scholarly journals Warming shows differential effects on late-season growth and competitive capacity of Elodea canadensis and Potamogeton crispus in shallow lakes

Inland Waters ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiufeng Zhang ◽  
Rikke Odgaard ◽  
Birgit Olesen ◽  
Torben L Lauridsen ◽  
Lone Liboriussen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Lakes ◽  
Elodea Canadensis ◽  
Potamogeton Crispus ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Late Season

scholarly journals Seasonality and Species Specificity of Submerged Macrophyte Biomass in Shallow Lakes Under the Influence of Climate Warming and Eutrophication

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoping Wu ◽  
Beibei Hao ◽  
Hyunbin Jo ◽  
Yanpeng Cai
Keyword(s):  
Climate Warming ◽  
Shallow Lakes ◽  
Nutrient Enrichment ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Submerged Macrophytes ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Species Specificity ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Potamogeton Crispus ◽  
Explanatory Factors

Climate warming and eutrophication caused by anthropogenic activities strongly affect aquatic ecosystems. Submerged macrophytes usually play a key role in shallow lakes and can maintain a stable clear state. It is extremely important to study the effects of climate warming and eutrophication on the growth of submerged macrophytes in shallow lakes. However, the responses of submerged macrophytes to climate warming and eutrophication are still controversial. Additionally, the understanding of the main pathways impacting submerged macrophytes remains to be clarified. In addition, the influence of seasonality on the growth responses of submerged macrophytes to climate warming and eutrophication requires further elucidation. In this study, we conducted a series of mesocosm experiments with four replicates across four seasons to study the effects of rising temperature and nutrient enrichment on the biomass of two submerged macrophytes, Potamogeton crispus and Elodea canadensis. Our results demonstrated the seasonality and species specificity of plant biomass under the influence of climate warming and eutrophication, as well as the main explanatory factors in each season. Consistent with the seasonal results, the overall results showed that E. canadensis biomass was directly increased by rising temperature rather than by nutrient enrichment. Conversely, the overall results showed that P. crispus biomass was indirectly reduced by phosphorus enrichment via the strengthening of competition among primary producers. Distinct physiological and morphological traits may induce species-specific responses of submerged macrophytes to climate warming and eutrophication, indicating that further research should take interspecies differences into account.

scholarly journals Variations écologiques et chorologiques de la végétation macrophytique des rivières acides du Massif armoricain et des Vosges du Nord (France)

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Haury ◽  
S. Muller
Keyword(s):  
Elodea Canadensis ◽  
Potamogeton Crispus ◽  
Nuphar Lutea ◽  
Nasturtium Officinale ◽  
Scapania Undulata ◽  
Juncus Bulbosus ◽  
Myriophyllum Alterniflorum

La végétation macrophytique des rivières acides d'Europe occidentale présente une grande unité, marquée par la constance d'un ensemble floristique de base, dont certaines espèces (Callitriche hamulata, Myriophyllum alterniflorum, Potamogeton polygonifolius, P. alpinus, etc) sont propres à ces eaux acides, d'autres (Callitriche platycarpa, Sparganium emersum, Elodea canadensis, Potamogeton crispus, etc) étant communes avec les eaux calcaires. Cet ensemble subit des variations écologiques et chorologiques : L'augmentation du niveau trophique des eaux conduit d'une végétation oligotrophe (différenciée par P. polygonifolius, Juncus bulbosus, etc) à un groupement mésoeutrophe (caractérisé par Callitriche obtusangula, Nasturtium officinale, etc). Ainsi, quatre types de phytocénoses ont pu étre distingués dans les Vosges du Nord en fonction de ce paramètre. D'autre part, une pollution organique localisée, par exemple par une pisciculture en Bretagne, provoque une augmentation des espèces eutrophes (C. obtusangula) et une régression des taxons plus oligotrophes (Scapania undulata). L'alternance de biotopes courants et lents se traduit par un remplacement de phytocénoses : ainsi, en Bretagne, Oenanthe crocata et Ranunculus penicillafus sont associées sur les radiers, alors que Nuphar lutea et S. emersum caractérisent les mouilles. De plus, une diminution de l'éclairement permet la présence de groupements bryophytiques spécifiques.Les principales variations chorologiques entre les deux territoires correspondent à un enrichissement des zones atlantiques en macrophytes euatlantiques ou méditerranéoatiantiques, comme O. crocata ou Apium inundatum, qui manquent dans les régions médioeuropéennes. En outre, selon les territoires biogéographiques, l'écologie de certaines espèces peut varier (par exempte S. emersum, R. peltatus, P. polygonifolius). Les macrophytes permettent donc, à l'instar des invertébrés benthiques, l'élaboration de biodiagnostics des eaux courantes.

