scholarly journals Efficacy of propylene glycol on prevention and treatment of ketosis for dairy cows in lactation stage

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (02) ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
Hai T. Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Untreated Control Group ◽  
Lactation Stage ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of propylene glycol (PG) on prevention and treatment of ketosis in dairy cows from 09/2018 to 03/2019. The study consisted of 2 experiments using a total of 126 multiparous dairy cows in a HF crossbred herd. Cows in both experiments were randomly assigned to treatments in a randomized complete block design. In Exp. 1, 96 cows without ketosis disease (BHBA < 1.4 mmol/L) were assigned to 2 groups (48 cows/group), including (1) untreated control group (no PG) and (2) treatment group (oral PG for 3 consecutive days after parturition). In Exp. 2, 30 ketotic cows (BHBA ≥ 1.4 mmol/L) were divided into 3 groups (10 cows/group), including (1) cows provided with glucose + vitamin B12 + dexamethasone (TT1), (2) cows treated with PG for 3 days (TT2), and (3) combination of TT1 and TT2 (TT3). The results of the Exp. 1 showed that the proportion of ketotic cows was lower (P < 0.01) in the PG-treated group (18.75%) than in the control group (47.92%). The PG treatment also reduced (P < 0.01) the blood ketone concentration of cows as compared with the control without PG use (0.89 vs. 1.22 mmol/L). In the Exp. 2, after treatment the reduction of blood ketone concentration was much greater (P < 0.01) in TT3 cows (1.97 mmol/L) than in TT2 cows (1.30 mmol/L) and TT1 cows (1.23 mmol/L). The percentage of cows recovered from ketosis was greatest in TT3 (90%), followed by TT2 (60%), and then TT1 (50%) (P > 0.05).

Effect of propylene glycol on fertility of postpartum dairy cows experiencing seasonal heat stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Atilla Yildiz ◽  
Zeki Erisir
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Energy Status ◽  
Seasonal Heat

The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of a daily oral drench of Propylene Glycol (PG) on fertility in dairy cows experiencing seasonal heat stress. In treatment group, cows (n=9) were treated with drenching 250 ml propylene glycol once daily from 3 to 15 days post-partum following the morning milking. Another group of cows (n=9) was selected as untreated control. The serum beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) concentrations were used as indicators of energy status of the cows. Days to onset of luteal activity, calving to first service interval and pregnancy rate to first service were used to evaluate the reproductive performance. There was no difference in onset of luteal activity postpartum between the treatment and control groups. But the cows in the treatment group tended to have shorter intervals from calving to first insemination compared with cows in control group. The pregnancy rate to first service for cows treated with PG was 2.50 times greater compared with cows in control group. The energy balance was less negative for treatment group compared with control cows. In conclusion, although, drenching with 250 mL of PG per day from 3 to 15 days after calving did not improve the onset of luteal activity postpartum, treated cows tended to have shorter intervals from calving until first service. Propylene glycol administration would improve the negative energy balance status as observed by serum BHBA concentration, which might be an advantage to increase pregnancy rate at first AI in dairy cows experiencing seasonal heat stress.

scholarly journals PERBEDAAN PENURUNAN TEKANAN DARAH PRA LANSIA PRE HIPERTENSI YANG DIBERI JUS TOMAT (Lycopersicum grandifilum)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-158
Author(s):  
Hari Yani Fadillah
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Tomato Juice ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Blood Pressure Treatment ◽  
And Control

The research aims to know the effect of tomato juice on blood pressure in pre-elderly pre hypertension at Posbindu Puskesmas Nusa Indah Bengkulu City.The design of research was a quasi experiment include pre test post test. This population was all patients posbindu aged 45-59 years. Sampling of this research randomized block design of one factorial were 6 samples divided into treatment and control group. The data which have been analyzed using univariate and bivariate. From this research were obtained the results such as the mean of sistole blood pressure before and after intervention in treatment group p = 0,273 and diastole p = 0,27. Mean systole blood pressure control group p = 0.060 and diastole p = 2.14. Distribution of tomato juice (Lycopersicum grandifilum) did not given affect the decrease in blood pressure of systole diastole before and after intervention in pre-elderly pre hypertension. Whereas the difference in mean systole of blood pressure treatment and control group p = 0.935 and diastolic of blood pressure p = 0.678. There ware not difference in mean of blood pressure in the tomato juice treatment group and control of Vitamin C. The result concluded there were not effect of tomato juice (Lycopersicum grandifilum) on systolic of blood pressure in pre-elderly pre hypertension at Posbindu Puskesmas Nusa Indah Bengkulu City.

