MOLECULAR CLONING OF X LOCUS AND MARKER-ASSISTED SELECTION OF NON-RESTORING ALLELE FOR OWEN CYTOPLASMIC MALE STERILITY

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazunori Taguchi ◽  
Mari Moritani ◽  
Tetsuo Mikami ◽  
Tomohiko Kubo
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Molecular Cloning ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Sequence analysis of the mtDNA region correlated with Shaan 2A cytoplasmic male sterility in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 139-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Havlíčková ◽  
V. Čurn ◽  
E. Jozová ◽  
V. Kučera ◽  
M. Vyvadilová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Cms Line ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Improved Cultivars ◽  
Hybrid Cultivar ◽  
Fertility Restorers ◽  
Selection Of

Until now in Europe has not been cultivated any hybrid cultivar of oilseed rape based on the Shaan 2A cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), a widely used CMS system in China. The aim of Czech breeders now is to produce new, improved cultivars of rapeseed based on this CMS system. Sterile Shaan 2A CMS line (S; rf/rf), its corresponding maintainers (N; rf/rf) and fertility restorers (S; Rf/Rf) were analyzed on molecular level for the presence of functional CMS cytoplasm. Two new primer pairs covering CMS-associated gene (so called orf224-1) present in Shaan 2A CMS line were developed and selection capability of the developed primers was successfully evaluated. These primers can be used for early selection of plants with functional Shaan 2A CMS system in breeding programmes.

scholarly journals CYTOPLASMIC MALE STERILITY IN BARLEY. XI. THE msm2 CYTOPLASM

Genetics ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-295
Author(s):  
H Ahokas
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Restorer Gene ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Partial Restoration ◽  
Restoration Ability ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT A new cytoplasmic male sterility in barley (Hordeum vulgare s.l.) is described and designated as msm2. The cytoplasm was derived from a selection of the wild progenitor of barley (H. vulgare ssp. spontaneum). This selection, 79BS14-3, originates from the Southern Coastal Plain of Israel. The selection 79BS14-3 has a normal spike fertility in Finland. When 79BS14-3 was crossed by cv. Adorra, the F1 displayed partial male fertility and progeny of recurrent backcrosses with cv. Adorra were completely male sterile. Evidently 79BS14-3 is a carrier of a recessive or semidominant restorer gene of fertility. The dominant restorer gene Rfm1a for another cytoplasmic male sterility, msm1, is also effective in msm2 cytoplasm. The different partial fertility restoration properties of msm2 and msm1 cause these cytoplasms to be regarded as being distinct. Seventy spontaneum accessions from Israel have been studied for their capacity to produce F1 restoration of male fertility both in msm1 and in msm2 cytoplasms with a cv. Adorra-like seed parent (nuclear gene) background. The msm2 cytoplasm shows partial restoration more commonly than msm1 in these F1 combinations. The mean restoration percentage per accession for msm2 is 28, and for msm1 4. Most of the F1 seed set differences of the two cytoplasms are statistically significant. When estimated with partially restored F1 combinations, msm2 cytoplasm appeared to be about 50 times more sensitive to the male fertility-promoting genes present in the spontaneum accessions. The spontaneum sample from Central and Western Negev, which has been found to be devoid of restoration ability in msm1 cytoplasm, had only low partial restoration ability in msm2 (mean 0.3%). The female fertility of msm2 appears normal. The new msm2 cytoplasm could be useful in producing hybrid barley.

scholarly journals USE OF INDICATORS OF BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SEEDS FOR BREEDING FOR HETEROSIS WINTER OILSEED RAPE BASED CYTOPLASMIC MALE STERILITY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Vyshnevsky ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Crop Capacity ◽  
Selection Of