Differential effects of bismuth sub-salicylate (BSS) in acute non-cholera watery diarrhea in Bangladeshi children

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A215-A215
Author(s):  
P BARDHAN ◽  
S HUQ ◽  
S SARKER ◽  
D MAHALANABIS ◽  
K GYR
Keyword(s):  
Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Differential Effects

CCK-1 and CCK-2 receptors mediate differential effects of cholecystokinin on the motor activity of distal colon

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A173-A174
Author(s):  
F BASCHIERA ◽  
C BLANDIZZI ◽  
M FOMAI ◽  
M TACCA
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Distal Colon ◽  
Differential Effects

Differential Effects of Executive Processes on Working Memory

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 239-249
Author(s):  
Xuezhu Ren ◽  
Tengfei Wang ◽  
Karl Schweizer ◽  
Jing Guo
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Working Memory Capacity ◽  
Memory Capacity ◽  
Attention Control ◽  
Executive Processes ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Prepotent Response ◽  
Two Measures

Abstract. Although attention control accounts for a unique portion of the variance in working memory capacity (WMC), the way in which attention control contributes to WMC has not been thoroughly specified. The current work focused on fractionating attention control into distinctly different executive processes and examined to what extent key processes of attention control including updating, shifting, and prepotent response inhibition were related to WMC and whether these relations were different. A number of 216 university students completed experimental tasks of attention control and two measures of WMC. Latent variable analyses were employed for separating and modeling each process and their effects on WMC. The results showed that both the accuracy of updating and shifting were substantially related to WMC while the link from the accuracy of inhibition to WMC was insignificant; on the other hand, only the speed of shifting had a moderate effect on WMC while neither the speed of updating nor the speed of inhibition showed significant effect on WMC. The results suggest that these key processes of attention control exhibit differential effects on individual differences in WMC. The approach that combined experimental manipulations and statistical modeling constitutes a promising way of investigating cognitive processes.

On the Semantic Content of Grammatical Gender and Its Impact on the Representation of Human Referents

2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 367-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Irmen ◽  
Julia Kurovskaja
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Content ◽  
Grammatical Gender ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Gender Information ◽  
Masculine Role ◽  
Feminine Role ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Categories ◽  
Open Question

Grammatical gender has been shown to provide natural gender information about human referents. However, due to formal and conceptual differences between masculine and feminine forms, it remains an open question whether these gender categories influence the processing of person information to the same degree. Experiment 1 compared the semantic content of masculine and feminine grammatical gender by combining masculine and feminine role names with either gender congruent or incongruent referents (e.g., Dieser Lehrer [masc.]/Diese Lehrerin [fem.] ist mein Mann/meine Frau; This teacher is my husband/my wife). Participants rated sentences in terms of correctness and customariness. In Experiment 2, in addition to ratings reading times were recorded to assess processing more directly. Both experiments were run in German. Sentences with grammatically feminine role names and gender incongruent referents were rated as less correct and less customary than those with masculine forms and incongruent referents. Combining a masculine role name with an incongruent referent slowed down reading to a greater extent than combining a feminine role name with an incongruent referent. Results thus specify the differential effects of masculine and feminine grammatical gender in denoting human referents.

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