Observations on the Relation between Laboratory and Test-Stand Measurements of Tire Treads and Their Behavior on the Road

1956 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 806-828
Author(s):  
W. Kern
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Test Stand ◽  
Test Apparatus ◽  
Testing Technique ◽  
Elementary Processes ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Roughness ◽  
Service Conditions ◽  
Construction Type ◽  
On The Road

Abstract The only way to get a complete picture of the characteristics of tire treads is to classify the tests according to the influence of the compound, construction, type of vehicle, and type of road. Only by adapting tests in the laboratory, on the test stand, and on the road to the nature and intensity of practical service conditions, can good correlation be expected. Laboratory tests show at most the effect of the compound and possibly that of the nature of the road (roughness) and that of the climate (temperature). It is reserved for test stand and road experiments to bring out those properties that are affected by the tread pattern and the type of vehicle. We see as an essential task of laboratory testing technique not so much the creation of new complicated laboratory testing apparatus, as in better and better analysis, using new measuring methods, of the action on tires on test stands and in service, in order from this to find improvements in the available test apparatus and to base these on definite unfalsified elementary processes. The knowledge of the practical conditions not only has the advantage of improving the correlation, but makes it possible even in advance to strive for a goal-seeking development aimed at bettering the tire characteristics, since then one knows in advance what conditions are involved.

scholarly journals Effect of Road Profile on Suspension System of Heavy Truck

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
Salem F. Salman
Keyword(s):  
Steering System ◽  
Suspension System ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Profile ◽  
Road Roughness ◽  
Road Type ◽  
Heavy Truck ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Stability

All vehicles are affected by the type of the road they are moving on it.  Therefore the stability depends mainly on the amount of vibrations and steering system, which in turn depend on two main factors: the first is on the road type, which specifies the amount of vibrations arising from the movement of the wheels above it, and the second on is the type of the used suspension system, and how the parts connect with each other. As well as the damping factors, the tires type, and the used sprungs. In the current study, we will examine the effect of the road roughness on the performance coefficients (speed, displacement, and acceleration) of the joint points by using a BOGE device.

STUDY ON THE ROAD TRANSMITTED VIBRATION OF A MOUNTAIN BICYCLE

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Yusuf Ismail ◽  
Nur Rashid Mat Nuri ◽  
Mazlan Ahmad Mansor ◽  
Muhamad Farid Anwar Shukri ◽  
Mohamad Amirul Afiq
Keyword(s):  
Field Test ◽  
Contact Area ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Vibration Level ◽  
Experimental Assessment ◽  
Surface Conditions ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Roughness ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Force Excitation

Mountain bicycle (MTB) is one the most favorite vehicles in the globe. MTB comfort, in consequence, has then become a challenge issue to the manufacturers since MTB nowadays is not only being used for sports and exercises, but also for daily activities. One of the simplest methods to assess vehicle comfort is by evaluating their vibration level. Thus, this paper presents an experimental assessment on the road transmitted vibration on a MTB through a field test subjected to different road surface conditions and tire sizes. The result shows that the cycling comfort is significantly affected by the road roughness condition and tire size. As the road is rougher, higher force excitation is generated to the bike which is then generating higher vibration. Similarly, as the contact area between the tire and the road is increased, bike vibration is also significantly increased.

Study on the Dynamic Wheel Load of Multi-Axle Vehicle Based on Distribute Loading Weight

2010 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Zhong Hong Dong
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Load ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Tire Pressure ◽  
Wheel Load ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Roughness ◽  
Tire Stiffness ◽  
On The Road

To study the dynamic wheel load on the road, a dynamic multi-axle vehicle mode has been developed, which is based on distribute loading weight and treats tire stiffness as the function of tire pressure and wheel load. Taking a tractor-semitrailer as representative, the influence factors and the influence law of the dynamic load were studied. It is found that the load coefficient increases with the increase of road roughness, vehicle speed and tire pressure, yet it decreases with the increase of axle load. Combining the influences of road roughness, vehicle speed, axle load and tire pressure, the dynamic load coefficient is 1.14 for the level A road, 1.19 for the level B road, 1.27 for the level C road, and 1.36 for the level D road.

scholarly journals METROLOGICAL SUPPORT OF GEODETIC WORKS IN THE ROAD ROUGHNESS MEASURING

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (166) ◽  
pp. 130-133
Author(s):  
H. Sarkisian ◽  
V. Tymoshevskyi ◽  
S. Urdzik
Keyword(s):  
Metrological Support ◽  
Dynamic Load ◽  
Road Maintenance ◽  
Rigid Pavement ◽  
The Road ◽  
Pavement Roughness ◽  
Road Roughness ◽  
Accuracy Of Measurements ◽  
On The Road

Most of the transport and operational indicators that directly affect the road roughness depend on the roughness of coverage. Therefore, the control and timely monitoring of the road roughness is an extremely important issue that needs the attention of road maintenance services. At monitoring of the road roughness it is most expedient to use a technique of leveling of a covering. The method of leveling the coating provides more detailed information about the coating and allows you to determine the smallest deformations on the road coating, which may be at the first stage of their development, especially at that stage of their development, and show roughness and various parameters. One of the main tasks of measurements in the process of performing geodetic works is not only to obtain the measurement result, but also to assess its reliability. The required quality of instrumental measurement can not be achieved without adhering to the principles of unity and the required accuracy of measurements, so much attention should be paid to the metrological support of geodetic works. The purpose of this article is to analyze the metrological support of geodetic works in determining the pavement roughness and substantiation of the required accuracy of measuring the non-rigid pavement roughness. On the basis of dependences for determining the coefficient of dynamic load on pavement and the correlation between the pavement roughness and the coefficient of dynamic load and on the basis of experimental data, the necessary accuracy of measuring the non-rigid pavement roughness is substantiated. Based on the analysis, it was found that the accuracy of determining the height of the irregularities should not exceed 0.5 mm, for which it is necessary to use optical or electron-optical levels.