The paper presents the results of research (2014-2017) on the creation of source material for the selection of hybrids of winter oilseed rape on the basis of cytoplasmic male sterility. The source material was varieties, hybrids, lines of individual selection of the Institute of Feed Research and Agriculture of Podillya NAAS, collection samples of domestic and foreign selection. We used 44 genotypes of winter oilseed rape in 2014-16 as parents for pollination with a form with cytoplasmic male sterility. Material for breeding was taken taking into account many years of processing according to seed productivity, indicators of biochemical composition, winter resistance, oleaginousness, length of growing season, lesion of pathogens of disease and damage to pests. To accelerate the selection process for the creation of competitive domestic varieties and hybrids of winter oilseed rape, studies were conducted on the biochemical parameters of seeds of F1 hybrids obtained on the basis of cytoplasmic male sterility. By indicators of the content of erucic acid, glucosinolates from 25 combinations of 2016, seven combinations are allocated, in which the biochemical composition of the seeds correspond to such requirements; Oil - erucic acid is absent, or its traces are contained, and the content of glucosinolates does not exceed 25 μmol/g. In 2017, in studies on the manifestation of heterosis and the creation of highly heterosis hybrids using CMS on their basis, 19 new hybrids and 7 best ones of 2016 were used. In terms of oil quality and yield in 2017 with 26 numbers have highlighted 15, 7 of them are of 2016. According to the results of a two-year trial, we have the following results: 2016, the total average crop capacity of the 7 best hybrids was 7.41 t/ha, which was 2.59 t/ha higher than the standard; 2017, these combinations showed a total average crop capacity of 6.58 t/ha, which was 1.8 t/ha higher than the standard. The manifestation of heterosis in winter oilseed rape hybrids on average for two years was observed at 46%. The expediency of selection work is determined, to create the source material of commercial hybrids of winter oilseed rape, which includes early detection, even at the stage of first-generation hybrids, promising two-zero lines of restorers and fixers of cytoplasmic male sterility. The study gives the chance in the further exclusion from the selection program of works on improvement of biochemical indicators of the received initial material.

scholarly journals Molecular markers of genes for extreme resistance to potato virus Y in varieties and hybrids Solanum tuberosum L.

2019 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
V. A. Biryukova ◽  
I. V. Shmiglya ◽  
V. A. Zharova ◽  
M. P. Beketova ◽  
E. V. Rogozina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Molecular Screening ◽  
Extreme Resistance ◽  
Selection Of

Potato virus Y (PVY) are among the most harmful viral pathogens that reduce the yield and quality of potatoes. The number of modern varieties resistant to a wide range of PVY strains is very limited, therefore, the selection of potatoes in this direction does not become irrelevant. Molecular markers of the Ry genes are universal tools for identifying new sources of resistance among existing biodiversity of potato genotypes. Since potato varieties and hybrids containing Rysto tend to exhibit cytoplasmic male sterility associated with mitochondrial DNA, the definition of cytoplasmic types is important. In the article, molecular markers of the Ry genes YES3-3A, YES3-3B, RYSC3, Ry186 were used for screening foreign and Russian varieties and hybrids potatoes from the collections of Lorch Potato Research Institute and N.I.Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources. Molecular screening and analysis of рedigree revealed that russian varieties and hybrids of potatoes characterized by extreme resistance to PVY were obtained on the basis of foreign varieties Alwara, Arosa, Bison, Bobr, Roko, as well as backcrosses of the Hungarian selection donors of the Rysto gene linked to cytoplasmic male sterility, and forms 128/6 a donor of the Ryadg gene, derived from S. stoloniferum. The marker RYSC3 coupled to Ryadg was found in interspecies hybrids of N.I.Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources 8-1-2004, 8-3-2004, 8-5-2004, 135-5-2005, 135-3-2005, having the same origin with the participation of S. okadae species K-20921 Hawkes et Hjerting and S. chacoense K-19759 Bitt. The marker Ry186 of the gene Rychc is rare. It is present in 5% of the potato genotypes. Molecular screening revealed samples of potatoes with markers of the Ry genes. They are of particular interest for further breeding. Data on the presence of Ry markers of genes in potato varieties and hybrids, serve as valuable information in the selection of initial forms for hybridization.

scholarly journals Marker-Assisted Selection of Trees with MALE STERILITY 1 in Cryptomeria japonica D. Don

