scholarly journals The Life Span of Large Historical Databases

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Jan Kok
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Health Check ◽  
Sense Of Ownership ◽  
Mind And Body ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Historical Databases ◽  
Historical Sample

Large historical databases, although intended to last for a long time, can become obsolete for a variety of reasons. In this essay these reasons are explored and used for a 'health check' of the Historical Sample of the Netherlands (HSN). The HSN leaders are examined for their visionary qualities and their sense of ownership, and the database for its complementarity, versatility and consistency. The essay concludes that, despite challenges ahead, HSN is sound of mind and body.

scholarly journals Historical Databases Now and in the Future

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
Kris Inwood ◽  
Hamish Maxwell-Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Data Structure ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Intermediate Data ◽  
The Future ◽  
Historical Databases ◽  
Historical Sample

Kees Mandemakers has enriched historical databases in the Netherlands and internationally through the development of the Historical Sample of the Netherlands, the Intermediate Data Structure, a practical implementation of rule-based record linking (LINKS) and personal encouragement of high quality longitudinal data in a number of countries.

scholarly journals Dynamics of life expectancy and life span equality

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (10) ◽  
pp. 5250-5259 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Manuel Aburto ◽  
Francisco Villavicencio ◽  
Ugofilippo Basellini ◽  
Søren Kjærgaard ◽  
James W. Vaupel
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
Dynamic Relationship ◽  
Mortality Increase ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

As people live longer, ages at death are becoming more similar. This dual advance over the last two centuries, a central aim of public health policies, is a major achievement of modern civilization. Some recent exceptions to the joint rise of life expectancy and life span equality, however, make it difficult to determine the underlying causes of this relationship. Here, we develop a unifying framework to study life expectancy and life span equality over time, relying on concepts about the pace and shape of aging. We study the dynamic relationship between life expectancy and life span equality with reliable data from the Human Mortality Database for 49 countries and regions with emphasis on the long time series from Sweden. Our results demonstrate that both changes in life expectancy and life span equality are weighted totals of rates of progress in reducing mortality. This finding holds for three different measures of the variability of life spans. The weights evolve over time and indicate the ages at which reductions in mortality increase life expectancy and life span equality: the more progress at the youngest ages, the tighter the relationship. The link between life expectancy and life span equality is especially strong when life expectancy is less than 70 y. In recent decades, life expectancy and life span equality have occasionally moved in opposite directions due to larger improvements in mortality at older ages or a slowdown in declines in midlife mortality. Saving lives at ages below life expectancy is the key to increasing both life expectancy and life span equality.

scholarly journals Improved selection of participants in genetic longevity studies: family scores revisited

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mar Rodríguez-Girondo ◽  
Niels van den Berg ◽  
Michel H. Hof ◽  
Marian Beekman ◽  
Eline Slagboom
Keyword(s):  
Missing Data ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Missing Values ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Limited Success ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Historical Sample ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Background Although human longevity tends to cluster within families, genetic studies on longevity have had limited success in identifying longevity loci. One of the main causes of this limited success is the selection of participants. Studies generally include sporadically long-lived individuals, i.e. individuals with the longevity phenotype but without a genetic predisposition for longevity. The inclusion of these individuals causes phenotype heterogeneity which results in power reduction and bias. A way to avoid sporadically long-lived individuals and reduce sample heterogeneity is to include family history of longevity as selection criterion using a longevity family score. A main challenge when developing family scores are the large differences in family size, because of real differences in sibship sizes or because of missing data. Methods We discussed the statistical properties of two existing longevity family scores: the Family Longevity Selection Score (FLoSS) and the Longevity Relatives Count (LRC) score and we evaluated their performance dealing with differential family size. We proposed a new longevity family score, the mLRC score, an extension of the LRC based on random effects modeling, which is robust for family size and missing values. The performance of the new mLRC as selection tool was evaluated in an intensive simulation study and illustrated in a large real dataset, the Historical Sample of the Netherlands (HSN). Results Empirical scores such as the FLOSS and LRC cannot properly deal with differential family size and missing data. Our simulation study showed that mLRC is not affected by family size and provides more accurate selections of long-lived families. The analysis of 1105 sibships of the Historical Sample of the Netherlands showed that the selection of long-lived individuals based on the mLRC score predicts excess survival in the validation set better than the selection based on the LRC score . Conclusions Model-based score systems such as the mLRC score help to reduce heterogeneity in the selection of long-lived families. The power of future studies into the genetics of longevity can likely be improved and their bias reduced, by selecting long-lived cases using the mLRC.

