scholarly journals The Impact of Family Setting and Local Opportunities on Leaving Home and Migration Destinations of Rural Youths, The Netherlands 1860-1940

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 43-65
Author(s):  
Bastian Mönkediek ◽  
Jan Kok ◽  
Kees Mandemakers
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Leaving Home ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Rural Workers ◽  
Family Economy ◽  
Historical Sample ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Family Setting ◽  
The Impact

In this article we aim to study how Dutch children’s individual destinies result from the complex interplay of family setting and local conditions in a rural environment. We focus on their final move from the parental home, and we will analyse not only timing and incidence of leaving, but also the destinations. To do this, we propose a multi-level competing risk analysis of migration destinations. We focus on two groups: the children of farmers and those of rural workers. Dutch farmers and workers differ in the type of family economy in which children were integrated, and contrasting them will allow us to explain the speed, the directions, and the individual and family backgrounds of the process of leaving agriculture. We make use of the Historical Sample of the Netherlands to analyse last migrations of 8,338 children of farmers and rural workers. As we cover the entire country, we can study the full impact of regional differences on type of agriculture and inheritance, in combination with the family composition. Our results indicate significant effects of specialised versus traditional, mixed farming on the migration behaviour of farmers’ and rural workers’ children, as well as the importance of the number of siblings of the same sex and birth order. The variations in the effects of the sibship among regions with different agricultural systems demonstrate the importance of gender-specific divisions of labour on leaving home.

scholarly journals The effect of land subsidence on real estate values

2020 ◽  
Vol 382 ◽  
pp. 703-707
Author(s):  
Wouter Willemsen ◽  
Sien Kok ◽  
Onno Kuik
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Land Subsidence ◽  
Housing Prices ◽  
Property Values ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Hedonic Pricing ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Negative Skin Friction ◽  
Timber Piles ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Land subsidence in the Netherlands, mainly occurring in its western and northern peat and clay soils, causes significant damage to houses and infrastructure, estimated at EUR 17 billion until 2050, through differential settlement of shallow foundations, negative skin friction and fungal decay of timber piles. Various studies and reports both in The Netherlands and abroad have addressed the potential economic impacts of subsidence on houses: yet, these studies lack spatially detailed data and instead rely on generic assumptions on expected damage restoration costs. By using a hedonic pricing model, this study examines the impact of subsidence on housing prices in the Dutch cities of Rotterdam and Gouda. In contrast to earlier studies, subsidence and its impact on property values are examined at house level. We test for the effect of subsidence with data related to (i) general (uniform) subsidence (mm yr−1), (ii) differential subsidence of a building and (iii) subsidence of the surrounding area in relation to the house. Results show that uniform subsidence has the largest impact on property values with approximately −6 %, while “differential” and “surrounding” subsidence show respectively −2 % and no effect. These results could prove useful to policymakers, homeowners and housing corporations by generating a better understanding of the impact of subsidence on property values and subsequently to create awareness and spur investments in measures to mitigate damage. It should be noted that these results are specific to the research area are therefore not immediately scalable to other cities as local conditions differ.

scholarly journals The Cs-137 contamination of soils in the Netherlands and its consequences for the contamination of crop products.

1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-346
Author(s):  
M.J. Frissel ◽  
J.F. Stoutjesdijk ◽  
A.C. Koolwijk ◽  
H.W. Koster
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Plant Transfer ◽  
Analysis Programme ◽  
Averaging Time ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Space Effects

