scholarly journals Mountains in the names of places and on the surface of Lithuania

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-85
Author(s):  
Filomena Kavoliutė
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Surface Relief ◽  
Topographic Maps ◽  
Place Names ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Archaeological Data

The article presents the links between the place names of residential areas and the surface relief of their territories. Names with the lexeme kalnas (hill-, mountain-) were chosen for the study. In total, in Lithuania are about 250 of them. 50 villages with such names marking the surface mountainousness were analyzed. Topographic maps were used to clarify the features of the terrain, the transverse profiles of the surface of the areas were drawn, and a very variable change in the accommodation of the areas in the 20th century was analyzed. In some cases, archaeological data are also used.

Exploration history and place names of northern East Greenland

1969 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 1-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony K. Higgins
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Geological Mapping ◽  
Geological Survey ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Place Names ◽  
East Greenland ◽  
New Name ◽  
Systematic Compilation

The first recorded landing by Europeans on the coast of northern East Greenland (north of 69°N) was that of William Scoresby Jr., a British whaler, in 1822. This volume includes a chronological summary of the pioneer 19th century exploration voyages made by British, Danish, Norwegian, Swedish, French and German expeditions – all of whom reported that the region had previously been occupied by the Inuit or Eskimo; also included are brief outlines of the increasing number of government and privately sponsored expeditions throughout the 20th century, whose objectives included cartography, geology, zoology, botany, trapping and the ascent of the highest mountain summits. In 1934 the Place Name Committee for Greenland was established, the tasks of which included a review of all place names hitherto recorded on published maps of Greenland, their formal adoption in danicised form, and the approval or rejection of new name proposals. In northern East Greenland, by far the largest numbers of new place names were those proposed by scientists associated with Lauge Koch's geological expeditions that lasted from 1926 until 1958. This volume records the location and origin of more than 3000 officially approved place names as well as about 2650 unapproved names. The author's interest in the exploration history and place names of northern East Greenland started in 1968, when the Geological Survey of Greenland initiated a major five-year geological mapping programme in the Scoresby Sund region. Systematic compilation of names began about 1970, initially with the names given by William Scoresby Jr., and subsequently broadened in scope to include the names proposed by all expeditions to northern East Greenland. The author has participated in 16 summer mapping expeditions with the Survey to northern East Greenland. Publication of this volume represents the culmination of a lifetime working in the Arctic.

scholarly journals Aufeis of the Indigirka river basin (Russia): the database from historical data and recent Landsat images

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Makarieva ◽  
Andrey Shikhov ◽  
Nataliia Nesterova ◽  
Andrey Ostashov
Keyword(s):  
Interannual Variability ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Topographic Maps ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Digital Database ◽  
Formation Conditions ◽  
Basin Area

Abstract. Detailed spatial geodatabase of aufeis in the Indigirka River, the basin area 305 000 km2, Russia was compiled from the Cadaster of aufeis of the North-East of the USSR published in 1958, topographic maps and Landsat images for 2013–2017. The aufeis area share varies from 0.26 to 1.15 % in different river sub-basins within the studied area. Digitized Cadaster (1958) contains the coordinates and characteristics of 897 aufeises with total area of 2064 km2. The Landsat-based identification of aufeises for 2013–2017 allowed the description of 1213 aufeises on a total area of 128 km2. The combined digital database of the aufeis is available at https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.891036. The satellite-derived total area of aufeis is 1.6 times less than in the Cadaster (1958). At the same time, more than 600 aufeis identified by Landsat images analyses are missing in the Cadaster (1958). It implies that the aufeis formation conditions may have been changed between the mid-20th century and the present. About 60 % of total area presents 10 % of the largest aufeis. Most aufeis are located in the elevation band of 1100–1300 m. The interannual variability of the aufeis area was estimated by the example of the Bolshaya Momskaya naled (aufeis) and the group of large aufeis in the basin of the Syuryuktyakh River for the period of 2001–2016. The results of analysis indicate a tendency towards a decrease in the area of the Bolshaya Momskaya naled in recent years, at the same time the reduction in the aufeis area in the basin of the Syuryuktyakh River has not occurred.

scholarly journals Index of place Names

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 455-462
Author(s):  
L. M. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Topographic Maps ◽  
Place Names ◽  
Selection Of

This section presents a list of the principal place names used throughout the book. Spellings have been checked against the entries in The Place Names of Svalbard (NP/Skrifter Nos 80 and 112, 1991), covering standardized place names up to 1955, further names have been derived from more recent published topographic maps. Place names of geological interest are located on figures throughout the book and are indicated here by associated figure numbers. Entries in italics are referenced to a regional chapter (4-11) but not located on a figure. The list represents a large selection of those names that are referred to in the geological literature for Svalbard. The spelling in this list, if there be a conflict between the name in the text and a figure, should be preferred. Early stratigraphic names do not necessarily follow the form of the current place names; see the following stratigraphic glossary and index

