scholarly journals One Health e-Surveillance for Early Detection of Gastrointestinal Disease Outbreaks

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Sánchez-Vizcaíno ◽  
Barry Rowlingson ◽  
Alan D Radford ◽  
Alison Hale ◽  
Emanuele Giorgi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
One Health ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Health Records ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Integrate Data

In human and animal health, conventional approaches to preventing and controlling gastrointestinal disease (GI) have not reduced the overall disease burden. In order to understand and mitigate shared GI aetiologies between humans and animals it is necessary to develop One Health Surveillance approaches that integrate data-sources contributed to by human and veterinary healthcare. Here we describe how a real-time surveillance system for early detection of GI outbreaks in small animal and human health is being developed by collecting electronic health records from veterinary practitioners and a telephone-based 24-hour medical triage service in the UK.

scholarly journals Use of cefovecin in a UK population of cats attending first-opinion practices as recorded in electronic health records

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 687-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Burke ◽  
Vicki Black ◽  
Fernando Sánchez-Vizcaíno ◽  
Alan Radford ◽  
Angie Hibbert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Health Records ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Body System ◽  
Surveillance Network ◽  
Health Records ◽  
Electronic Health ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Alternative Antimicrobials

Objectives The objective was to use electronic health records to describe the use of cefovecin (Convenia; Zoetis UK), a third-generation long-acting injectable antimicrobial, in a UK population of cats attending first-opinion practices, and to compare the use of Convenia with the licensed uses described on the UK Convenia datasheet. Methods Data were obtained as an Excel database from the Small Animal Veterinary Surveillance Network for all feline consultations containing the word Convenia and/or cefovecin from 1 September 2012 to 23 September 2013 inclusive. Entries were classified according to body system treated, confirmation or suspicion of an abscess, evidence of microbiological evaluation being performed, any concurrent therapies given and whether any reason was given for use of Convenia over alternative antimicrobials. Data were exported to IBM SPSS Statistics and descriptive analysis performed. Results In total, 1148 entries were analysed. The most common body system treated was skin in 553 (48.2%) entries, then urinary (n = 157; 13.7%) and respiratory (n = 112; 9.8%). Microbiological evaluation was recorded in 193 (16.8%) entries, with visible purulent material most commonly cited (in 147 [12.8%] entries). A reason for prescribing Convenia over alternative antimicrobials was given in 138 (12.0%) entries; the most cited was an inability to orally medicate the cat in 77 (55.8%) of these entries. Excluding 131 entries where no body system or multiple body systems were described, the use of Convenia complied with a licensed use in the UK datasheet in 710 (69.8%) of 1017 entries. Conclusions and relevance Most administrations were licensed uses; however, most entries did not describe any microbiological evaluation, or a reason for prescribing Convenia over alternative antimicrobials. Further education of the public and the veterinary profession is needed to promote antimicrobial stewardship in the UK. Health records provide a valuable tool with which to monitor, both locally and at scale, the use of important therapeutics like antimicrobials. Information relevant to decision-making should be recorded in individual animal health records.

A proposal to leverage high-quality veterinary diagnostic laboratory large data streams for animal health, public health, and One Health

2021 ◽  
pp. 104063872110030
Author(s):  
Craig N. Carter ◽  
Jacqueline L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Data Streams ◽  
One Health ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
The United States ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory

Test data generated by ~60 accredited member laboratories of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (AAVLD) is of exceptional quality. These data are captured by 1 of 13 laboratory information management systems (LIMSs) developed specifically for veterinary diagnostic laboratories (VDLs). Beginning ~2000, the National Animal Health Laboratory Network (NAHLN) developed an electronic messaging system for LIMS to automatically send standardized data streams for 14 select agents to a national repository. This messaging enables the U.S. Department of Agriculture to track and respond to high-consequence animal disease outbreaks such as highly pathogenic avian influenza. Because of the lack of standardized data collection in the LIMSs used at VDLs, there is, to date, no means of summarizing VDL large data streams for multi-state and national animal health studies or for providing near-real-time tracking for hundreds of other important animal diseases in the United States that are detected routinely by VDLs. Further, VDLs are the only state and federal resources that can provide early detection and identification of endemic and emerging zoonotic diseases. Zoonotic diseases are estimated to be responsible for 2.5 billion cases of human illness and 2.7 million deaths worldwide every year. The economic and health impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is self-evident. We review here the history and progress of data management in VDLs and discuss ways of seizing unexplored opportunities to advance data leveraging to better serve animal health, public health, and One Health.

