Carbon Black Distribution in NR/Polybutadiene Blends

1993 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Massie ◽  
R. C. Hirst ◽  
A. F. Halasa
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Physical Test ◽  
Mixing Techniques ◽  
Black Level ◽  
Polymer Type ◽  
Mixed Samples

Abstract The distribution of carbon black between the phases of a NR/cis-1,4-polybutatdiene (BR) blend was studied. An N550 carbon black was added to the blend using different mixing techniques. The carbon-black distribution was determined using a variety of analytical techniques. The crystallization temperature of the BR was measured by differential scanning calorimetry. This temperature is related to the carbon-black level in the BR phase. Samples were dissolved in toluene to separate the bound and soluble rubber portions and the fractions were analysed for polymer type and amount by solid stale 13C MAS nuclear magnetic resonance. Results indicated that the N550 black has no preference for either the NH or the BR. In phase mixed samples, the majority of the black remains in tho polymer to which it is initially udded. When black and polymers are mixed simultaneously, the black tends to distribute itself uniformly between the polymers. Physical test results on a typical sidewall compound indicated that the location of the carbon black has a significant effect on physical properties, especially cut-growth resistance.

Influence of Cadmium Oxide on Thermal Hazard of AP-CMDB Propellants

2015 ◽  
Vol 1095 ◽  
pp. 419-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Nan Jia ◽  
Gui E Lu ◽  
Zhen Tao An ◽  
Jin Yong Jiang ◽  
Qiang Ge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Decomposition Rate ◽  
Initial Temperature ◽  
Cadmium Oxide ◽  
Thermal Hazard ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Thermal Safety ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Two Stages

The influence of cadmium oxide on the thermal decomposition behaviors of AP-CMDB propellants was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and accelerating rate calorimetry (ARC). The test results show that the decomposition process of AP-CMDB can be divided into two stages. Cadmium oxide can increase the initial temperature, slow down the decomposition rate and improve the thermal safety of AP-CMDB.

A Novel Approach to Unzipped Tubes Synthesis Using Sulfanilic Acid as the Backbone Amino Acid

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 17-30
Author(s):  
Christopher Narh ◽  
Charles Frimpong ◽  
Qu Fu Wei
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Bond Formation ◽  
Sulfanilic Acid ◽  
Test Results ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Torsion Angles ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Hydrophobic Peptide

In this research, unzipped sulfanilic acid inspired hydrophobic peptide tube was synthesis by increasing the polarity of sulfanilic acid through nucleophilic attachment of aniline which then provided two reactive sites at the S-terminus. These two sites were then attached with the N-terminal of valine and alanine respectively at an intensity of 1000-1600 of 11 2θ (°). Through π-π stacking at the side chains, the opened ended peptide was linearly arranged to form the unzipped tube. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirm the amine bond formation whiles X-ray diffraction test results confirmed D-spacing 7.36 and 4.44 corresponding 2θ (°)12 and 19.97 respectively whiles the torsion angles (Ø2) conformations was between-150.5°and-169.2° and-2 between-129.0° and-150.6°. The Thermogravimetric analysis result showed an increase in the rigidity of the bond with an increasing intensity. Finally, Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) test was carried out to confirm the crystallinity of the structure. Keywords: Sulfanilic acid, hydrophobic Peptide, Unzipped tubes, Nanomaterial

scholarly journals Graphene Oxide and Oxidized Carbon Black as Catalyst for Crosslinking of Phenolic Resins

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Rosaria Acocella ◽  
Aniello Vittore ◽  
Mario Maggio ◽  
Gaetano Guerra ◽  
Luca Giannini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Crosslinking Reaction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Indirect Methods ◽  
Phenolic Resins ◽  
Oxidized Carbon

Influence of different graphite-based nanofillers on crosslinking reaction of resorcinol, as induced by hexa(methoxymethyl)melamine, is studied. Curing reactions leading from low molecular mass compounds to crosslinked insoluble networks are studied by indirect methods based on Differential Scanning Calorimetry. Reported results show a catalytic activity of graphene oxide (eGO) on this reaction, comparable to that one already described in the literature for curing of benzoxazine. For instance, for an eGO content of 2 wt %, the exothermic crosslinking DSC peak (upon heating at 10 °C/min) shifted 6 °C. More relevantly, oxidized carbon black (oCB) is much more effective as catalyst of the considered curing reaction. In fact, for an oCB content of 2 wt %, the crosslinking DSC peak can be shifted more than 30 °C and a nearly complete crosslinking is already achieved by thermal treatment at 120 °C. The possible origin of the higher catalytic activity of oCB with respect to eGO is discussed.