The ‘American supply trail’: archaeological notes on the remains of the Ziegler polar expedition in Zemlya Frantsa-Iosifa, 1903–1905

Polar Record ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-201
Author(s):  
P.J. Capelotti
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Field Research ◽  
North Pole ◽  
Dartmouth College ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
The Third ◽  
Special Collections ◽  
Franz Josef Land ◽  
Base Camp ◽  
Set Up

ABSTRACTBetween 1898 and 1905, three American expeditions attempted to reach the geographical North Pole from the archipelago of Zemlya Frantsa-Iosifa [Franz Josef Land] and each went to extraordinary and expensive lengths to stage their work. The third of these, the Ziegler polar expedition (1903–1905), led by Anthony Fiala and funded by the American baking soda tycoon William Ziegler, set up numerous camps and caches of supplies along its various expedition routes through the islands. The papers of Anton Vedoe and Ernest Leffingwell at the Rauner Special Collections Library at Dartmouth College reveal both the locations and contents of the caches Fiala ordered to be established in spring 1905, as he made his second and final attempt to reach the pole. These caches extend from the expedition base camp (Camp Abruzzi) at Bukhta Teplitsa [Teplitz Bay] on Ostrov Rudol'fa [Rudolf Island] to the main base of the preceding 1901–1902 Baldwin-Ziegler expedition (Camp Ziegler) on Ostrov Aldzher [Alger Island]. Little is known of the condition of these sites, especially the main cache site of Kane Lodge on Ostrov Grili [Greely Island]. As such, they hold the potential to provide new sources of archaeological data to study American polar ambitions at the turn of the 20th century. While these sites remain unexplored, increasing tourism in the islands necessitates informed planning and field research to establish the nature and stability of these remains so that they may be preserved and the potential effects of tourism mitigated.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Modernist Approach through Buildings in Kayseri, Turkey

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-154
Author(s):  
Hikmet Eldek Güner
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Early Republic ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Republican Period ◽  
New Public ◽  
Modern Style ◽  
Early Republican ◽  
The City

Kayseri was an important commercial city throughout history, and with the declaration of the Republic, it continued its importance in different areas. The city has many original buildings from the Early Republican Period and was a model of modernisation set on a western ideology. Modernisation of the Republic was started with industrialisation. Consequently, Kayseri became an industrial city in the early 20th century. Investments (both economic and spatial) made by government were later continued by the private sector. Industrialisation was seen as the most important dynamic of development and key to modernisation. This situation resulted in the establishment of a new Kayseri around the industrial area and was viewed as an example for a modern Turkey. These industrial areas were constructed close to the boundary of the city centre. At the same time, the city centre was reconstructed according to modern city planning and the new style (modern style). The ceremonial ground (city square), an urban grid system, wide main transport routes, new public and municipal buildings, which were symbols of international style, were constructed by destroying the historic city centre in the Early Republic Period.The Republic was not only constructing new public buildings in a modern style; it was tried to build a new life with the modern residential areas. Instead of the traditional dwellings, modern houses were constructed to illustrate the new lifestyle together with new functional buildings such as modern education complexes, a community centre, stadium and train station were all constructed to show how to live the modern life.The city gained a new face with the changes starting from 1930. Today, many buildings, belonging to the Early Republican Period, are not being considered in the conservation of cultural heritage and are in danger. Industrial complexes, residential areas, public places are seen as a building stock destined to disappear and be replaced by new buildings. These earlier buildings hold important historical, social, economic and political values. Similarly, construction techniques and materials were also unique for that period.The aim of this study is to draw attention to the 20th century buildings in Kayseri constructed in the Early Republic Period, and classify these buildings under different headings (industry, housing, public space, educational space, open spaces) with the photographs, plans and history, thus defining their values and why they must be conserved. Republic was not only constructed new public buildings in modern style, it was tried to build a new life with the modern residential areas. Instead of the traditional dwellings, modern houses were constructed for point out of new life style and also new functioned buildings like as modern education complexes, community center, stadium, train station were constructed to show how to live in the modern life. The city has gained a new face with the changes starting from 1930. Today many buildings, belonging to the Early Republican Period, are not being considered in the conservation of cultural heritage and they are in danger. Industrial complexes, residential areas, public places are seen as a stock of a building and faced to disappear for constructed for the new buildings. They have very important values like as historical, social, economic and politic. Also construction techniques and materials were also unique for that period. The aim of this study is, to attract attention on 20th century buildings in Kayseri which are constructed in Early Republic Period, to classify these buildings in different headings (industry, housing, public space, educational space, open space …etc) with the photographs, plans and history. In general, meaning the main aim of this study is to define their values and explain why they must be conserved.

scholarly journals CURRENT STATUS OF THE NETWORK OF PUBLIC CATERING FACILITIES IN KYIV

