scholarly journals Awareness on Tricky Fungal Infections Coexisting with COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 283-289
Author(s):  
Sree Kavya Godise ◽  
Sowjanya Maddukuri
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
The World ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Looking Back

As we know that the whole world is fighting against SARS-CoV-2, here another new battle starts i.e., the fungal co-infections which throw a challenge to the world. In many cases, people who are recovered from COVID-19 are more prone to develop these co-fungal infections. Looking back on SARS –CoV in 2003, we found that the fungal infections was the main cause of death for SARS-CoV patients, accounting for 25% - 73.7% in all causes of death, while in COVID-19 patients, only few studies have been reported. The most common fungal infections associated with COVID-19 patients are mucormycosis (black fungus), candidiasis, aspergillosis and cryptococcosis. The main motto of this article is to present the detailed description about these fungal infections in aspects of their definitive species, associated risk factors, pathology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, management, and their preventive measures. Keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, fungal co-infections, mucormycosis (black fungus), candidiasis, aspergillosis, cryptococcosis.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
T. N. Bilichenko
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Research Information ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Course Outcomes ◽  
Official Sources

An analysis of epidemiology coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Russia and the world was carried out to identify the main factors contributing to morbidity and mortality due to COVID-19, pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of the disease. Statistical data were used from official sources (Rospotrebnadzor, WHO, US CDC, China NHC, ECDC, DXY). Research information from different countries about the course, outcomes, spread, and risk factors of the disease is presented.The study of epidemiology, risk factors, causes of increased incidence of COVID-19, mortality rate is of great importance for assessing the effectiveness of preventive measures.

scholarly journals AYURVEDIC APPROACH TO PREVENTION OF STROKE & HEART DISEASES FROM DIABETES MELLITUS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1027-1031
Author(s):  
Priyanka V. Dekate
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Normal State ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Daily Regimen ◽  
Related Complication ◽  
The World

Madhumeha (Diabetes) is attracting the world as a non-infectious pandemic/epidemic. The prevalence of Diabetes is on the rise, more alarmingly in the developing country. Ranked 7th among leading causes of death. This multiplying incidence of CVS & heart diseases. Now days Ayurveda is of wise important to get swasthya, to prevent heart diseases & stroke from DM. The objectives of study are to evolve standard Ayurvedic drug & preventive measures for Madhumeha. This study is based on review of Ayurvedic Samhitas & previous research work. DM is the 6th leading cause of death in the world. Therefore, attempt should be made to balance the Dehamanas prakruti & normal state of physiological energy to prevent Diabetes Mellitus. Dinacharya (Daily regimen), Ashtavidha aahara vidhi Aayatana & herbo mineral drugs with Yogasana help to prevent diabetes & its related complication. Keyword: Madhumeha, stroke, Heart diseases.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 PANDEMIC – AN UPDATE

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (Spl-1-SARS-CoV-2) ◽  
pp. S219-S245
Author(s):  
Ramya Shanmugam ◽  
◽  
Sangeetha Thangavelu ◽  
Zareena Fathah ◽  
Mohd. Iqbal Yatoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Structural Biology ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Potential Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
The World ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

The coronavirus disease – 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus virus – 2 (SARS-CoV-2), set it foots in China during December 2019 as a high-alert public health emergency. This malady had thereafter spread rapidly across the globe in more than 215 countries, affecting more than 50 million people and causing the death of nearly 1.3 million as of 9th November, 2020 and resulted in a massive panic, fear, and economic crashes in most of the world. A better understanding of the disease, the virus, structural biology, clinical manifestations, risk factors, transmission, diagnosis, treatment, and management can be extrapolated from the literature review of the research up to date. In addition, deliberations on animal linkages, spillover and zoonotic implications for exploring the actual origin of the disease and all possible animal-human interfaces, intermediate host; diagnosis for devising specific and sensitive tests of ease, accessibility and affordability; advances in the development of safe and effective vaccines and therapeutics for prevention and treatment; management of COVID-19 practicable in all countries; application of traditional or regularly used modalities including plant-based products and medicinal herbs against SARS-COV-2; nutritious dietary foods against this disease; and socio-economic impacts of COVID-19 can provide valuable information on these various aspects. Most of the research currently focuses on disease, development of a vaccine or therapeutic modalities. But the future mortality rate and virulence of virus not only depends on the evolution of the virus, but also on how we develop preventive measures and effective treatment as well as in advance preparedness. The present review highlights salient aspects of SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19, pathology, risk factors, transmission, diagnosis, potential treatment, and alternative / supportive therapeutic options.