scholarly journals Interpretation of Non-Exhaust Brake Emission Standard: Laboratory Testing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinfeng Zhang ◽  
Cheng Tian ◽  
Zhihui Niu ◽  
Xudong Li
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Brake Disc ◽  
Emission Standard ◽  
The Road ◽  
New Energy ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Detailed Interpretation ◽  
Safety Systems ◽  
New Energy Vehicles

Now there are more and more new energy vehicles on the road, compare to the traditional vehicles that use the oil to offer the power, the new energy vehicles use electric or hydrogen to offer the power, which have no exhaust pollution emission, but also have non-exhaust emission. Brake and tyre system are the special components of vehicles due to the frequent replacement, they are the main source of the non-exhaust emission. Brake system is one of the most important safety systems of vehicles. The system can reduce the speed of the vehicle and keep the vehicle stable when going downhill. Friction between brake disc and pads or shoes during driving creates small particles that are released into the atmosphere, soil and rivers. The particles have different dimensions, some element or matter inside maybe harmful to human and environment. So it is very important to know more about the non-exhaust brake emission. Here, we focus on the specification of GRPE-81-12 “Non-Exhaust Brake Emissions – Laboratory testing – Part 1: Inertia Dynamometer Protocol to Measure and Characterise Brake Emissions Using the WLTP-Brake Cycle” and do the detailed interpretation.

scholarly journals Stabilitas Tanah Timbunan Sisi BH-1 Proyek Jalan Akses Pembangunan Jembatan Pulau Balang II

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Juandra Hartono ◽  
Umi Khoiroh ◽  
Muhammad Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Ground Water Level ◽  
Original Condition ◽  
The Road ◽  
Side Slope ◽  
On The Road

Problem on the road access landfill at Balang Island II Bridge is the landslide at STA 23+025 on left side slope (BH-1) caused by a swamp pond on the roadside. The landfill that cutted into the swampy area made the water get stuck on one side (water could not flow to the original condition). The research method is the form of direct observation in the field which focuses on the results of information and laboratory testing which is then processed and analyzed. The analysis obtained that the soil type on the spot is clay with N-SPT 6 – 29. There are 2 alternatives solutions for the problem. First, if there is a ROW problem, the treatments are watercourse, adding counterweight, wooden pile under the landfill and one layer Geotextile PP 50 (initial ground water level on exsisting condition with 90,4 kPa loads). Second, if there is no ROW problem, the treatments are watercourse, adding counterweight, wooden pile under the landfill and one layer Geotextile PET 100 (initial ground water level on top of landfill with 90,4 kPa loads). Based on technical analysis, the second solution was chosen because it has bigger safety factor, smallest settlement value, and shorter time implementation. However it is still need more detail technical justification to strengthen the desicion.

Effect of Rider Posture on Bicycle Comfort

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Polanco ◽  
Edoardo Marconi ◽  
Luis Muñoz ◽  
Daniel Suárez ◽  
Alberto Doria
Keyword(s):  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
The Road ◽  
Relevant Effect ◽  
Road Roughness ◽  
Impulsive Response ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Bicycle Rider ◽  
Road Characteristics ◽  
Significant Increment

Abstract Cyclists are exposed to vibration due to road roughness. The levels of vibration that the cyclists experience have a major effect on comfort and depend on the bicycle, rider and road characteristics. It is known that the posture of the cyclist has a relevant effect on the bicycle-cyclist system vibration response. Nevertheless, this effect has been scarcely quantified. This study focuses on the measurement of the effect of body posture on comfort while riding a bicycle. A laboratory methodology based on the measurement of the impulsive response of sensitive points of the bicycle was implemented to predict the comfort of cyclists on the road. The posture on the sagittal plane was verified during the tests. The methodology was implemented to predict the comfort of two cyclists riding a city bicycle in two postures: upright and bent forward. Experimental results showed that in the bent forward posture the acceleration levels had a significant increment for the handlebar stem and a non-significant increment for the seatpost.

An Advanced High-Speed Dynamometer for Testing Aircraft Tyres, Wheels and Brakes

1974 ◽  
Vol 188 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Major Part ◽  
Computer Control ◽  
Development Programme ◽  
Commercial Vehicles ◽  
The Road ◽  
Service Conditions ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Stimulation Of

Unlike tyres, wheels and brakes for commercial vehicles which can be tested on the road as a major part of their development programme, such equipment for aircraft must be qualified to full service conditions in the laboratory before being fitted to an aircraft. This paper covers the specification background, design features and construction of a large, high-speed dynamometer on which the development and qualification of aircraft tyres, wheels and brakes are carried out. Particular attention is given to several fundamental advances in design including the electrical stimulation of brake inertia, computer control and monitoring of the main systems and the real-time recording of tyre forces in three planes. The paper covers a combination of the mechanical, electrical and instrumentation engineering content of the facility.

Logistical Techniques on Measuring Road Roughness using Mobile Applications and further comparing the Road Roughness of PPP and Non PPP Roads

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juhi Lohani
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Applications ◽  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Roughness ◽  
On The Road

This paper compares the quality of roads built under Public Private Partnership and those which are not built under PPP. The quality of roads is measured by the vibrations captured while driving over the roads. The paper has tried to model that the variance in measuring accelerations on accelerometer is an underestimate of the actual accelerations on the road.

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