scholarly journals From Escapism to Propaganda: Hungarian Cinema in the Age of Growing Anti-Semitism, Nationalism, and World War II. Review Article of Frey, David. 2018. Jews, Nazis and the Cinema of Hungary: The Tragedy of Success, 1929-44 London, New York: I.B. Tauris. 462 pp. illus. and Gergely, Gábor. 2018. Hungarian Film 1929-1947: National Identity, Anti-Semitism, and Popular Cinema. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press. 329 pp. illus.

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 150-161
Author(s):  
Lilla Tőke
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Film Industry ◽  
World War ◽  
Popular Cinema ◽  
Sound Film ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
Anti Jewish ◽  
Film Making ◽  
The Impact

The article reviews recent scholarship on Hungarian cinema in the age of rising nationalism, anti-Semitism and World War II. It looks at two books specifically as they examine issues such as the film industry’s transition from silent to sound film, the nationalization of the film industry system, the impact of anti-Jewish legislation on film making, and political censorship. The article also considers how the books address genre and the birth of star system in Hungarian film.

Franklin D. Roosevelt and US Foreign Relations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Cross
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Foreign Relations ◽  
Active Role ◽  
The United States ◽  
American People ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

Franklin D. Roosevelt was US president in extraordinarily challenging times. The impact of both the Great Depression and World War II make discussion of his approach to foreign relations by historians highly contested and controversial. He was one of the most experienced people to hold office, having served in the Wilson administration as Assistant Secretary of the Navy, completed two terms as Governor of New York, and held a raft of political offices. At heart, he was an internationalist who believed in an engaged and active role for the United States in world. During his first two terms as president, Roosevelt had to temper his international engagement in response to public opinion and politicians wanting to focus on domestic problems and wary of the risks of involvement in conflict. As the world crisis deepened in the 1930s, his engagement revived. He adopted a gradualist approach to educating the American people in the dangers facing their country and led them to eventual participation in war and a greater role in world affairs. There were clearly mistakes in his diplomacy along the way and his leadership often appeared flawed, with an ambiguous legacy founded on political expediency, expanded executive power, vague idealism, and a chronic lack of clarity to prepare Americans for postwar challenges. Nevertheless, his policies to prepare the United States for the coming war saw his country emerge from years of depression to become an economic superpower. Likewise, his mobilization of his country’s enormous resources, support of key allies, and the holding together of a “Grand Alliance” in World War II not only brought victory but saw the United States become a dominant force in the world. Ultimately, Roosevelt’s idealistic vision, tempered with a sound appreciation of national power, would transform the global position of the United States and inaugurate what Henry Luce described as “the American Century.”

Commercial Influences in Popular Literature: An Empirical Study of Brand Name Usage in American and British Hit Plays in the Postwar Era

1986 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monroe Friedman
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
British Literature ◽  
Popular Literature ◽  
Brand Names ◽  
Brand Name ◽  
World War ◽  
American Novels ◽  
The Impact ◽  
London Stage

This article examines the impact of commercial practices on popular American and British literature by analyzing the usage made since World War II of brand names and generic names in the scripts of a selected set of hit plays performed on the New York stage and the London stage. Taken together with the results of an earlier study on popular American novels, the findings lend support to the charges of increasing commercial influence in the popular literature of the postwar era. The findings also underscore the significance of earlier conceptualizations such as “word-of-author advertising” as well as commercial and non-commercial forms of materialism.