scholarly journals Ten Famous Composers of the Romantic Era and their Cause of Death

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest K.J. Pauwels
Keyword(s):  
Medical Research ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Expression Of Emotion ◽  
The World ◽  
Romantic Era ◽  
Clinically Significant

The musical composers in the Romantic Era (1800-1910) strived for compositions that expressed human life, including happiness, harmony and despair. They lived in a period in which freedom of thinking, expression of emotion and inspiration by nature predominate. During this period, intensive trading with other parts of the world brought new microorganisms along, which made infections and epidemics very common. This article serves to address the cause of death and relevant biographic data of a number of well- known Romantic composers. Primarily, this review refers to clinically significant findings using reports that were retrieved from Pubmed, Embase and Google over the 19th, 20th and 21st century till 14th June 2021. Here, this text dwells on diseases and the cause of death of ten composers, namely Mozart, Beethoven, Chopin, Schubert, Schumann, Mendelssohn, Brahms, Liszt, Mahler and Bruckner. It is evident that, in the sight of modern medicine, symptoms and forensic facts are not complete, but witnesses' reports and recent medical research have provided passable and plausible clarity. Although many questions will remain unanswered, it appears that the diseases of these composers and their causes of death have their origins in alcohol abuses, age, epidemics (like tuberculosis) and syphilis.

Longterm Survival and Associated Risk Factors in Patients with Adult-onset Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies and Amyopathic Dermatomyositis: Experience in a Single Institute in Japan

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 1636-1643 ◽  
Author(s):  
YOSHIOKI YAMASAKI ◽  
HIDEHIRO YAMADA ◽  
MICHIKO OHKUBO ◽  
MASAOMI YAMASAKI ◽  
KOHEI AZUMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies ◽  
Adult Onset ◽  
Inflammatory Myopathies ◽  
Skin Ulcers ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Longterm Survival ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Objective.To analyze clinical characteristics, survival, causes of death, and risk factors associated with mortality in patients with adult-onset idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) in Japan.Methods.We retrospectively investigated 197 patients diagnosed with adult-onset IIM at our hospital from 1984 to 2009 according to Bohan and Peter criteria for polymyositis (PM)/dermatomyositis (DM) and modified Sontheimer’s criteria for clinically amyopathic DM (ADM).Results.Survival in the whole group at 1, 5, and 10 years was 85%, 75%, and 67%, respectively. Mortality in cancer-associated myositis was the worst (25% at 5 yrs), followed by clinically ADM (61% at 5 yrs) and primary DM (77% at 5 yrs). Primary DM had significantly low survival compared to primary PM (91% at 5 yrs; p = 0.0427). Among the 53 patients who died were 6 patients with ADM (11%) and 20 patients with primary DM (38%). Interstitial lung disease (ILD) was the main cause of death in clinically ADM (71%) and primary DM (60%), most of which occurred within the first few months. Fewer patients died in primary PM (9%) and overlap myositis (13%). Independent risk factors for death were older age (HR 1.031; 95% CI 1.009–1.053) and skin ulcers (HR 3.018; 95% CI 1.340–6.796) in the whole group and ILD with mild serum creatine kinase levels (< 500 IU/l; HR 3.537; 95% CI 1.260–9.928) in primary DM.Conclusion.Survival of clinically ADM and primary DM was low, mainly due to fatal ILD, compared to primary PM. Establishing therapeutic strategy for ILD may improve the survival in our patient population.

scholarly journals Complications in Surgery of the Small Intestine

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
Carlos Manterola ◽  
Sebastián Urrutia
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Intestinal Surgery ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Emergency Event ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Systemic Pathology

Performing a surgical procedure of the small intestine, whether it is a scheduled elective or an emergency event, may be associated with the occurrence of disorders of diverse etiology; either as a result of prior illness, the onset of systemic pathology associated with the surgical event or complications related to the surgery itself. The development of morbidity in patients undergoing intestinal surgery has been outlined in this article on medical and surgical complications. These will be discussed based on clinical manifestations, potential risk factors associated with their occurrence and certain preventive measures.

scholarly journals Gambaran Pengetahuan Ramaja tentang Penyakit Tidak Menular di Kabupaten Semarang

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliaji Siswanto ◽  
Ita Puji Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
The World ◽  
Descriptive Method

