Determination of Sites of Special Importance for the Conservation of Threatened Orchid Species in Colombia

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e67589
Author(s):  
Daniela Alba-Patiño ◽  
Fabian Martínez-Hernández ◽  
Juan Francisco Mota Poveda
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Altitudinal Distribution ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Endangered Orchid ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Andes Region ◽  
Selection Of

Colombia is the country with the highest number of orchid species (4270), whose optimal habitat is cold and humid forests. However, the outlook for conservation is alarming, considering that deforestation is causing the loss of millions of hectares of forests. This situation has led to the existence of 206 endangered orchid species. Therefore, this research was conducted to determine Sites of Special Importance for the Conservation of Threatened Orchid Species in Colombia (SSICO), through an analysis of their spatial and altitudinal distribution using various databases, to make a selection of nature reserves on a municipality scale, using Marxan software, and employing relevant parameters (richness, rarity, and IUCN category). Furthermore, the results were later compared with the Protected Areas System, determining their coverage to propose SSICOs. 674 records of the presence of threatened orchids in 277 municipalities were obtained. Urrao, Abrego, and Frontino were the areas with the greatest richness and rarity. Marxan selected 47 municipalities located mostly in the Andes region, and four SSICOs were prioritized, which are located in the Antioquia, Norte de Santander, Nariño and Putumayo provinces. These SSICOs, in addition to being points of great biodiversity, are areas with special socio-economic characteristics that influence the management of natural resources. These areas require timely attention, research, and intervention by environmental authorities because of their importance for conserving orchids and Andes Forests.

Planning the priority protected areas of endangered orchid species in northeastern China

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1395-1409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jizhong Wan ◽  
Chunjing Wang ◽  
Shijie Han ◽  
Jinghua Yu
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Northeastern China ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Endangered Orchid

scholarly journals Analysis of fungal diversity in Orchis tridentata Scopoli

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 850-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Pecoraro ◽  
Mariangela Girlanda ◽  
Tiiu Kull ◽  
Claudia Perini ◽  
Silvia Perotto
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Fungal Diversity ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Molecular Methods ◽  
Southern Europe ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Endangered Orchid ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Open Woodland

AbstractWe have assessed the identities of fungi associated with Orchis tridentata, an endangered orchid species growing in open woodland and poor grassland of Central and Southern Europe. Fungal diversity in ten O. tridentata adult individuals collected in two protected areas of Central Italy was analysed by means of morphological and molecular methods. Sequencing of the cloned ITS fungal inserts corresponding to the dominant PCR products obtained from amplification of total root DNA with ITS1F and ITS4 primers revealed a variety of fungal species occurring in O. tridentata roots. Among them, members of the basidiomycete families Ceratobasidiaceae, Tulasnellaceae and Hymenogastraceae were recovered, together with ascomycetes belonging to Leptodontidium and Terfezia. The implications of these results in the understanding of O. tridentata biology and for the conservation of this threatened orchid species are discussed.

DETERMINING THE DESALINATION UNIT COMPOSITION FOR COSTAL AREAS AND SMALL ISLANDS USE ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Imam Setiadi ◽  
Dinda Rita K. Hartaja
Keyword(s):  
Analytic Hierarchy Process ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Pairwise Comparison ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Ahp Method ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Comparison Research ◽  
Hierarchy Process ◽  
Selection Of

Selection of the appropriate composition desalination units can be done with a variety of method approaches, one of the method is the Analytic Hierarchy Process. In determining the desalination unit with AHP method to consider is setting a goal, an alternative criteria and pairwise comparison. Research for the determination of the exact composition of the desalination unit in order to achieve sustainable drinking water suppy in coastal areas and small islands has been conducted. The results of the study are as follows, the energy demand of 50.83%, operator costs of 26.64%, maintenance costs of 14.13% and chemical requirement 8.4%. For an alternative composition desalination unit of RO 10 m3 / day is the best alternative composition with value of 59.61%, the composition of the next alternative is RO 20 m3/ day of 30.40% and the last alternative of the desalination unit composition is RO 120 m3/ day of 09.99%.Key words : Desalination, Mukti Stage Flash Composition, AHP

Optimization of the selection of analysis methods for the determination of naturally occurring radionuclides

Kerntechnik ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 118-121
Author(s):  
T. Heinrich ◽  
L. Funke ◽  
M. Köhler ◽  
U.-K. Schkade ◽  
F. Ullrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Naturally Occurring Radionuclides ◽  
Selection Of

Determination of the minimum number of technological bases of a part

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-75
Author(s):  
B.M. Bazrov ◽  
T.M. Gaynutdinov
Keyword(s):  
Cost Price ◽  
Labor Input ◽  
Part Surface ◽  
Technological Base ◽  
Size Accuracy ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Input Cost ◽  
Selection Of

The selection of technological bases is considered before the choice of the type of billet and the development of the route of the technological process. A technique is proposed for selecting the minimum number of sets of technological bases according to the criterion of equality in the cost price of manufacturing the part according to the principle of unity and combination of bases at this stage. Keywords: part, surface, coordinating size, accuracy, design and technological base, labor input, cost price. [email protected]

Is Hydraulics Over-Used or Under-Used in Storm Drainage?

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
Ben Chie Yen
Keyword(s):  
Unsteady Flow ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Flow Routing ◽  
Kinematic Wave Equation ◽  
Storm Drainage ◽  
Saint Venant Equations ◽  
Unsteady Flow Routing ◽  
Selection Of

Urban drainage models utilize hydraulics of different levels. Developing or selecting a model appropriate to a particular project is not an easy task. Not knowing the hydraulic principles and numerical techniques used in an existing model, users often misuse and abuse the model. Hydraulically, the use of the Saint-Venant equations is not always necessary. In many cases the kinematic wave equation is inadequate because of the backwater effect, whereas in designing sewers, often Manning's formula is adequate. The flow travel time provides a guide in selecting the computational time step At, which in turn, together with flow unsteadiness, helps in the selection of steady or unsteady flow routing. Often the noninertia model is the appropriate model for unsteady flow routing, whereas delivery curves are very useful for stepwise steady nonuniform flow routing and for determination of channel capacity.

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