Medicine vs Motherhood

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-169
Author(s):  
Caroline Lebus ◽  

I’m sitting at my desk, trying to concentrate. On anything. It’s impossible. No, I should rephrase that, it’s “challenging” is the term I’ve been taught to use. I can’t focus. I have no motivation. And it’s been like this for nine months. I’ve been treated for depression twice in the past and promised I’d never let myself get depressed again. “Let myself” – that phrase shows how ignorant I still was. Whilst on maternity leave, I became snappy, lethargic, irritable, moody and low. I was certain that it was all due to being a mother with a newborn. All new mums are exhausted, right? I couldn’t be bothered to see people, to cook, to do anything really. But surely it was all down to extreme tiredness? I couldn’t be depressed. I come from a secure background, have a loving and supportive husband and family, close friends, a good job (I’m a doctor, did I mention that?), a beautiful house and no financial worries. I had no reason to be depressed. I was diagnosed, however, with depression and anxiety. How could I let it happen again? That’s the point – I didn’t “let it happen”. It’s not my fault. Depression and anxiety are medical illnesses. Like diabetes. Or heart failure. It could happen to anyone. Depression and anxiety permeate your life. Small things become unmanageable. You cry for no reason. You hate yourself. You feel terrible and unrepentant guilt. About everything. It’s a frightening and lonely world. Nobody understands that even when you look happy on the surface, you’re flat inside, terrified that you’re crazy and may not get better. My return to work became the main focus of my anxiety. I would lie in bed at night panicking. I couldn’t concentrate, focus or make decisions. How could I run an acute medical take? Surely I wouldn’t be safe as a doctor anymore? You cannot understand tiredness until you’ve experienced the tiredness associated with having small children. Or the tiredness associated with having small children and depression. Sometimes I feel like I’ll never have any energy ever again. That I will forever be trying to catch up, to get through the day, to make it to bed. I feel like my life is constantly on the brink of chaos and that I can only rest when I collapse into bed. Except that I can’t rest in bed. Bedtime is the worst. I lie there thinking. Thinking about everything. One night I was still awake at midnight, so got out of bed and scribbled down everything that was in my head. I was thinking 47 things at once. That’s how well women can multitask. And that’s why I can’t relax and get to sleep. They say that anxiety makes it hard to fall asleep and depression makes you wake up early. Well I have anxiety, depression, a four year old and a baby, so that makes for little sleep. Depression seeps into your bones. It gnaws away at your soul, until you don’t know who you are anymore. At times you feel overwhelmed with emotion, wretched, beyond help. At other times you feel nothing at all. Absolutely nothing. I don’t know which is more frightening. I wrote this eighteen months ago. I am now back at work as an acute medical consultant, having had Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, psychiatry input and antidepressants. Depression and suicide are more common in the medical profession than in the general public, yet we rarely discuss it. Many of the personality traits that help us to become highly functioning professionals also increase our risk of depression, such as perfectionism and being overly self-critical. Depression has also been shown to be associated with symptoms of burnout, which is commonplace within the medical workforce. Other risk factors for depression within the medical profession include poor relationships with senior doctors, work overload, job responsibility, making mistakes, lack of sleep and a conflicting work-life balance. How to deal with mental health within the medical profession will not be straightforward and will need addressing from medical school onwards. We must recognise the risk factors and provide adequate support, mentoring, debriefing and rest periods. But first, we need to reduce the stigmatisation and start talking about it.

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Griffiths ◽  
Farah Hina

Purpose Insomnia is highly prevalent in prisoners. The purpose of this paper is a review of research evidence on interventions with sleep as an outcome (2000 to 2020) and rates of insomnia prevalence and associated factors in prisons (2015 to 2020). Design/methodology/approach An internet-based search used Medline, PubMed, PsycINFO (EBSCOhost), Embase, Web of Science and Scopus. Seven interventions and eight sleep prevalence or sleep-associated factor papers were identified. Findings Intervention research was very limited and the quality of the research design was generally poor. Interventions such as cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I), yoga and mindfulness can be beneficial in a prison setting. This review identified a high prevalence of insomnia in prisons across the world, which was supported by recent evidence. Factors associated with insomnia include anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, personality disorder and pain. Research limitations/implications There is a need for appropriately powered randomised control trials of CBT-I in prisons and a need to use objective measures of sleep quality. Originality/value Due to a lack of an up-to-date review, this paper fulfils the need for a review of the evidence on interventions in prison settings with sleep as an outcome, rates of insomnia prevalence and associated factors in prisons.


