scholarly journals Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus, Coxiella burnetii & Brucella spp. in Milk, Kazakhstan

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Hay ◽  
Christina Farris ◽  
Phil Elzer ◽  
Alexei Andrushchenko ◽  
Sue Hagius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Western Kazakhstan ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Positive Controls

Raw milk was collected from cows in western Kazakhstan in winter 2014-2015. Samples were defatted and frozen at -20C, then tested as follows. For tick-borne encephalitis virus, 65 samples were tested using the VectorBest TBEV antigen capture kit, with 9% positive. For Coxiella burnetii, 50 samples were assayed using a species-specific qPCR assay and all were negative, though positive controls were consistently positive. For Brucella spp., PCR, ELISA and FPA testing is ongoing, with some positive results. These data suggest that consumption of raw cow's milk in western Kazakhstan is a risk factor for tick-borne encephalitis and brucellosis. The risk for Q fever appears to be small during winter, but may be present at other times of the year.

scholarly journals DETECTION OF CAUSATIVE AGENTS OF TICK-BORNE INFECTIONS BY POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION ASSAY CARRIED OUT AS A PART OF CLINICAL STUDIES IN THE “REPUBLICAN CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES HOSPITAL” OF ULAN-UDE

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 138-142
Author(s):  
E. V. Silchenko ◽  
L. M. Oshorova ◽  
I. Ts. Balzhinimaeva ◽  
E. I. Bondarenko ◽  
N. A. Dasheeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Clinical Material ◽  
Unexpected Finding ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus

The article is devoted to the study of vector-borne pathogens circulating in the Republic of Buryatia. The authors have carried out  identification of the genetic material of tick-borne encephalitis virus,  Borrellia burgdorferi, Borrellia miуamotoi, Coxiella burnetii and  Rickettsia sibirica in various samples of biological material. The  object of the study were whole blood, leukocyte fraction and blood  serum of patients admitted to the hospital in a state of fever that  occurred after sucking of the tick, as well as mites brought by the  population. A detailed analysis of the data showed that 11.7 % (9  out of 70) of the clinical material samples and 17.8 % (50 out of  281) of the tick samples had genetic markers of tick-borne  pathogens. In the material from the patients, the RNA of tick-borne  encephalitis virus was most often determined, and in the DNA of  Borrellia burgdorferi mites. In addition, the authors first confirmed  the etiologic role of Borrellia miуamotoi in the development of cases  of Lyme disease in the Republic. An unexpected finding was the  detection of Coxiella burnetii DNA in ticks and in clinical material. In  the Republic of Buryatia Q-fever was detected by laboratory  diagnostics for the first time. This fact confirms the circulation of this pathogen in the region. In this regard, the authors conducted a  retrospective analysis of the medical histories of patients who were found to have genetic markers of Q-fever.

scholarly journals Alimentary Infections by Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Martina Ličková ◽  
Sabína Fumačová Havlíková ◽  
Monika Sláviková ◽  
Boris Klempa
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Neurological Disease ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Relevant Factor ◽  
Milk Products ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) causes serious the neurological disease, tick-borne encephalitis (TBE). TBEV can be transmitted to humans by ticks as well as by the alimentary route, which is mediated through the consumption of raw milk products from infected ruminants such as sheep, goats, and cows. The alimentary route of TBEV was recognized in the early 1950s and many important experimental studies were performed shortly thereafter. Nowadays, alimentary TBEV infections are recognized as a relevant factor contributing to the overall increase in TBE incidences in Europe. This review aims to summarize the history and current extent of alimentary TBEV infections across Europe, to analyze experimental data on virus secretion in milk, and to review possible alimentary infection preventive measures.

scholarly journals Microbiological outcomes associated with low leukocyte counts in cerebrospinal fluid

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Wald ◽  
S Merisor ◽  
P Zachary ◽  
O Augereau ◽  
S Gravier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Leukocyte Counts ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Positive Results

Abstract The significance of low leukocyte counts in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) remains unclear. We performed a two-year retrospective study to examine microbiological outcomes associated with CSF leukocytes at 6–10/mm 3. Of the 178 samples examined, we detected positive results for 11 samples, including 5 cases of Tick-borne encephalitis virus infection.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Antibodies in Domestic and Game Animals from Eastern Poland

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Cisak ◽  
Angelina Wójcik-Fatla ◽  
Jacek Sroka ◽  
Violetta Zając ◽  
Ewa Bilska-Zając ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Rate ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
High Response Rate ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Positive Results

Abstract Serum samples from 123 cattle, 95 wild boars, and 43 deer (red deer, roe deer, and fallow deer) from the territory of eastern Poland were examined by the ELISA for the presence of specific antibodies against tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV). The rates of positive response in the animals were 4.1%, 16.8%, and 11.6%, respectively. Examination of 37 blood samples from deer with RT-PCR revealed only one positive result in a roe deer (2.7%). The relatively high serologic response rate in wild boars was due to a very high response rate (35.7%) in the Chełm district, which accounted for 94% of the total positive results. These findings seem to indicate that the Chełm district is most probably an endemic area of TBEV.

TBE in South Korea

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joon Young Song
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Human Case ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Surveillance Studies ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus

Although no human case of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) has been documented in South Korea to date, surveillance studies have been conducted to evaluate the prevalence of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) in wild ticks.

TBE in Slovakia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Kerlik
Keyword(s):  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus

The former Czechoslovak Republic was one of the first countries in Europe where the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) was identified.

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