Prevention and treatment of post-partum depression: a controlled randomized study on women at risk

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1039-1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. CHABROL, ◽  
F. TEISSEDRE, ◽  
M. SAINT-JEAN, ◽  
N. TEISSEYRE, ◽  
B. ROGÉ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Partum Depression ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Post Natal Depression ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Probable Depression

Background. Research is needed to evaluate the efficacy of prevention and treatment for post-partum depression.Method. Subjects were screened with the Edinburgh Post-natal Depression Scale (EPDS) at the obstetric clinic. Mothers at risk (N = 258) (EPDS scores [ges ]9) were randomly assigned to a prevention/treatment group or a control group. The prevention group received one cognitive-behavioural prevention session during hospitalization. At 4 to 6 weeks post-partum, subjects were screened again with the EPDS, after drop-out rates (refusals plus no return of the second EPDS) of 25.4% (33/130) in the intervention group and 10.9% (14/128) in the control group. Mothers with probable depression (EPDS scores [ges ]11) were assessed using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Mothers with major depression continued in the treatment group (N = 18) or in the control group (N = 30). Treated subjects received a cognitive-behavioural programme of between five and eight weekly home-visits.Results. Compared with the control group, women in the prevention group had significant reductions in the frequency of probable depression (30.2% v. 48.2%). Recovery rates based on HDRS scores of <7 and BDI scores of <4 were also significantly greater in the treated group than in the control group.Conclusions. The study suggests that this programme for prevention and treatment of post-partum depression is reasonably well-accepted and efficacious.

scholarly journals Assessment of the insecticidal activity of oral afoxolaner against Phlebotomus perniciosus in dogs

Parasite ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Nadège Perier ◽  
Wilfried Lebon ◽  
Leon Meyer ◽  
Noua Lekouch ◽  
Nesrine Aouiche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Untreated Control ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Untreated Control Group ◽  
Phlebotomus Perniciosus ◽  
Post Exposure ◽  
Insecticidal Efficacy ◽  
Healthy Dogs

Twelve healthy dogs were included in this laboratory efficacy study. Six dogs were randomly allocated based on body weight to an untreated control group and six to an afoxolaner (NexGard®) treated group. In the treatment group, afoxolaner was administered orally on Day 0 in accordance with label instructions. On Days 1, 14 and 28, each dog was exposed to 60 unfed female and 10 male Phlebotomus perniciosus sandflies for 1 h. At the end of each exposure period, sandflies were counted and assessed for viability and feeding status. There was no statistical difference in mortality (0.0–5.4%), nor in feeding proportion (61.6–78%) between the control and the treated groups at all 1-h post-exposure assessments. After collection, live fed and unfed sandflies were kept for viability assessments at 48 and 72 h post-exposure. In the untreated control group, the average percentages of live, fed, female sandflies after exposure, on Days 1, 14 and 28, ranged from 51% to 74% at 48 h and from 46% to 57% at 72 h, demonstrating model robustness over the 28 days of the study. Significantly fewer live fed sandflies were recorded for the afoxolaner treated group (p < 0.01). The insecticidal efficacy was 100%, 95.9% and 75.2% at 48 h post Days 1, 14 and 28 exposures, respectively, and 100%, 100% and 86.3% at 72 h post Days 1, 14, and 28 exposures, respectively. A single administration of oral afoxolaner (NexGard®) to dogs significantly killed P. perniciosus sandflies 48 and 72 h after blood feeding for 1 month.

scholarly journals Ductal tree ablation by local delivery of ethanol prevents tumor formation in an aggressive mouse model of breast cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Kenyon ◽  
Jennifer J. Westerhuis ◽  
Maximilian Volk ◽  
Jeremy Hix ◽  
Shatadru Chakravarty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Prophylactic Mastectomy ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Tumor Incidence ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Untreated Control Group