Book Reviews

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 112-130
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Harvard University ◽  
State University ◽  
Social Reconstruction ◽  
World War ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
The Holocaust

Katja Weber and Paul A. Kowert, Cultures of Order: Leadership, Language and Social Reconstruction in Germany and Japan (Albany: State University of New York Press 2007)Reviewed by Rainer BaumannSimon Green, Dan Hough, Alister Miskimmon, and Graham Timmins, The Politics of the New Germany (London and New York: Routledge, 2008)Reviewed by David P. ConradtJeffrey Herf, The Jewish Enemy: Nazi Propaganda during World War II and the Holocaust (Cambridge: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2006)Reviewed by Thomas FreemanMarc Fenemore, Sex, Thugs and Rock’n’Roll: Teenage Rebels in Cold-War East Germany (New York: Berghahn Books, 2007)Reviewed by Henning WrageFrancis R. Nicosia, Zionism and Anti-Semitism in Nazi-Germany (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008)Reviewed by Klaus L. Berghahn

The Arabs as Nazis? Some Reflections on “Islamofascism” and Arab Anti-Semitism

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 450-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Flores
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Third Reich ◽  
Nazi Germany ◽  
World War ◽  
The Third ◽  
Close Affinity ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
Nazi Ideology ◽  
The Third Reich ◽  
Anti Jewish

One of the main constituents of the so-called Islamofascism is, in the eyes of those who subscribe to this conception, the close affinity of Arabs (and sometimes, Muslims) to Nazi ideology and possibly practice. To bolster this notion, its proponents do basically three things: first, they try to prove that a massive majority of Arabs took a pro-Nazi stand during the Third Reich and especially during World War II and that important Arab figures collaborated with Nazi Germany during the War. Secondly, they point to widespread—real and alleged—anti-Jewish beliefs among present-day Arabs. And thirdly, they claim that there is a personal, political and ideological continuity between both phenomena and that, thus, present-day Arab Judeophobia has the same character, scope and possible effect as the anti-Semitism of the Nazis. During the War, so the argument goes, Arab attitudes were part and parcel of Nazi ideology, and they largely retained this quality although, after the War, Nazism was overcome in Europe. In this article, three more recent publications which subscribe to the above mentioned argument will be critically discussed.

A Plurality of Minorities

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morton Keller ◽  
Phyllis Keller
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Admission Rate ◽  
Social Background ◽  
World War ◽  
Student Body ◽  
Religious Identification ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
Student Center

The triumph of meritocracy at Harvard had social as well as academic and intellectual consequences. It changed the ethnocultural and class structures of both the faculty and the student body. Jews in particular became a substantial, accepted part of the Harvard scene. And in more complex and ambivalent ways, Catholics, women, and African Americans gained in numbers, impact, and visibility. After World War II, meritocratic principles substantially overrode anti- Semitism in the admission of students and the appointment and promotion of faculty. An inquiry into the religious identification of Harvard College students in the mid-1950s revealed that 52 percent identified themselves as Protestants (about 15 percent of these Episcopalian), 12 percent as Catholics, 15 percent as Jews; 20 percent claimed no religious affiliation. Residual discrimination against Jewish applicants arguably lurked within an admissions policy that sought a Harvard class as diverse as possible in geographical origin, social background, and nonacademic talents. But the 1956 admission rate to Harvard from strongly Jewish feeder schools was (with the glaring exceptions of New York City’s Stuyvesant and Erasmus high schools) not too far below the overall Harvard acceptance rate of 43.3 percent of applicants. (Though it may be assumed that the academic record of these candidates was well above the norm.) After World War II, anti-Catholicism like anti-Semitism retreated to the margins of respectability. The religiously inclined Pusey had an ecumenical sympathy for Catholics, substantially reciprocated. And Catholics themselves became more ready to send their sons to Harvard. JFK’s election to the presidency in particular gave the University a cachet among them that all but obliterated the suspicion-ridden past. Catholic undergraduates, substantially greater in numbers than in the prewar years, felt more at home by the 1950s. In 1960 a Catholic Student Center opened adjacent to the campus, with Cardinal Cushing’s encouragement and assistance. The Current, a Catholic student magazine, concluded in the spring of 1963: “we are convinced that Catholics belong at Harvard.”