On 2-4 May 1986 the Netherlands was contaminated with radioactive caesium originating from the nuclear accident at Chernobyl. Radiation measurements indicated that the major part of the contamination was associated with rainfall. A sampling and analysis programme confirmed this assumption. To estimate the uptake of Cs-134 and Cs-137 by crops in the future, use was made of the data of the Soil-to-Plant Transfer working group of the IUR (International Union of Radioecologists). The IUR data provide predictor values for the transfer of radionuclides for particular types of crops and soils. Correction factors are presented for the impact of pH, organic matter content and reduction of the availability of radionuclides with time. Uncertainties associated with averaging time and space effects and local differences as well as 95% confidence limits are provided. The predicted levels for edible parts of crops in the Netherlands vary between 0.1 and 10 Bq kg-1 on a dry weight base. On a fresh weight base these values are even lower. The predicted transfer values are compared with results of uptake experiments at RIVM. It can be concluded that, for the range of conditions tested, there is no indication of severe deviations from the predicted uptake due to local conditions in the Netherlands. Therefore the derived equations for the prediction of the uptake of Cs-137 can be applied. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals Leaving Home for Marital and Non-Marital Reasons in the Netherlands, 1850-1940 – The Impact of Parental Death and Parental Remarriage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Rosenbaum-Feldbrügge
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Household Composition ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Leaving Home ◽  
Parentally Bereaved ◽  
Bereaved Children ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Parentally Bereaved Children

Previous research shows that parentally bereaved children in north-western Europe in the past left home earlier than children who lived together with both biological parents. This article analyses the mechanisms behind this phenomenon with a special focus on the routes out of the parental household and the entry of step-parents and step-siblings. The Historical Sample of the Netherlands (HSN) is exploited which contains detailed infor-mation about household composition and life courses of more than 22,000 female and male adolescent and young adult children born between 1850 and 1922. Event-history analysis is applied and two exclusive routes out of the parental household, for marital and non-marital reasons, are studied in a competing risk design. The results show that parental loss does not increase the risk of early marriage before age 23, but strongly en-hances the chances for leaving home for non-marital reasons, which are mainly work-related. This is especially true in case of maternal loss. No support is found for the hy-pothesis that the entry of a step-parent and step-siblings increases the risk of leaving home compared to living with a single widowed parent. Tensions with step-parents therefore do not suffice to explain why parentally bereaved children left earlier for non-marital reasons. Instead, we argue that children’s exit was in the interest of both the single widowed parent and the bereaved child.

DLK1-DIO3 Region as a Source of Candidate Tumor Suppressor miRNAs in Papil- Lary Thyroid Carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Augusto Marson ◽  
Letícia Ferreira Alves ◽  
Micheli Severo Sielski ◽  
Cristina Pontes Vicente ◽  
Edna Teruko Kimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Suppressor ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Genomic Region ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Computational Resources ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tumor Suppressor Mirnas ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract Background: DLK1-DIO3 genomic region comprises one of the largest microRNA (miRNAs) clusters in human genome. In previous studies we showed the downregulation of several miRNAs from the genomic region in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Due to the large number of miRNAs within this region the individual contribution of these molecules to PTC development and progression remains unclear. Methods: We used different computational resources to clarify the contribution of DLK1-DIO3-derived miRNAs to PTC. Results: Our analysis suggests that 12 miRNAs from this region cooperate to modulate distinct cancer-relevant biological processes, potentially responding for most of the impact of DLK1-DIO3-derived miRNAs to PTC development and progression. The overexpression of miR-485-5p in two PTC cell lines decreased proliferation and migration, confirming the biological relevance of in silico data. Conclusion: Our results shed light on the role of DLK1-DIO3 region, harboring several tumor suppressor miRNAs in thyroid cancer and open perspectives for the functional exploration of these miRNAs as therapeutic targets for PTC.

The impact of regional express trains from Moscow on population mobility

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-38
Author(s):  
A. A. Romashina
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Behavior ◽  
Population Mobility ◽  
System Transformation ◽  
Speed Increase ◽  
Settlement Structure ◽  
Migration Potential ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

The paper is concerned with settlement system transformation in response to transport speed increase and changing the conditions of commuting. The article discusses the role of the individual spatial mobility as a part of settlement structure by the example of directions from Moscow to Tver’, Nizhny Novgorod, Orel, Belgorod, Kursk, where projects of significant railroad speed increase were operated in the 2010s. Transport accessibility improvement between Moscow and listed regional centers, caused by the launch of regional express trains, changed the spatial behavior of the inhabitants of these regions. The study of settlement structure transformation in response to transport connection speed increase was based on dynamics data of various types of trains passenger flows and the results of sociological surveys of regional express trains passengers. Conclusions are drawn about the role of commuting in the settlement structure and the factors of their transformation, depending on the speed characteristics, existing settlement structure and other geographical characteristics of the territory. The influence of these factors was different on the considered directions. Some of mentioned projects affected intra- (Tver’) and inter-agglomeration mobility (Nizhny Novgorod). Some cities (Oryol, Kursk, Belgorod) are characterized by small effects on commuting due to it’s sensitivity to the distance from Moscow and migration potential.