Abstract Background Prophylactic mastectomy is the most effective intervention to prevent breast cancer. However, this major surgery has life-changing consequences at the physical, emotional, psychological, and social levels. Therefore, only high-risk individuals consider this aggressive procedure, which completely removes the mammary epithelial cells from which breast cancer arises along with surrounding tissue. Here, we seek to develop a minimally invasive procedure as an alternative to prophylactic mastectomy by intraductal (ID) delivery of a cell-killing solution that locally ablates the mammary epithelial cells before they become malignant. Methods After ID injection of a 70% ethanol-containing solution in FVB/NJ female animals, ex vivo dual stained whole-mount tissue analysis and in vivo X-ray microcomputed tomography imaging were used to visualize ductal tree filling, and histological and multiplex immunohistochemical assays were used to characterize ablative effects and quantitate the number of intact epithelial cells and stroma. After ID injection of 70% ethanol or other solutions in cancer-prone FVB-Tg-C3(1)-TAg female animals, mammary glands were palpated weekly to establish tumor latency and examined after necropsy to record tumor incidence. Statistical difference in median tumor latency and tumor incidence between experimental groups was analyzed by log-rank test and logistic mixed-effects model, respectively. Results We report that ID injection of 70% ethanol effectively ablates the mammary epithelia with limited collateral damage to surrounding stroma and vasculature in the murine ductal tree. ID injection of 70% ethanol into the mammary glands of the C3(1)-TAg multifocal breast cancer model significantly delayed tumor formation (median latency of 150 days in the untreated control group [n = 25] vs. 217 days in the ethanol-treated group [n = 13], p value < 0.0001) and reduced tumor incidence (34% of glands with tumors [85 of 250] in the untreated control group vs. 7.3% of glands with tumor [7 of 95] in the ethanol-treated group, risk ratio = 4.76 [95% CI 1.89 to 11.97, p value < 0.0001]). Conclusions This preclinical study demonstrates the feasibility of local ductal tree ablation as a novel strategy for primary prevention of breast cancer. Given the existing clinical uses of ethanol, ethanol-based ablation protocols could be readily implemented in first-in-human clinical trials for high-risk individuals.

scholarly journals The Femoral Prosthesis Fracture Analysis around Femur after Hip Replacement

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Yuehao Xu
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Locking Plate ◽  
Plate Fixation ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Femoral Prosthesis ◽  
Locking Plate Fixation

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To<strong> </strong>investigate the clinical effects of patients with femoral prosthesis fracture phenomena after the application of locking plate fixation for hip replacement surgery. <strong>Method: </strong>78 cases of postoperative patients with periprosthetic femoral fracture phenomenon after hip replacement were selected and divided randomly into a control and treatment group, respectively, with an average of 39 cases per group. The control group was treated with the shape memory alloy inner ring fixing technology whereas the locking plate fixation was applied for the treatment group. <strong>Result:</strong> Fracture treatment around the femoral prosthesis in patients of treated group was better in comparison to the control group. Significantly, the treatment group revealed shorter duration of hospitalization, the recovery of limb weight-bearing capacity and the healing process as compared to  the control group. Harris scores were significantly higher in the treated group in contrast to the control group. Additionally, lower adverse reaction rate was found in the treatment group as compared to the control group. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Obviously, patient who have femoral periprosthetic fracture phenomena after receiving hip replacement were likelihood to be treated with the locking plate fixation technique.</p>

scholarly journals The effect of carprofen on fresh dairy cows health

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielė Lošytė ◽  
Ieva Navalinskaitė ◽  
Žyginta Prokopavičiūtė ◽  
Ernesta Pocevičienė ◽  
Ramūnas Antanaitis
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stress Indicator ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of stress on the health of fresh-lactation cows and the effect of NSAIDs on the stress indicator cortisol, rumination time (RT) and somatic cell count (SCC). The treatment group of cows (TG) (n = 15) were given a subcutaneous injection of Rimadyl Cattle® (50 mg/ml of carprofen), 1.4 mg per 1 kg BW dose, up to 1 hour after calving. At the same time, the control group of cows (CG) (n = 15) were given an injection of 0.9% NaCl. The whole study looked at the health of cows by recording cases that occurred during the period after calving. Blood cortisol examination was performed within 2, 24 and 48 h after the use of the mentioned drugs. Rumination time was registered with the Lely T4C management program for analysis. Milk composition (SCC) was determined using the Lely T4C management program for analysis. NSAIDs (carprofen 50 mg/ml) statistically significantly reduced cortisol plasma concentrations within 48 h from the use of the drug and did not have an impact on SCC. The use of NSAID increased the average ruminating time from the third to the eleventh day after calving.

scholarly journals Forced Suppression of let-7a-5p in Mouse Blastocysts Improves Implantation Rate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jalleh Shakerzadeh ◽  
Mansoureh Movahedin ◽  
Akram Eidi ◽  
Nasim Hayati Roodbari ◽  
Kazem Parivar
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Embryo Implantation ◽  
Implantation Rate ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Regulated Expression ◽  
Significant Expression ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Sham