scholarly journals Climate Change and Zoonoses: A Review of Concepts, Definitions, and Bibliometrics

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 893
Author(s):  
Walter Leal Filho ◽  
Linda Ternova ◽  
Sanika Arun Parasnis ◽  
Marina Kovaleva ◽  
Gustavo J. Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Disease Ecology ◽  
One Health ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Author Keywords ◽  
The Uk

Climate change can have a complex impact that also influences human and animal health. For example, climate change alters the conditions for pathogens and vectors of zoonotic diseases. Signs of this are the increasing spread of the West Nile and Usutu viruses and the establishment of new vector species, such as specific mosquito and tick species, in Europe and other parts of the world. With these changes come new challenges for maintaining human and animal health. This paper reports on an analysis of the literature focused on a bibliometric analysis of the Scopus database and VOSviewer software for creating visualization maps which identifies the zoonotic health risks for humans and animals caused by climate change. The sources retained for the analysis totaled 428 and different thresholds (N) were established for each item varying from N 5 to 10. The main findings are as follows: First, published documents increased in 2009–2015 peaking in 2020. Second, the primary sources have changed since 2018, partly attributable to the increase in human health concerns due to human-to-human transmission. Third, the USA, the UK, Canada, Australia, Italy, and Germany perform most zoonosis research. For instance, sixty documents and only 17 countries analyzed for co-authorship analysis met the threshold led by the USA; the top four author keywords were “climate change”, “zoonosis”, “epidemiology”, and “one health;” the USA, the UK, Germany, and Spain led the link strength (inter-collaboration); the author keywords showed that 37 out of the 1023 keywords met the threshold, and the authors’ keyword’s largest node of the bibliometric map contains the following: infectious diseases, emerging diseases, disease ecology, one health, surveillance, transmission, and wildlife. Finally, zoonotic diseases, which were documented in the literature in the past, have evolved, especially during the years 2010–2015, as evidenced by the sharp augmentation of publications addressing ad-hoc events and peaking in 2020 with the COVID-19 outbreak.

scholarly journals Animal Reservoirs and Hosts for Emerging Alpha- and Betacoronaviruses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ria Ghai ◽  
Ann Carpenter ◽  
Meghan Herring ◽  
Krystalyn Martin ◽  
Susan Gerber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
One Health ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
And Control ◽  
Animal Reservoirs

The ongoing global pandemic caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has once again demonstrated the significance of the Coronaviridae family in causing human disease outbreaks. As SARS-CoV-2 was first detected in December 2019, information on its tropism, host range, and clinical presentation in animals is limited. Given the limited information, data from other coronaviruses may be useful to inform scientific inquiry, risk assessment and decision-making. We review the endemic and emerging alpha- and betacoronavirus infections of wildlife, livestock, and companion animals, and provide information on the receptor usage, known hosts, and clinical signs associated with each host for 15 coronaviruses discovered in people and animals. This information can be used to guide implementation of a One Health approach that involves human health, animal health, environmental, and other relevant partners in developing strategies for preparedness, response, and control to current and future coronavirus disease threats.

Role of the gastrointestinal microbiota in small animal health and disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 181 (14) ◽  
pp. 370-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alana Redfern ◽  
Jan Suchodolski ◽  
Albert Jergens
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Gastrointestinal Microbiota ◽  
Novel Therapy ◽  
Health And Disease

There is a large and emerging interest in the role of the gastrointestinal microbiota in health and disease. This paper serves to review the current knowledge and recommendations of the gastrointestinal microbiota in health and gastrointestinal disease. Further, this review evaluates the current literature and suggests guidelines for faecal microbial transplantation, a novel therapy for dysbiosis in veterinary medicine.

scholarly journals One Health workers: innovations in early detection of human, animal, and plant disease outbreaks

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Wilkes ◽  
Sophia Papageorgiou ◽  
Tae Youn Kim ◽  
Loinda Baldrias ◽  
Edna Aguilar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
One Health ◽  
Plant Disease ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Human Animal

scholarly journals SAVSNET: Collating Veterinary Electronic Health Records for Research and Surveillance

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip H. Jones ◽  
Alan D Radford ◽  
Peter-John M Noble ◽  
Fernando Sánchez-Vizcaíno ◽  
Tarek Menacere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Surveillance Network ◽  
Health Records ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Support Research

