Glass Transition of Elastomers Using Thermal Analysis Techniques

1999 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Sircar ◽  
M. L. Galaska ◽  
S. Rodrigues ◽  
R. P. Chartoff
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Thermomechanical Analysis ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Thermal Methods ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Thermal Analysis Techniques

Abstract The paper defines the glass transition temperature (Tg) of elastomers using various thermal analysis techniques (differential scanning calorimetry, DSC; derivative DSC; thermomechanical analysis, TMA; dynamic mechanical analysis, DMA; dielectric analysis, DEA; thermal stimulated current, TSC) and compares Tg values of eight elastomers by the first four techniques. Comparison of Tg by two TMA methods (expansion and penetration) is also included. Necessary information regarding both the specific technique and the sample used to compare published data is mentioned. Their inclusion, along with the Tg data, is emphasized. Correlation of Tg, as determined by thermal methods with that determined by an industrial low-temperature test method (ASTM D 1053-89a) is discussed. The factors that are unique to elastomer Tg determination, such as subambient operation, as compared to other polymers, are pointed out.

scholarly journals Combined thermal analysis of fluid plasticizers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chukwuemeka L. Ihemaguba ◽  
Kálmán Marossy
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Molecular Motions ◽  
Melting Points ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Thermal Methods ◽  
Thermally Stimulated Discharge Current ◽  
Butyl Phthalate

Abstract The paper deals with the study of plasticizers using different thermal methods. The literature data on the melting points of plasticizers proved uncertain; we intended to gather the data by other methods, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and thermally stimulated discharge (TSD). Results of ten plasticizers are demonstrated. During this work, we found that most of plasticizers have no well-defined melting point, and the solidification of plasticizer is similar to the glass transition of polymers. Only the di-n-butyl-phthalate showed regular crystallization. Thermally stimulated discharge current (TSD) method revealed that these compounds have several transitions –dispersion ranges assigned to different molecular motions.

Determining the Glass Transition Temperature of an Epoxy Siloxane Composite by Thermal Analysis Methods

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 269-274
Author(s):  
V.S. Osipchik ◽  
Yu.V. Olikhova ◽  
L.Kh. Nguen ◽  
G.A. Lushcheikin ◽  
V.M. Aristov
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Thermomechanical Analysis ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry

Thermomechanical analysis, dynamic mechanical analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and dielectric thermal analysis were used to determine the glass transition temperature of hot-curing epoxy siloxane composites. The effect of polymethylphenylsiloxane resin on the parameters of the three-dimensional structure and on the deformation and strength properties of epoxy novolac resin during curing by 4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane was established.

scholarly journals Review of Recent Developments of Glass Transition in PVC Nanocomposites

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 4336
Author(s):  
Jolanta Tomaszewska ◽  
Tomasz Sterzyński ◽  
Aneta Woźniak-Braszak ◽  
Michał Banaszak
Keyword(s):  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Thermomechanical Analysis ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Dielectric Thermal Analysis ◽  
The Impact

This review addresses the impact of different nanoadditives on the glass transition temperature (Tg) of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), which is a widely used industrial polymer. The relatively high Tg limits its temperature-dependent applications. The objective of the review is to present the state-of-the-art knowledge on the influence of nanofillers of various origins and dimensions on the Tg of the PVC. The Tg variations induced by added nanofillers can be probed mostly by such experimental techniques as thermomechanical analysis (TMA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and dielectric thermal analysis (DETA). The increase in Tg is commonly associated with the use of mineral and carbonaceous nanofillers. In this case, a rise in the concentration of nanoadditives leads to an increase in the Tg due to a restraint of the PVC macromolecular chain’s mobility. The lowering of Tg may be attributed to the well-known plasticizing effect, which is a consequence of the incorporation of oligomeric silsesquioxanes to the polymeric matrix. It has been well established that the variation in the Tg value depends also on the chemical modification of nanofillers and their incorporation into the PVC matrix. This review may be an inspiration for further investigation of nanofillers’ effect on the PVC glass transition temperature.

scholarly journals Identification test of elements remaining in the barrel after firing, using Differential Scanning Calorimetry

2021 ◽  
Vol 2090 (1) ◽  
pp. 012163
Author(s):  
A Plachá ◽  
P Prasula ◽  
J Recko
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Metal Case ◽  
Identification Test ◽  
Thermal Analysis Techniques

Abstract The issue of elements remaining in the barrel after firing is crucial both for the safe use of munition, and its reliability. These elements maybe categorized as being part of a metal case or a projectile (for example, fragments of broken connectors between a metal band and a projectile), or those associated with a propelling charge (like unburnt propellant grains). Both groups are undesirable and reflect the ammunition improper work. During own shooting tests of a 120 mm mortar ammunition the problem of unburnt elements remaining in the barrel occurred. The collected material was tested using one of the thermal analysis techniques - Differential Scanning Calorimetry - to characterize and to identify the tested sample.

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