scholarly journals LONG TIME SOLUTIONS FOR WAVE MAPS WITH LARGE DATA

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 371-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
JINHUA WANG ◽  
PIN YU
Keyword(s):  
Initial Data ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Harmonic Maps ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Wave Maps ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Dimensional Wave

For (2 + 1)-dimensional wave maps with 𝕊2 as the target, we show that for all positive numbers T0 > 0 and E0 > 0, there exist Cauchy initial data with energy at least E0, so that the solution's life-span is at least [0, T0]. We assume neither symmetry nor closeness to harmonic maps.

scholarly journals Q fever in the Netherlands: a sero-epidemiological survey among human population groups from 1968 to 1983

1987 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Richardus ◽  
A. Donkers ◽  
A. M. Dumas ◽  
G. J. P. Schaap ◽  
J. P. W. M. Akkermans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescence ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Immunofluorescence Test ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Occupational Groups ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescence Test ◽  
Long Time

SUMMARYA sero-epidemiological survey, using an indirect immunofluorescence test for IgG against Coxiella burnetii (phase II), was carried out in the Netherlands. Serum samples taken in 1968, 1975, 1979 and 1983 were tested. Occupational groups with a supposedly high risk of infection (veterinarians, residents of dairy farms and taxidermists) showed a significantly higher percentage of seropositives than defined controls. The percentage of seropositive amateur wool spinners was significantly higher than that of the controls from the same region. Since 1968 there has been no increase in the percentage of infected persons, indicating that, contrary to earlier assumptions, Q fever has been endemic in The Netherlands for a long time already. The increase in numbers of notified cases of overt Q fever is considered to be the result of the recent introduction of a sensitive indirect immunofluorescence test for IgM antibodies against C. burnetii. Antibody percentages in all age classes between 1 and 64 years were much alike, suggesting that most infections occur in early childhood. This is in accordance with the finding that 35% of our patients are younger than 3 years. The possibility of infection related to childbirth and lactation is discussed.

scholarly journals The Impact of Family Setting and Local Opportunities on Leaving Home and Migration Destinations of Rural Youths, The Netherlands 1860-1940

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 43-65
Author(s):  
Bastian Mönkediek ◽  
Jan Kok ◽  
Kees Mandemakers
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Leaving Home ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Rural Workers ◽  
Family Economy ◽  
Historical Sample ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Family Setting ◽  
The Impact

In this article we aim to study how Dutch children’s individual destinies result from the complex interplay of family setting and local conditions in a rural environment. We focus on their final move from the parental home, and we will analyse not only timing and incidence of leaving, but also the destinations. To do this, we propose a multi-level competing risk analysis of migration destinations. We focus on two groups: the children of farmers and those of rural workers. Dutch farmers and workers differ in the type of family economy in which children were integrated, and contrasting them will allow us to explain the speed, the directions, and the individual and family backgrounds of the process of leaving agriculture. We make use of the Historical Sample of the Netherlands to analyse last migrations of 8,338 children of farmers and rural workers. As we cover the entire country, we can study the full impact of regional differences on type of agriculture and inheritance, in combination with the family composition. Our results indicate significant effects of specialised versus traditional, mixed farming on the migration behaviour of farmers’ and rural workers’ children, as well as the importance of the number of siblings of the same sex and birth order. The variations in the effects of the sibship among regions with different agricultural systems demonstrate the importance of gender-specific divisions of labour on leaving home.

scholarly journals Linking the Historical Sample of the Netherlands with the USA Censuses, 1850–1940

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Diogo Paiva ◽  
Francisco Anguita ◽  
Kees Mandemakers
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Validation Process ◽  
Reasonable Result ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Historical Sample ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Over Time