Abstract BackgroundEmbryo implantation requires appropriate communication between the blastocyst and endometrium. Recurrent implantation failure is an essential component of assisted reproductive technology. Also, miRNAs-mediated gene expression impacts the implantation process, and the down-regulation of some miRs, such as mmu-let-7a, improves this process. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of let-7a forced-suppression on the mouse implantation rate. MethodsIn total, 100 adult female mice and 10 adult male mice were included (Strain CD-1). We analysed the expression of let-7a and its potential mRNAs targets (Igf1, Il1a, Itgb3, and Tgfb1) in control, sham, and antagomir-treated blastocysts using quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). The control and treated blastocysts were transferred to the 20 pseudopregnant mice so that the effect of let-7a suppression on the rate of implantation could be determined.ResultsThe expression level of let-7a in the treatment group was significantly down-regulated (P=0.001) In contrast, no significant expression changes were observed for let-7a or mRNAs targets when the sham and control groups were compared (P>0.05). In comparison to the controls, the antagomir-treated group exhibited significantly up-regulated expression levels of Igf1 (0.0167), Itgb3 (0.045), and Tgfb1 (0.0115). Additionally, the implantation rate was significantly higher in the treatment group (78%) than the control group (61%) (P=0.0098).ConclusionWe found that forced-suppression of mmu-let-7a-5p through successful transfection of Anti-miR leads to upregulation of downstream genes, Igf1, Itgb3, and Tgfb1, which directly involved in the trophoblast- endometrium attachment and improve the implantation rate.

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Vibroactivated Clinoptilolite Supplementation on the Intramammary Microbiological Findings in Dairy Cows

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dražen Đuričić ◽  
Tomislav Sukalić ◽  
Franjo Marković ◽  
Predrag Kočila ◽  
Ivona Žura Žaja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Intramammary Infection ◽  
Streptococcus Uberis ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp ◽  
Arcanobacterium Pyogenes

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of dietary vibroactivated clinoptilolite supplementation on the intramammary microbiological findings in dairy cows, causative agents of potential intramammary infection, and their sensitivity to antibiotics. Cows (n = 78) were randomly divided into two groups: CPL-treated group that received clinoptilolite (CPL) in-feed (n = 38), i.e., 50 g natural powdered zeolite CPL, twice daily from the seventh month of pregnancy to 75 days after calving, and the control group (CON) of untreated cows (n = 40). Milk samples were taken from each cow on days 7, 25, 45, and 75 postpartum. The following causative pathogens were isolated in 86 udder quarters: Staphylococcus aureus in 5.81% of positive samples, Staphylococcus spp. 9.32%, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS) 22.09%, Streptococcus uberis 13.95%, Streptococcus agalactiae 1.16%, Streptococcus sp. 3.49%, Escherichia coli 8.13%, Enterococcus spp. 6.98%, Corynebacterium spp. 11.63%, Pasteurella sp. 10.47%, Serratia spp. 2.33%, and Arcanobacterium pyogenes, Citrobacter sp., Prototheca sp., and yeasts each in 1.16% of samples. Additionally, 3.87% of environmental microflora samples (n = 47) and 89.06% of udder samples (n = 1083) were bacteriologically negative. The most effective antibiotics were cefoperazone and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, while cloxacillin and tetracycline were the least effective antibiotics in both groups. In the clinoptilolite supplemented (CPL) group (n = 38) of 14 cows, nine causative agents of mastitis were isolated in 27 quarters, while in the control (CON) group (n = 40) of 24 cows, 13 causative agents of mastitis were isolated in 59 quarters. Cows from the CON group had a 1.96 times higher risk of intramammary infection than cows from the CPL group during the observation period (odds ratio = 1.96, p = 0.0031; 95% CI = 1.2570–3.0770).

The effect of feeding protected Methionine on the milk yield and fertility of Friesian dairy cows

1984 ◽  
Vol 1984 ◽  
pp. 126-126
Author(s):  
Bridget Drew ◽  
J A Foulkes ◽  
Jill F B Altman
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Feed Utilisation ◽  
Calving Rate ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

The results of studies undertaken outside the United Kingdom suggest that the inclusion of 50 g of 30% protected DL Methionine (Ketionin) into the ration of conventionally fed dairy cows improves feed utilisation, milk yield, fertility and health. For instance (Spørndly (1981) in Sweden measured the weight of cows during the experimental period and found that the weight loss in the control group was twice that of the cows that received Ketionin. In West Germany a significant increase in milk of 2.0 kg per day was obtained by Kaufmann and Hagemeister (1980) and similar results were reported by Kuther (1982). Stoikov (1978) in studies on 673 cows in Bulgaria showed an improvement in calving rate from 37% in the control group to 55% in the treated group and Daugaard (1978) working in Denmark reported that the inclusion of Ketionin reduced the incidence of Ketosis.

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