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) including the most causes of death in the world including Indonesia.  Adolescence is one of the periods that determine the pattern of formation of health status in adulthood. Risk behaviors generally begin in the teenage period. Risk factors for unhealthy lifestyles in adolescents are caused by many factors, one of which is knowledge. Knowledge or cognitive is a domain that is very influential on a person's actions or behavior. The objective of the study was to assesknowledge about NCDs and behavioural risk factors in adolescents. This research uses descriptive method with cross sectional approach and data collection is done by using a questionnaire. The sample in this study was taken purposively from SMAN 2 Ungaran, SMAN 1 Bergas, and SMA Muhammadiyah Sumowono as many as 146 students. The data obtained were then analyzed using descriptive analysis. The results showed that the most percentage were respondents who had good knowledge about non-communicable diseases that was equal to 46.3%. Nevertheless there are still many respondents who have a fairly good knowledge of 41.8% and as many as 11.0% of respondents still have poor knowledge. Therefore, efforts are needed to increase the knowledge of high school adolescents about non-communicable diseases from schools through collaboration with relevant parties.

scholarly journals A Study on Prevalence and Characterization of Candida Species in Immunocompromised Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhanapal Nandini ◽  
J. Manonmoney ◽  
J. Lavanya ◽  
K.V. Leela ◽  
Sujith
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
Immunocompromised Patients ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Candida Infections ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Candida spp. is one among the major causes of nosocomial infection, with candidemia gaining increasing prevalence worldwide in parallel with mortality rates ranging from 10-49%. Epidemiology and predisposing factors of candidemia have changed since the number of patients receiving transplants and immunosuppressive therapy, the use of broadspectrum antimicrobials, and the number of AIDS patients have increased. Candidemia is more common among patients with subcutaneous and cutaneous candida infections, through percutaneous inoculation. Major predisposing factors for invasive candidiasis includes neutropenia, haematological malignancies, bone marrow transplantation, total parenteral nutrition, chemotherapy, invasive procedures, and immune-suppressive agents. This study analyses the risk factors of immunocompromised patients with candidemia and antibiogram of Candida spp. isolated from ICU patients. To evaluate the prevalence, distribution and antibiogram of Candida spp., associated risk factors, and outcome in candidemia patients. Blood samples received from patients with clinically suspected fungal infections were subjected to gram staining, culture, sugar assimilation & fermentation, Candida Chrome agar (CCA) & Corn meal agar for identification and speciation. Antifungal susceptibility tests were performed by disk-diffusion tests. Among a total of 337 samples received, 22 (6.5%) samples were positive for candida infections, of which Candida tropicalis 9 (41%) was the predominant isolate followed by C. albicans 5 (23%), Candida glabrata 4 (18%), Candida parapsilosis 2 (9%) and Candida krusei 2 (9%). Male patients had a higher prevalence of candidemia 15 (68.2%). Among the age group of 51-70 years, uncontrolled DM(Diabetes mellitus) and CKD (chronic kidney disease) were found to be the predominant co-morbidities with candidemia.

Risk factors and causes of death in the Australian HIV Observational Database

Sexual Health ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathy Petoumenos ◽  
Matthew G. Law ◽  
on behalf of the Australian HIV Observational Database
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Observational Database ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Advanced Hiv Disease

Introduction: Mortality rates in HIV-infected people remain high in the era of highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART). The objective of this paper was to examine causes of deaths in the Australian HIV Observational Database (AHOD) and compare risk factors for HIV-related and HIV-unrelated deaths. Methods: Data from AHOD, an observational study of people with HIV attending medical sites between 1999 and 2004, were analysed. Primary and underlying causes of death were ascertained by sites completing a standardised cause of death form. Causes of death were then coded as HIV-related or HIV-unrelated. Risk factors for HIV-related and unrelated deaths were assessed using survival analysis among patients who had a baseline and at least one follow-up CD4 and RNA measure. Results: The AHOD had enrolled 2329 patients between 1999 and 2004. During this time, a total of 105 patients died, with a crude mortality rate of 1.58 per 100 person years. Forty-two (40%) deaths were HIV-related (directly attributable to an AIDS event), 55 (52%) HIV-unrelated (all other causes), and eight had unknown cause of death. Independent risk factors for HIV-related deaths were low CD4 count and receipt of a larger number of antiretroviral treatment combinations. Among HIV-unrelated deaths, low CD4 count and older age were independent risk factors. Conclusions: In AHOD in the HAART era, mortality in people with HIV remains around 10-fold higher than in the general population. In our analyses, HIV-unrelated deaths were associated with more advanced HIV disease in a similar way to HIV-related deaths.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document