Movies, Modernism, and the Science Fiction Pulps

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Telotte
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Science Fiction ◽  
Film Industry ◽  
Formative Period ◽  
World War ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Post World War Ii ◽  
The Impact

This book considers the impact that the new art of film had on the development of the emerging science fiction (SF) genre during the pre- and early post-World War II era, during the time that the genre was trying to locate an identity, develop its key themes, and even settle on a name. Focusing on the primary venue for early SF literature, the popular pulp magazines such as Amazing Stories, Wonder Stories, and Astounding Stories, it traces this early film/literature relationship by examining four common features of the pulps: stories that involve film or the film industry; film-related advertising; editors’ commentaries and readers’ remarks on film; and cover and story illustrations. All these features demonstrate an interest and even a fascination with the movies, which, as many of SF’s readers, writers, and editors recognized, demonstrated a modernist agenda similar to that which characterized the literature. By surveying these haunting traces of another medium in early SF discourse, this book shows how that cinematic influence penetrated and, both consciously and unconsciously, helped shape the experience of SF, as well as the cultural idea of SF during this formative period.

Ressourcement Anti-Semitism? Addressing an Obstacle to Henri de Lubac’s Proposed Renewal of Premodern Christian Spiritual Exegesis

2017 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 614-633
Author(s):  
Joseph K. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
World War ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
Significant Obstacle ◽  
Anti Jewish ◽  
Spiritual Exegesis ◽  
The Church

Henri de Lubac hoped that his works on premodern Christian exegesis would help the church recover a more holistic Christian approach to Scripture, but the presence of anti-Jewish rhetoric in the tradition, which he reproduces in his major works, is a significant obstacle to any such recovery. While he did not address this difficulty in his major works, his resistance to Anti-Semitism during World War II provides a resource for addressing this problem. His early writings offer principles for a renewed and recentered approach to Christian use and interpretation of Scripture.

scholarly journals Kojenie obrazem, leczenie snem. Konstruowanie pamięci o Zagładzie w polskich filmach fabularnych po 1989 roku

2018 ◽  
pp. 97-114
Author(s):  
Piotr Forecki
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Film Industry ◽  
World War ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
Sensitive Issue ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
Polish Version ◽  
Good Feeling

In the period between the end of World War II and the late 1980s the Polish film industry produced nearly twenty films on the Holocaust which approached the topic within secure lim- its. Those films that were permitted to be shown did not disturb the good feeling of the na- tional community, did not refer to the Polish version of anti-Semitism, and first and foremost avoided the sensitive issue of Polish society’s attitude to the annihilation of the Jews. Each film complied with the then current historical policy, which either treated this issue instru- mentally or simply ignored it. After 1989, both historiography and cinematography began to fill in the blank spots and address topics that were formerly forbidden, taboo or distorted in the official state discourse. Due to the abolishment of political restrictions and the liberation of public discourse, Polish cinematography embarked upon a belated examination of conscience and revision of the memories of the Holocaust cultivated till then. At least it seemed so. Has it actually happened, though? Have Polish filmmakers actually taken the trouble to deconstruct the myths, fill in the gaps and correct the deformed Polish memories of the Holocaust? Even if the answers to these superficial questions are affirmative, at least in terms of their intentions, what has become of it? This paper is an attempt to identify how the memory of the Holocaust has been constructed in Polish feature movies since 1989.

Anti-Jewish Incidents in the Lublin Region in the Early Years after World War II

2008 ◽  
pp. 177-205
Author(s):  
Adam Kopciowski
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Jewish Population ◽  
Jewish Life ◽  
Early Years ◽  
World War ◽  
Political Condition ◽  
Ritual Murder ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Post War ◽  
Anti Jewish

In the early years following World War II, the Lublin region was one of the most important centres of Jewish life. At the same time, during 1944-1946 it was the scene of anti-Jewish incidents: from anti-Semitic propaganda, accusation of ritual murder, economic boycott, to cases of individual or collective murder. The wave of anti-Jewish that lasted until autumn of 1946 resulted in a lengthy and, no doubt incomplete, list of 118 murdered Jews. Escalating anti-Jewish violence in the immediate post-war years was one of the main factors, albeit not the only one, to affect the demography (mass emigration) and the socio-political condition of the Jewish population in the Lublin region

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