Non-Isothermal Crystallization and Viscoelastic Behavior of Polypropylene/Nanoclay Composites Fabricated from Masterbatch by Using a Mini Extruder

2018 ◽  
Vol 382 ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
Achmad Chafidz ◽  
R.M. Faisal ◽  
Mujtahid Kaavessina ◽  
Dhoni Hartanto
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Isothermal Crystallization ◽  
Viscoelastic Behavior ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Dsc Analysis ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Frequency Sweep ◽  
Melt Compounding ◽  
Frequency Sweep Test ◽  
Scanning Electron

Polypropylene(PP)/nanoclay composites samples have been fabricated by melt compounding the PP pellets with nanoclay masterbatch (i.e. 50 wt% of nanoclay) using a mini extruder. The effect of three loadings of nanoclay (i.e. 5, 10, and 15 wt%) on the morphology, non-isothermal crystallization, and viscoelastic behavior of the PP/nanoclay composites were investigated. All the nanocomposites samples were characterized by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and an oscillatory rheometer. The SEM results showed that the distribution of nanoclay in the PP was relatively good at all level of loadings. The DSC analysis results showed that the nanoclay has dramatically enhanced the crystallization temperature, from 117°C (for neat PP) to 127-129°C (for nanocomposites). Additionally, the frequency sweep test results exhibited that the presence of nanoclay increased the viscoelastic behavior of the PP matrix.

scholarly journals PVC/LDPE Blends: Relationship Between Thermal/Mechanical Properties, Structure and Blend Behaviour

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-165
Author(s):  
Krisztina Román ◽  
Gabriella Zsoldos
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Polymer Blend ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Macromolecular Structure ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Thermal Mechanical Properties

In this paper the effect of LDPE content in PVC foams are examined on the structure of both the foam and the LDPE. We attempt to understand how LDPE content affects the structure of PVC in blends and how it changes the glass-transition (Tg). These parameters often provide important information related to the overall macromolecular structure of the polymer blend. Thermal analytical techniques such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) often used to determine the structural transformation of samples. The effect of the miscibility and composition of the PVC/LDPE foam blends on the thermal stability were also investigated.

Template-assisted synthesis of 3D ordered macroporous structured CuO as catalyst for ammonium perchlorate

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
pp. 1750030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Ke ◽  
Xiang Zhou ◽  
Gazi Hao ◽  
Lei Xiao ◽  
Han Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Ammonium Perchlorate ◽  
Pore Diameter ◽  
Colloidal Crystal ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Ordered Macroporous ◽  
Templated Method ◽  
Template Assisted Synthesis

Three-dimensionally ordered macroporous (3DOM) CuO is prepared by colloidal crystal templated method. The obtained 3DOM structure with about 230[Formula: see text]nm pore diameter is composed of small CuO windows. The special structured CuO is used as a catalyst for thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) and its catalytic activity is measured by simultaneous thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) techniques. Test results show that thermal decomposition performance is significantly improved after adding 2[Formula: see text]wt.% 3DOM CuO.

scholarly journals Changes in the Strength Properties and Phase Transition of Gypsum Modified with Microspheres, Aerogel and HEMC Polymer

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3486
Author(s):  
Justyna Ciemnicka ◽  
Karol Prałat ◽  
Artur Koper ◽  
Grzegorz Makomaski ◽  
Łukasz Majewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Strength Parameters ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Binding Material ◽  
The Impact

The paper presents an assessment of the impact of using additives on the strength of a binding material, i.e., building gypsum, and also the phase transformation that takes place in it. Microspheres, aerogel and polymer (HEMC) additives were added to a building gypsum slurry with a water to gypsum ratio of 0.75. In order to investigate their influence on bending strength, compressive strength, and the effect of high temperatures, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), as well as tests of the multicomponent binder, were carried out in accordance with the applicable PN-EN 13279-2:2005 standard. The obtained test results allowed to determine that the used additives influenced the strength parameters of the obtained composites. It was shown that the applied additives decreased the compressive and bending strength of the modified gypsum. Despite these properties, the obtained gypsum materials are environmentally friendly because they reuse wastes, such as microspheres. Out of all the applied additives, the use of microspheres in an amount of 10% caused a decrease in the bending strength by only 10%, and an increase in the compressive strength by 4%.

Characterization of Spin on Glass Using Thermo Analytical Techniques and Ftir Spectroscopy

1990 ◽  
Vol 204 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Speciale ◽  
C. La Rosa ◽  
D. Grasso ◽  
A. Porto ◽  
P. Lanza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Ftir Spectroscopy ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Thermal Treatments ◽  
Cross Polarization ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Thermoanalytical Techniques ◽  
Different Temperatures

ABSTRACTThe curing of a commercial ethoxymethyl-phosphosiloxane at different temperatures and under various gas ambients was characterised using NMR, thermoanalytical techniques, and FTIR spectroscopy. DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) and DTG (Differential Thermo Gravimetry) were employed to characterize the reactions that occur during thermal treatments in O2 or N2 atmospheres. FTIR spectroscopy and CP (Cross Polarization) 133C - NMR were used to detect the presence of the hydroxyl and organic groups in the cured samples. The experimental results identified three different temperatures (400,580,700°C) that define important stages of the curing reaction. In particular, for annealing at temperatuires up to 580°C in 02, DSC, DTG and FTIR spectra showed the elimination of the organic groups. However, when the annealing was carried out in N2 up to 700°C, these groups are retained.

Quantification of the distribution of carbon black in natural rubber/polybutadiene blends by differential scanning calorimetry

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 1544-1552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Portal ◽  
Christian Carrot ◽  
Jean-Charles Majeste ◽  
Stéphane Cocard ◽  
Vincent Pelissier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry
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