scholarly journals WOMEN'S RIGHTS IN CHILDBIRTH DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A Comparison of WHO Guidelines to Policies, Recommendations, and Practices in the US And Germany

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Nikolina Klatt ◽  
Ines Böhret
Author(s):  
Sari Kouvo ◽  
Corey Levine

Since the emergence of the Taliban movement in Afghanistan, the situation of Afghan women has been a prominent issue in media and policy. This chapter analyzes the complex and contested role of women’s rights in Afghanistan since the US military-led intervention. Beginning with a review of justifications for the intervention—based in part on the situation of Afghan women—the chapter details and critiques the legislative and constitutional changes brought about by the intervention and the subsequent backlash against increased freedoms. As the international community shifted to prioritize security and stability over women’s rights, it illustrates the abandonment of Afghan women in favor of the possibility of negotiations with the Taliban. The chapter calls for greater involvement of women in peace processes and a genuine commitment to women’s rights by both the government and the international community. It closes with recommendations for other countries in transition.


Significance Khalilzad's efforts to kick-start a peace process have had a significant impact on Taliban thinking about future strategy. Some see transforming the insurgency into a political movement as the best way forward. Impacts Russia says it supports the US-led peace drive, but its rival efforts may be more disruptive than helpful. Women's rights have no powerful external champion given US haste for a deal and could be rapidly eroded. Disarming the Taliban's armed forces will become an obstacle if a political settlement is agreed.


2020 ◽  
Vol 148 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-40
Author(s):  
Krisztián Manzinger ◽  
Péter Wagner

Answering to local expectations and the need for a reliant partner for the US Army in the fight against ISIS, a Kurdish-based de facto autonomous territory emerged in Northern Syria, which later turned into a multicultural entity. The characteristically leftist political, social, and economic changes implemented by the new regime differ considerably from the government models practised in the region; however, they also trigger significant criticism. Although in 2018 and 2019, the entity suffered important losses in territory due to the geopolitical interests of Russia, the US, and Turkey, the Au-tonomous Administration of North and East Syria still could be a solid pillar in Syria’s future. This is not only due to its strategic and military importance, but also because the political system could provide, nevertheless, after some changes, an alternative for the Middle East in terms of multicultural governance, women’s rights and society-building based on mutual respect.


Significance The action urges women to strike or avoid making purchases to highlight women’s importance in society. It follows marches in the United States and across the world on January 21 against the election of Donald Trump to the presidency of the United States. Impacts The US cut in reproductive health services funding will restrict access to contraception for millions of women globally. This could lead to increases in unsafe abortion, and higher maternal death rates. In Europe, the rise of far-right governments may also result in reversals in legislation protecting women’s rights.


Subject The US-Taliban deal. Significance As Washington signed a peace agreement with the Taliban on February 29 after 18 years of war, a separate US intervention delayed but did not remove the risk that two claimants to the presidency will try to run rival administrations, disrupting Kabul's already weak negotiating capacity. Impacts The Taliban's flexible interpretation of ceasefires will create hitches, as the agreement does not specify deconfliction or disarmament. The Taliban leadership will have to curb wayward elements who oppose peace. US military casualties might prompt President Donald Trump to halt the deal as he did in September. The proposed Afghan negotiation team may be too weak to prevent an erosion of women's rights and other basic freedoms.


2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 415-437
Author(s):  
Paolo Amorosa

Abstract Histories of equal rights for women in international law normally begin with post-World War II initiatives. Such an approach leaves out two treaties signed at the 1933 Montevideo Pan-American Conference, the Equal Nationality Treaty and the Equal Rights Treaty, which remain forgotten among international lawyers. By reconstructing their inception and intellectual background, this article aims to raise awareness about debates on international law among feminist activists in the interwar years. In turn, the focus on activist work allows for the recovery of the contribution of women to the development of the discipline in that seminal period, a contribution usually obfuscated by men’s predominance in diplomatic and academic roles. By outlining the contribution of two key promoters of the Montevideo treaties – Doris Stevens and Alice Paul of the National Woman’s Party – the article takes a step towards the re-inclusion of women’s rights activists within the shared heritage of international law and its history.


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