Open Domestic Violence Shelters

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052096923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa A. Goodman ◽  
Deborah Epstein ◽  
Helen P. Hailes ◽  
Allison Slocum ◽  
Jonathan Wolff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Access To Services ◽  
Domestic Violence Shelters ◽  
Broad Array ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
Policies And Programs ◽  
Meaningful Relationships

Antidomestic violence advocates have begun to question two essential policies that have long defined domestic violence shelters—strict secrecy regarding shelter location and prohibitions on shelter access to all except staff and residents—both of which serve to increase survivors’ social isolation and entail coercive rules that resonate painfully with broader oppressive dynamics. In response a growing number of communities have begun experimenting with open shelters, which break from tradition by making their locations public, and allowing visitors. Although this innovation is a sharp departure from tradition, virtually no research exists to explore its philosophical underpinnings, benefits, and challenges. This study addresses this gap. Study Questions: We used a qualitative descriptive approach to explore the experiences and perspectives of open shelter directors. Participants included 14 open shelter directors from 11 states. We conducted semistructured phone interviews with each participant, focusing on their shelter’s (a) nature and history; (b) rationale; (c) policies and programs related to secrecy and openness; (d) benefits and challenges; (e) effects on specific survivor subgroups; and (f) practices used to build or strengthen survivors’ relationships. Open shelters: (a) promote physical safety using a broad array of measures; (b) adopt a range of policies that promote varying degrees of location disclosure and visitor accessibility; (c) face challenges, such as the need to gain buy-in from multiple constituents; and (d) Improve survivor outcomes, including decreased shame; improved advocacy relationships; increased access to services and community involvement in shelter life; and deepened relationships with network members; in turn increasing prospects for physical and psychological well-being long after survivors’ shelter stays are over. Findings suggest a new path for shelters interested in promoting survivor safety and healing in the context of a web of meaningful relationships.

scholarly journals Violence in the Family as a Social Threat to Public Safety and Order

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-123
Author(s):  
Monika Wilanowska
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Precise Determination ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Family ◽  
Polish Society ◽  
Decisive Action ◽  
The Impact

Violence in the family should be considered as one of the biggest social problems in Poland. It occurs not only in families commonly regarded as pathological. Therefore, it should not be associated only with poverty or alcoholism or other addictions present in the family. Violence in the family exists also in affluent and seemingly happy families. The effects of this phenomenon cause many negative consequences not only for the members of the perpetrator's family, but also for society and, more broadly, the entire state organisation. This problem requires decisive action on the part of the state and certainly should not be underestimated. The aim of this article is to analyze selected legal regulations concerning the prevention of domestic violence and other issues essential from the point of view of the impact of issues essential from the point of view of the impact of domestic violence on the safety of individuals who experience it, as well as the general public. Therefore, the following will be analyzed: the relation between the use of violence in the family and violation of specific criminal law norms functioning in the Polish legal system, negative effects in the area of health of persons experiencing violence in the family, the scale of violence in the family in Poland and the difficulties connected with its precise determination and evaluation of this phenomenon by the Polish society.

scholarly journals Burnout Status of Italian Healthcare Workers during the First COVID-19 Pandemic Peak Period

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 510
Author(s):  
Chiara Conti ◽  
Lilybeth Fontanesi ◽  
Roberta Lanzara ◽  
Ilenia Rosa ◽  
Robert L. Doyle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Peak Period ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Outbreak Period ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Traumatic Symptoms

The pandemic of 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has burdened extraordinary psychological stress on the healthcare workforce. The present survey aimed to examine the personal resources and psychological symptoms associated with burnout in 933 healthcare workers in Italy during the COVID-19 outbreak period. Sociodemographic and occupational data, depression, anxiety, burnout, and post-traumatic symptoms, as well as psychological well-being, were cross-sectional assessed through an online questionnaire. A considerable part of the sample scored over the clinical levels of depression (57.9%), anxiety (65.2%), post-traumatic symptoms (55%), and burnout (25.61%). Working in the front-line (p < 0.05), being part of the medical staff (p < 0.05), experiencing lower levels of psychological well-being (p < 0.001), and higher levels of post-traumatic symptoms (p < 0.001) independently explained 38% of burnout variance. The healthcare industry, services, and professionals should be aware of the harmful effects of COVID-19 on healthcare workers and take adequate preventive measures.

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