2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-125
Author(s):  
Nancy Patricia Caballero-Suárez ◽  
María Candela Iglesias ◽  
Evelyn Rodríguez Estrada ◽  
Gustavo Reyes Terán ◽  
Angélica Riveros Rosas

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Nutt ◽  
Caroline Bell

Anxiety is a very common and disabling condition which has serious consequences for patients, their families and society in general. The past decade has witnessed an increase in the recognition and understanding of the problem but considerable confusion and debate remains over attitudes towards treatment. The background to this controversy dates from the late 1980s when widespread and vehement criticism of doctors and drug companies over the use of benzodiazepines began. Although the litigation was unsuccessful, it resulted in a pervading feeling of uncertainty (both within the medical profession and among patients) about prescribing or taking any drug as a treatment for anxiety. The situation has been further confounded by the split that has occurred between the proponents of pharmacological and psychological approaches to management. These controversies have left the practising clinician in an unenviable position, with few practical or relevant guidelines to follow. Developments over recent years, however, should put an end to this confusion; new pharmacotherapies such as the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and buspirone, and older ones such as the tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), have emerged as effective alternatives to the benzodiazepines and have been paralleled by a similar growth in effective and available psychological treatments, particularly cognitive and cognitive–behavioural therapy. This progress seems set to continue with the rapid expansion of knowledge about the brain circuits and transmitters regulating anxiety that is now emerging from imaging studies.


2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Echeburúa ◽  
Karmele Salaberría ◽  
Paz de Corral ◽  
Raúl Cenea ◽  
Tomás Berasategui

The aim of this paper was to test the long-term contribution of cognitive-behavioural therapy to the treatment of mixed anxiety-depression disorder. Fifty-seven patients, selected according to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria, were assigned to: 1) cognitive-behavioural therapy; 2) combined therapy (drug and cognitive-behavioural therapy); or 3) a standard drug therapy control group. A multigroup experimental design with repeated measures of assessment (pretreatment, posttreatment, and 3-, 6- and 12 month follow-ups) was used. Most patients who were treated (71%) in experimental groups showed significant improvement at the 12-month follow-up, but there were no differences between the two therapeutic modes. No improvement was shown by the control-group participants at the 6-month follow-up. The results of the present trial do not support the beneficial effects of drug therapy by itself for this disorder. Finally, several topics that may contribute to future research in this field are discussed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A2-A3
Author(s):  
S Verma ◽  
N Quin ◽  
L Astbury ◽  
C Wellecke ◽  
J Wiley ◽  
...  

Abstract Introduction Symptoms of postpartum insomnia are common however interventions remain scarce. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) and Light Dark Therapy (LDT) target distinct mechanisms to improve sleep. This randomised controlled superiority trial compared CBT and LDT against treatment-as-usual (TAU) in reducing maternal postpartum insomnia symptoms. Methods Nulliparous females 4–12 months postpartum with self-reported symptoms of insomnia (Insomnia Severity Index scores >7) were included; excluded were those at risk or with high medical/psychiatric needs. Eligible participants were randomised 1:1:1 to 6 weeks of CBT, LDT (gaining light upon awakening, night-time light avoidance) or TAU. Interventions were therapist-assisted through two telephone calls and included automated self-help emails over six weeks. Symptoms of insomnia (ISI; primary outcome), sleep disturbance, fatigue, sleepiness, depression, and anxiety were assessed at baseline, mid-intervention, post-intervention, and 1-month post-intervention. Latent growth models were used. Results 114 participants (mean age=32.2±4.6 years) were randomised. There were significantly greater reductions in insomnia and sleep disturbance in both intervention groups with very large effect sizes (d>1·4, p<0·0001) from baseline to post-intervention compared to TAU; improvements were maintained at one-month follow-up. There were greater reductions in fatigue symptoms in the CBT group (d=0.85, p<.0001) but not LDT (p=0.11) compared to TAU; gains were maintained for CBT at follow-up. Changes in sleepiness, depression and anxiety over time were non-significant compared to TAU (p-values>0.08). Conclusion Therapist-assisted CBT and LDT are both efficacious for reducing postpartum insomnia symptoms. Findings were mixed for fatigue, sleepiness and mood. Future research is needed on predictors of treatment response.


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