Atom Transfer Radical Graft Copolymerization on a Poly(Epichlorohydrin-CO-Ethylene Oxide) (ECO) Elastomer

2008 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalaga Manikyaharithus ◽  
Nikhil K. Singha
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Oxide ◽  
Radical Polymerization ◽  
Graft Copolymerization ◽  
Microphase Separation ◽  
Controlled Radical Polymerization ◽  
Side Reactions ◽  
Atom Transfer ◽  
Poor Control ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Grafting From

Abstract Graft copolymerization by conventional radical polymerization leads to poor control in molecular weight and quite often gel formation because of several side reactions. In this investigation, PMMA was grafted on poly(epichlorohydrine-co-ethylene oxide) (ECO) elastomer by using ‘grafting from’ technique via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), a very recently developed method of controlled radical polymerization. The pendant —Cl group in ECO rubber was activated by using CuBr catalyst and thus macromolecular chain in ECO rubber acted as macroinitiator. Grafting of PMMA on ECO was confirmed by FT-IR and NMR analyses. DSC traces showed two Tgs in PMMA grafted ECO rubbers indicating microphase separation of hard and glassy PMMA microdomains in the flexible elastomeric ECO matrix. Interestingly, there was large increase in tensile strength and tension set in the ECO-grafted-PMMA materials.

scholarly journals Design and fabrication of dual responsive lignin-based nanogel via “grafting from” atom transfer radical polymerization for curcumin loading and release

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Dinari ◽  
Mahdi Abdollahi ◽  
Majid Sadeghizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization ◽  
Radical Polymerization ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Atom Transfer ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Dual Responsive ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Temperature And Ph Responsiveness ◽  
Grafting From

AbstractThe story of human dreams about curing all diseases, disorders and lesions is as old as human history. In the frontier of medical science, nanomedicine is trying to solve the problem. In this study, inspired by nanotechnology and using “grafting from” approach, a novel lignin-based nanogel was synthesized using atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) method. N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and N,N-dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate (DMAEMA) comonomers were graft copolymerized from fully brominated lignin as ATRP macroinitiator to synthesize lignin-g-P(NIPAM-co-DMAEMA) nanogel (LNDNG). By controlling the initial comonomer compositions and ATRP conditions, four LNDNG systems with different lower critical solution temperatures (LCSTs) of 32, 34, 37 and 42 °C were prepared. The LNDNGs were evaluated by GPC, FT-IR, 1H NMR, UV–Vis, DLS, SEM and TEM analyses. The prepared nanogels exhibited an average diameter of 150 nm with dual temperature and pH responsiveness. Curcumin (CUR) loading capacity and encapsulation efficiency of the LNDNGs were 49.69% and 92.62% on average, respectively. The cumulative release amount of loaded CUR was observed to be 65.36% after 72 h. The new lignin-based NGs proposed in the present work seems to be a promising, safe and comparable system in a near future.

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