Owners and pets frequently live in very close contact. As a result, surveillance of disease-related events in companion animals has the potential to deliver benefits for both animal and human health. SAVSNET"”the Small Animal Veterinary Surveillance Network"”collects and collates real-time data from veterinary diagnostic laboratories and veterinary practices across the UK to support research and disease surveillance in companion animals. The data collected by SAVSNET is made available to a wide range of interested parties including academic collaborators, PhD researchers, students and commercial companies. As such, SAVSNET is a valuable resource for One Health surveillance.

scholarly journals A Smartphone App (AfyaData) for Innovative One Health Disease Surveillance from Community to National Levels in Africa: Intervention in Disease Surveillance (Preprint)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esron Daniel Karimuribo ◽  
Eric Mutagahywa ◽  
Calvin Sindato ◽  
Leonard Mboera ◽  
Mpoki Mwabukusi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
One Health ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Outbreak Detection ◽  
Disease Detection ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Prompt Response

BACKGROUND We describe the development and initial achievements of a participatory disease surveillance system that relies on mobile technology to promote Community Level One Health Security (CLOHS) in Africa. OBJECTIVE The objective of this system, Enhancing Community-Based Disease Outbreak Detection and Response in East and Southern Africa (DODRES), is to empower community-based human and animal health reporters with training and information and communication technology (ICT)–based solutions to contribute to disease detection and response, thereby complementing strategies to improve the efficiency of infectious disease surveillance at national, regional, and global levels. In this study, we refer to techno-health as the application of ICT-based solutions to enhance early detection, timely reporting, and prompt response to health events in human and animal populations. METHODS An EpiHack, involving human and animal health experts as well as ICT programmers, was held in Tanzania in 2014 to identify major challenges facing early detection, timely reporting, and prompt response to disease events. This was followed by a project inception workshop in 2015, which brought together key stakeholders, including policy makers and community representatives, to refine the objectives and implementation plan of the DODRES project. The digital ICT tools were developed and packaged together as the AfyaData app to support One Health disease surveillance. Community health reporters (CHRs) and officials from animal and human health sectors in Morogoro and Ngorongoro districts in Tanzania were trained to use the AfyaData app. The AfyaData supports near- to real-time data collection and submission at both community and health facility levels as well as the provision of feedback to reporters. The functionality of the One Health Knowledge Repository (OHKR) app has been integrated into the AfyaData app to provide health information on case definitions of diseases of humans and animals and to synthesize advice that can be transmitted to CHRs with next step response activities or interventions. Additionally, a WhatsApp social group was made to serve as a platform to sustain interactions between community members, local government officials, and DODRES team members. RESULTS Within the first 5 months (August-December 2016) of AfyaData tool deployment, a total of 1915 clinical cases in livestock (1816) and humans (99) were reported in Morogoro (83) and Ngorongoro (1832) districts. CONCLUSIONS These initial results suggest that the DODRES community-level model creates an opportunity for One Health engagement of people in their own communities in the detection of infectious human and animal disease threats. Participatory approaches supported by digital and mobile technologies should be promoted for early disease detection, timely reporting, and prompt response at the community, national, regional, and global levels.

scholarly journals Online market research panel members as controls in case–control studies to investigate gastrointestinal disease outbreaks: early experiences and lessons learnt from the UK

2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (4) ◽  
pp. 458-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Mook ◽  
J. McCormick ◽  
S. Kanagarajah ◽  
G. K. Adak ◽  
P. Cleary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Market Research ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Sampling Frame ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Operational Issues

AbstractEstablished methods of recruiting population controls for case–control studies to investigate gastrointestinal disease outbreaks can be time consuming, resulting in delays in identifying the source or vehicle of infection. After an initial evaluation of using online market research panel members as controls in a case–control study to investigate aSalmonellaoutbreak in 2013, this method was applied in four further studies in the UK between 2014 and 2016. We used data from all five studies and interviews with members of each outbreak control team and market research panel provider to review operational issues, evaluate risk of bias in this approach and consider methods to reduce confounding and bias. The investigators of each outbreak reported likely time and cost savings from using market research controls. There were systematic differences between case and control groups in some studies but no evidence that conclusions on the likely source or vehicle of infection were incorrect. Potential selection biases introduced by using this sampling frame and the low response rate are unclear. Methods that might reduce confounding and some bias should be balanced with concerns for overmatching. Further evaluation of this approach using comparisons with traditional methods and population-based exposure survey data is recommended.

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