Crosslinking of Oriented Rubber

1958 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Charlesby ◽  
E. von Arnim
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Stress Relaxation ◽  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Electron Irradiation ◽  
Main Chain ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
High Energy Electrons ◽  
Anisotropic Elastic ◽  
G Value

Abstract Smoked sheet rubber, previously oriented in the calendering process, was crosslinked by exposure to 2 Mev high energy electrons in the absence of vulcanizing agents. Even after annealing, the resultant rubber showed anisotropic elastic properties, having a high elastic modulus and a low elongation at break in the direction of orientation. It is suggested that radiation in addition to crosslinking causes main chain fracture and stress relaxation in stressed molecular chains. The G value for crosslinking (1.05) by electron irradiation agrees well with that (1.1) previously found by elastic measurements of pile irradiated rubber.

Thermoelectric and Elastic Properties of Carbon Nanotubes Irradiated with High-Energy Electrons

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1052-1057 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Yu. Mikhailova ◽  
M. M. Nishchenko ◽  
V. N. Pimenov ◽  
E. E. Starostin ◽  
V. I. Tovtin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Elastic Properties ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Electrons

Electrical and elastic properties of an array of carbon nanotubes after irradiation by high-energy electrons

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Anikeev ◽  
B. V. Koval’chuk ◽  
V. M. Lazorenko ◽  
G. Yu. Mikhailova ◽  
M. M. Nishchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Elastic Properties ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Electrons

scholarly journals Effect of electron irradiation on the 3C-4H transformation in a Co-Fe alloy

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 992-993
Author(s):  
Charles W. Allen ◽  
Hirotaro Mori
Keyword(s):  
Martensitic Transformation ◽  
Electron Irradiation ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Terminal Solid Solution ◽  
Martensitic Transformations ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Transformation Mechanism ◽  
Intermediate Phases ◽  
High Energy Electrons ◽  
Kinetics Of

In general, irradiation of materials by high energy electrons, protons or neutrons has been shown to stabilize the existing microstructure against subsequent martensitic transformation. Alloys which have been studied include the binary intermediate phases NiTi and Ni63Al37 and ternary phases between Cu37,5Al62.5 and CU63.6Al36.4 as well as the intermetallic Cu69.01Al17.92 Zn12.17. In these materials, the martensitic transformations are known to be sensitive to small changes in chemical composition and to the degree of long range order. In addition, one should expect the kinetics of martensitic transformations to be sensitive to other forms of structural damage introduced during irradiation also. This spectrum of irradiation-induced phenomena renders the interpretation of results in studies of such concentrated binary and ternary phases rather complicated, therefore.We present here the preliminary results of a study of the effect of electron irradiation on the character of the martensitic transformation in a relatively dilute terminal solid solution of Co+5.75 wt pet Fe, similar in composition to that employed for studies of the transformation mechanism itself.

Thermoelectric and elastic properties of carbon nanotubes after irradiation with high-energy electrons

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
G. Yu. Mihaylova ◽  
◽  
M. M. Nischenko ◽  
V. N. Pimenov ◽  
E. E. Starostin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Elastic Properties ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Electrons

scholarly journals Effects of Electron Irradiation on Optical Properties of Bismuth-Doped Phosphosilicate Fiber

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Kir’yanov ◽  
Arindam Halder
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Electron Irradiation ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Stokes Shift ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Active Centers ◽  
Laser Applications ◽  
High Energy Electrons ◽  
Phosphosilicate Fiber ◽  
Overall Resistance

The basic optical properties of yttrium-phosphosilicate fiber doped with bismuth (Bi) are assessed in both pristine state and that established after bombardment by a beam of high-energy electrons. The fiber has been developed and fabricated with a target to use it for laser applications in visible/near-infrared (VIS/NIR) domain. In this chapter, the main attention is paid to the dramatic changes in absorption spectra of the fiber under electron irradiation. Meanwhile, we reveal its overall resistance to irradiation in terms of emissive potential and bleaching contrast at excitation into the absorption bands of bismuth-related active centers. Besides, we report a new effect of large dose-dependent Stokes shift, experienced by the fiber’s cutoff wavelength, which arises due to refractive index rise in its core area. The laws obeyed by the fiber’s characteristics vs. dose are examined for possible applications in dosimetry.

Microstructural Changes to Xenon Naonoclusters in Aluminum under 1 MeV Electron Irradiation.

2000 ◽  
Vol 650 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. Donnelly ◽  
R. C. Birtcher ◽  
C. W. Allen ◽  
K. Furuya ◽  
M. Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Irradiation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Extended Defects ◽  
Aluminum Films ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
High Energy Electrons ◽  
High Resolution Images ◽  
Small Clusters ◽  
Shape Changes

ABSTRACTAluminum films containing solid Xe precipitates have been subjected to 1 MeV electron irradiation in a high-voltage electron microscope. High-resolution images have been recorded on videotape in order to monitor the changes to the system resulting from the passage of electrons through the film. Inspection of the video recordings reveals that complex, rapid processes occur under the electron beam. These include shape changes, the creation and movement of extended defects within the Xe lattice, movement of small clusters, coalescence of neighboring clusters and the apparent melting and resolidification of the Xe. An interpretation of many of the observations is presented in terms of the interaction of the nanoclusters with defects created in the aluminum by the high-energy electrons.

scholarly journals A physically meaningful homogenization approach to determine equivalent elastic properties of layered soil

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-311
Author(s):  
Peijun Guo ◽  
Dieter F.E. Stolle
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Shear Modulus ◽  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Layered Medium ◽  
Homogeneous Medium ◽  
The Other ◽  
Layered Soils ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Homogenization Approach ◽  
Anisotropic Elastic

A simple, yet physically meaningful, homogenization approach to determine the “equivalent” elastic properties for a layered medium is proposed. The proposed approach makes use of the Reuss and Voigt approximations without employing auxiliary stresses and strains related to the different elastic properties of the material layers. When assuming that the constituent materials are isotropic, some special features of the equivalent homogeneous medium are discussed for special cases in which all layers have either the same Poisson’s ratio, elastic modulus or shear modulus. A methodology to determine the equivalent anisotropic elastic properties of multi-layered soils is proposed, in which all required quantities are physically meaningful and can be determined directly. The applicability of the proposed methodology is demonstrated through tests on two types of soils, one of which has a varved structure while the other is isotropic.

Void-Lattice Formation in Natural Fluorite by Electron Irradiation

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 614-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.E. Murr
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Electron Irradiation ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Stoichiometric Ratio ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Anion Vacancies ◽  
Cation And Anion Vacancies ◽  
Lattice Formation

The production of void lattices in metals as a result of displacement damage associated with high energy and heavy ion bombardment is now well documented. More recently, Murr has shown that a void lattice can be developed in natural (colored) fluorites observed in the transmission electron microscope. These were the first observations of a void lattice in an irradiated nonmetal, and the first, direct observations of color-center aggregates. Clinard, et al. have also recently observed a void lattice (described as a high density of aligned "pores") in neutron irradiated Al2O3 and Y2O3. In this latter work, itwas pointed out that in order that a cavity be formed,a near-stoichiometric ratio of cation and anion vacancies must aggregate. It was reasoned that two other alternatives to explain the pores were cation metal colloids and highpressure anion gas bubbles.Evans has proposed that void lattices result from the presence of a pre-existing impurity lattice, and predicted that the formation of a void lattice should restrict swelling in irradiated materials because it represents a state of saturation.

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