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinari Moriguchi ◽  
Saneyoshi Ueno ◽  
Yoichi Hasegawa ◽  
Takumi Tadama ◽  
Masahiro Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Linkage Map ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Tree Breeding ◽  
Segregation Ratio ◽  
Linkage Maps ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Miyagi Prefecture ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Selection Of

The practical use of marker-assisted selection (MAS) is limited in conifers because of the difficulty with developing markers due to a rapid decrease in linkage disequilibrium, the limited genomic information available, and the diverse genetic backgrounds among the breeding material collections. First, in this study, two families were produced by artificial crossing between two male-sterile trees, ‘Shindai11’ and ‘Shindai12’, and a plus tree, ‘Suzu-2’ (Ms1/ms1) (S11-S and S12-S families, respectively). The segregation ratio between the male-sterile and male-fertile trees did not deviate significantly from the expected 1:1 ratio in either family. These results clearly suggested that the male-sterile gene of ‘Shindai11’ and ‘Shindai12’ is MALE STERILITY 1 (MS1). Since it is difficult to understand the relative positions of each marker, due to the lack of a linkage map which all the closely linked markers previously reported are mapped on, we constructed a partial linkage map of the region encompassing MS1 using the S11-S and S12-S families. For the S11-S and S12-S families, 19 and 18 markers were mapped onto the partial linkage maps of the MS1 region, respectively. There was collinearity (conserved gene order) between the two partial linkage maps. Two markers (CJt020762_ms1-1 and reCj19250_2335) were mapped to the same position as the MS1 locus on both maps. Of these markers, we used CJt020762 for the MAS in this study. According to the MAS results for 650 trees from six prefectures of Japan (603 trees from breeding materials and 47 trees from the Ishinomaki natural population), five trees in Niigata Prefecture and one tree in Yamagata Prefecture had heterozygous ms1-1, and three trees in Miyagi Prefecture had heterozygous ms1-2. The results obtained in this study suggested that ms1-1 and ms1-2 have different geographical distributions. Since MAS can be used effectively to reduce the labor and time required for selection of trees with a male-sterile gene, the research should help ensure that the quantity of breeding materials will increase to assist future tree-breeding efforts.

Evaluation and selection of sources of cytoplasmic male sterility in broccoli

Euphytica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 215 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinshuai Shu ◽  
Yumei Liu ◽  
Lili Zhang ◽  
Zhansheng Li ◽  
Zhiyuan Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Influence of the winter rape hybrids rosette development on its productivity and winter resistance

1970 ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
V.D. Buhayov ◽  
S.P. Vyshnevskyi
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Winter Rape ◽  
Fertility Restorer ◽  
National University ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose. In order to accelerate the breeding process for the creation of competitive domestic varieties and hybrids of winter rape, a research on the influence of the size of the rosette of plants in autumn on winter hardiness and productivity for early detection of promising winter rape hybrids based on cytoplasmic male sterility was conducted. Methods. As the initial material cultivars, hybrids, lines of individual selection and in-breeding obtained at the Institute of Feed Research and Agriculture of Podillya of NAAS, collection samples of domestic and foreign selection of winter rape were taken. For the study, 47 genotypes of winter rape, which were used in 2014-2015 as parents for pollination with a form of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), obtained from the Uman National University of Horticulture were also selected. Results. The studies were carried out in 2015-17 on the experimental fields of the Institute of Feed Research and Agriculture of Podillya of NAAS on crops of first-generation hybrids to search for a monogenic fertility restorer and sterility fixer on a sample of winter rape with cytoplasmic male sterility of the CMS ogura type. It was found that the size of the plant rosette in hybrids in autumn positively strongly correlated with the level of seed yield (2016 – r = 0.975; 2017 – r = 0.974) and from weakly positive to negative – overwintering (r = 0.091 and r = -0.159, respectively). Conclusions. It was found that the hybrids reacted differently to the overwintering conditions, which indicates the genetic ability of rapeseed hybrids to tolerate low temperatures and a complex of unfavorable environmental factors. For the creation of winter-hardy varieties and hybrids, the rosette size indicator is not decisive for the selection. It will only be effective for diagnosing the level of seed yield of winter-hardy hybrids.

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