During the 19th and early 20th century about 220,000 Dutch born persons migrated to the USA. The Historical Sample of the Netherlands (HSN) contains about 85,500 persons born in the Netherlands between 1812 and 1922. In this article we report the way we have matched persons from the HSN with the American censuses from the period 1850 till 1940. For this purpose, a linking process was designed, comprising of three stages: harmonization, matching and validation. The different nature of the two datasets (HSN and the USA Censuses) asked for some harmonization prior to the matching. Once the data had been properly prepared, two strategies were applied in order to link the data sets. The first one, called Similarity Approach, matched individuals from both datasets by comparing on the basis of resemblance of first and last names. The second approach, called Transformation Approach, made use of dictionaries with Anglicized versions of Dutch first and last names and their most common or most likely Dutch original(s). Because of the sample character of the HSN even exact matches showed ambiguity that needs to be resolved. For this reason, a validation process comparing the household context was run to provide a more trustworthy result. In the end we identified 484 individuals present in the HSN database with reliable links to the American censuses. We also evaluated the result in the light of what we know from emigration patterns to the USA over time and period and we concluded that our efforts have produced a reasonable result. Nevertheless, we are aware that we may have missed links. We also found that at least 45% of the emigrants returned to the Netherlands at some point during their life course.

scholarly journals On the Existence of Long-Time Classical Solutions for the 2D Inviscid Boussinesq Equations

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jiafa Xu ◽  
Lishan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Cauchy Problem ◽  
Initial Data ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Boussinesq Equations ◽  
Classical Solutions ◽  
Buoyancy Frequency ◽  
General Initial Data ◽  
The Cauchy Problem ◽  
Long Time

In this paper, we consider the Cauchy problem for the 2D inviscid Boussinesq equations with N being the buoyancy frequency. It is proved that for general initial data u 0 ∈ H s with s > 3 , the life span of the classical solutions satisfies T > C ln     N 3 / 4 .

scholarly journals 'COME TO HOLLAND': PROMOSI PARIWISATA BELANDA BAGI HINDIA-BELANDA DAN INDONESIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Achmad - Sunjayadi
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
World War ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
East Indies ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Dutch East Indies ◽  
Second World

Relation between Indonesia and The Netherlands, particularly in the tourism sector has been established long time ago. The relation has been built since Indonesia still part of Dutch colony until now. Relation in the tourism sector had disconnected between the beginning of Second World War until the 1950s. This article tries to trace the relation and the contemporary situation of the tourism sector in Netherland. The discussion focuses on the Netherlands as a tourism destination for the Dutch East Indies’ verlofgangers (those who furlough) and for Indonesian tourists. The question is how Netherlands promote their country as tourist destination and the reason why they promote their country to Dutch East Indies and Indonesian tourists. The data sources for this article are from Dutch’s newspapers and magazines during the colonial period, archives of tourism agencies in the Netherlands as well as Dutch contemporary newspapers,.Keywords: The Netherlands, Indonesia, Dutch East Indies, tourism, promotionAbstrakHubungan antara Indonesia dengan Belanda dalam sektor kepariwisataan sudah terjalin lama. Hubungan tersebut terjalin sejak Indonesia masih Hindia-Belanda dan berada di bawah kepemimpinan Belanda hingga Indonesia merdeka. Hubungan di sektor kepariwisataan itu sempat terputus pada masa awal Perang Dunia II hingga tahun 1950-an. Artikel ini membahas jejak hubungan dan situasi kontemporer sektor kepariwisataan di kedua negara. Bahasan dititikberatkan pada Belanda sebagai negara tujuan wisata bagi penduduk Hindia Belanda yang ketika itu disebut verlofgangers (orang yang mengambil cuti) dan wisatawan Indonesia pada saat ini. Pertanyaan yang akan dijawab pada studi ini adalah bagaimana Belanda mempromosikan negerinya serta alasan di balik promosi itu. Sumber yang digunakan adalah arsip surat kabar dan majalah pada periode tersebut, arsip dari lembaga pariwisata di Belanda. serta surat kabar kontemporer terbitan Belanda.Kata kunci: Belanda, Indonesia, Hindia-Belanda, kepariwisataan, promosi

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