Rethinking Time, Migration, and Aging

2021 ◽  
pp. 188-196
Author(s):  
Ken Chih-Yan Sun
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Migrant Populations ◽  
Time Migration ◽  
Social Settings ◽  
Institutional Responses ◽  
Intimate Relations ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

This chapter reviews the concept of temporalities of migration and considers the ways in which aging immigrants anchor themselves in a transnational social field. It looks at the mutual processes that shape temporalities and migratory experiences and their connections with the organization of intimate relations at the individual, familial, communal, and state levels. It also examines the interaction of time and migration in the experiences of older Taiwanese migrants living in both the United States and Taiwan. The chapter analyzes the impact of time or temporalities on the identities of immigrants, establishing that relocating to a new society complicates the subjectivities of newcomers and provides new options for identity in familial, communal, and social settings. It underscores the need for reassessment of institutional responses to the needs and desires of aging migrant populations.

Turkish migration in Europe: EU accession and migration flows

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-257
Author(s):  
Wadim Strielkowski ◽  
Ondřej Glazar
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Future Scenarios ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Foreseeable Future ◽  
Eu Accession ◽  
Eu Membership ◽  
Migration Flows ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

This paper analyses the impact of Turkey's potential EU membership on emigration from Turkey to the European Union. We apply panel data estimators using the data on emigration from EU15 countries into Germany and the Netherlands in order to construct possible future scenarios of Turkish migration to the EU. Three scenarios of migration, pessimistic, realistic and optimistic (depending on the fears related to the expected impact of Turkish migration on the EU labour markets), are drawn and future migration from Turkey into Germany and the Netherlands during the next 25 years is discussed in detail. We conclude that Turkish EU accession, should it happen in the foreseeable future, will not have any serious consequences in terms of massive migration flows.

scholarly journals The impact of intra-specific diversity in the rhizobia-legume symbiosis

Microbiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 167 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryden Fields ◽  
Emma K. Moffat ◽  
Ville-Petri Friman ◽  
Ellie Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
High Performing ◽  
Legume Symbiosis ◽  
Function Relationship ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Rhizobia - nitrogen-fixing, root-nodulating bacteria - play a critical role in both plant ecosystems and sustainable agriculture. Rhizobia form intracellular infections within legumes roots where they produce plant accessible nitrogen from atmospheric nitrogen and thus reduce the reliance on industrial inputs. The rhizobia-legume symbiosis is often treated as a pairwise relationship between single genotypes, both in research and in the production of rhizobial inoculants. However in nature individual plants are infected by a high diversity of rhizobia symbionts. How this diversity affects productivity within the symbiosis is unclear. Here, we use a powerful statistical approach to assess the impact of diversity within the Rhizobium leguminosarum - clover symbiosis using a biodiversity-ecosystem function framework. Statistically, we found no significant impact of rhizobium diversity. However this relationship was weakly positive - rather than negative - indicating that there is no significant cost to increasing inoculant diversity. Productivity was influenced by the identity of the strains within an inoculant; strains with the highest individual performance showed a significant positive contribution within mixed inoculants. Overall, inoculant effectiveness was best predicted by the individual performance of the best inoculant member, and only weakly predicted by the worst performing member. Collectively, our data suggest that the Rhizobium leguminosarum - clover symbiosis displays a weak diversity-function relationship, but that inoculant performance can be improved through the inclusion of high performing strains. Given the wide environmental dependence of rhizobial inoculant quality, multi-strain inoculants could be highly successful as they increase the likelihood of including a strain well adapted to local conditions across different environments.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document