2019 ◽  
pp. 76-82
Author(s):  
Arsenii Troshkin
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Food Stores ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Public Catering ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Food Sales

According to the results of the substantial on-site inspection in 2019, this article shows the analysis of the current status of the network of food facilities in the uptown of Kyiv established in the latter half of the 20th century. Residential areas of Obolon, Pozniaky and Rusanivka have been developed in accordance with almost the same building regulations and have the highest density of population in Kyiv. Considering this fact, exactly these residential areas have been chosen for study.The author of this article were established the establishment of new (considering the time when residential areas were established) types of food facilities, their number, accommodation ratio and tendencies, has defined commons and differences in the accommodation of food facilities in different studied residential areas of Kyiv.In order to study the existing network of public catering facilities, we have considered food facilities forming it at the uptown level in the microdistrict as the nearest food facilities to buildings. The active types of facilities have been studied in each district. All facilities can be divided into two functional groups — by use of food facilities and by time of the food consumption: “fast food” and “leisure food”.During our study we have counted up the number of food sales facilities (food stores, supermarkets, kiosks etc.) which enabled us to specify the modern ratio between food sales facilities and out-of-door food facilities in studied areas. The analysis of the existing network of food facilities in residential areas built up in the latter half of the 20th century has shown dramatic changes in the development of this network in all studied residential areas of Kyiv.This article confirms that in residential areas habitants prefer to eat more at home than in public catering facilities. However, the ratio shows us the tendency that corresponds to the world practice of the food consumption outdoors, reduction in time required for home-based food preparation, although not in such a broad volume.

scholarly journals To the Question of Neuter Gender Toponyms’ Declention Ending on -ovo/-evo, -ino/-yno

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 1074-1085
Author(s):  
M. S. Teikin
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Place Names ◽  
Independent Research ◽  
Normative Practice ◽  
Main Factor

The present paper deals with the issue concerning neuter gender toponyms’ declension ending on -ovo/-evo, -ino/-yno in Russian language. Until the 20th century, these place names had been changed in cases steadily; in the middle of the century, a tendency outlined not to decline these toponyms despite the valid rule. The researchers highlight three reasons for distribution of this phenomenon: the professional speech of military men and topographers, the influence of non-Slavic indeclinable neuter gender toponyms, the attempt to eliminate the possible confusion of neuter and masculine nouns that have the same basis. The author estimates the reliability of the reasons that toponyms on -ovo/-evo, -ino/-yno appeared in indeclinable form, determines the possibility of these reasons to influence on deviation from the normative practice and makes an independent research based on available material. The main factor that strongly fastened in practice the non-declension of toponyms on -ovo/-evo, -ino/-yno is the society in which Russian language functioned for the most of 20th century. That was the totalitarian period with its cult of a simple man and orientation on the least educated; this circumstance could not but play in favour for distribution of multiple deviations from the literary norm. In addition, the appearance of numerous toponyms on -ovo/-evo, -ino/-yno formed from the surnames of the communist chiefs (Stalino, Lenino, Kalinino, Ulyanovo, Kuybyshevo, etc.), in indirect cases, created a dangerous analogy with the Soviet leaders, which could contribute in expansion of non-declension.

scholarly journals Chapter 3. The place names of Franz Josef Land: framing the problem

2015 ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Magnus Forsberg
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
North Pole ◽  
Iron Curtain ◽  
Place Names ◽  
The North ◽  
Franz Josef Land ◽  
History Of ◽  
Western Arctic

A brief introduction to the geographic place names of Franz Josef Land. Franz Josef Land is located in the western Arctic though for much of the 20th Century it was closed behind the Iron Curtain. Prior to that, there were a series of Western expeditions between the ‘official’ discovery in 1873 and the departure of the American Fiala group in 1905. From these expeditions, the islands are heavily connected to the history of the search for the North Pole.

LINEAR FILTERS TO SUPPRESS TERRAIN EFFECTS ON GEOPHYSICAL MAPS

Geophysics ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 963-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garry K. C. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Surface Relief ◽  
Magnetic Anomalies ◽  
Topographic Maps ◽  
Linear Filter ◽  
Linear Filters ◽  
Electromagnetic Data ◽  
Strong Interference ◽  
Terrain Effects ◽  
Marine Magnetic Anomalies ◽  
Simultaneous Use

Frequently, on maps of magnetic or electromagnetic data, strong interference due to surface relief can obscure anomalies which are unrelated to terrain. By the simultaneous use of topographic and geophysical maps, mining geophysicists attempt intuitively to remove terrain effects. In previous work (Richards et al, 1967), topographic and magnetic maps were used together to obtain direction and polarization of marine magnetic anomalies. In this paper, a simple linear filter to reduce terrain “noise” will be developed. The filter has two inputs: the geophysical and topographic maps. These are combined to form the output geophysical map.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document