scholarly journals Phytoextraction and the economic perspective of phytomining of heavy metals

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amjad Ali ◽  
Di Guo ◽  
Amanullah Mahar ◽  
Wang Ping ◽  
Fazli Wahid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Green Technology

Abstract. The world rapid growing population, expanding economics and anthropogenic activities contribute to heavy metals pollution, which are non-biodegradable, persistent and threaten the environment. The rising level of heavy metals in environment emphasizes on indigenous technologies, but conventional technologies are too expensive, laborious and result in secondary pollution. Phytoremediation/phytoextraction is a plant based technology, which is environmental friendly, economic and effective for heavy metals remediation. The global market of phytoremediation is 34–54 billion US$ and is expanding in the developed countries, providing an opportunity for this green technology. Suitability of phytoextraction depends on biomass production, accumulation rate and tolerance to target metals. Metals uptake can be enhanced by exploring effective hyperaccumulators, expanding phytomining operations and extending molecular studies on accumulation mechanism, tolerance and sensitivity of heavy metals. Hyperaccumulator plants achieve greater performance at low cost than conventional technologies for in situ metal removal. Phytomining generate revenue and provide new research area for biofortification of food and feed, biofuel and metal rich biochar production in future. This review highlights the sources of heavy metals and its effects on plants, enhancing phytoremediation process and increasing economic benefits of phytomining.

scholarly journals Exploiting the Potential in Water Cleanup from Metals and Nutrients of Desmodesmus sp. and Ampelodesmos mauritanicus

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1461
Author(s):  
Roberto Braglia ◽  
Lorenza Rugnini ◽  
Sara Malizia ◽  
Francesco Scuderi ◽  
Enrico Luigi Redi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Sequential Approach ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Green Microalga

Increasing levels of freshwater contaminants, mainly due to anthropogenic activities, have resulted in a great deal of interest in finding new eco-friendly, cost-effective and efficient methods for remediating polluted waters. The aim of this work was to assess the feasibility of using a green microalga Desmodesmus sp., a cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. and a hemicryptophyte Ampelodesmos mauritanicus to bioremediate a water polluted with an excess of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) and heavy metals (copper and nickel). We immediately determined that Nostoc sp. was sensitive to metal toxicity, and thus Desmodesmus sp. was chosen for sequential tests with A. mauritanicus. First, A. mauritanicus plants were grown in the ‘polluted’ culture medium for seven days and were, then, substituted by Desmodesmus sp. for a further seven days (14 days in total). Heavy metals were shown to negatively affect both the growth rates and nutrient removal capacity. The sequential approach resulted in high metal removal rates in the single metal solutions up to 74% for Cu and 85% for Ni, while, in the bi-metal solutions, the removal rates were lower and showed a bias for Cu uptake. Single species controls showed better outcomes; however, further studies are necessary to investigate the behavior of new species.

scholarly journals Biosorption of Heavy Metals by the Bacterial Exopolysaccharide FucoPol

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 6708
Author(s):  
Patrícia Concórdio-Reis ◽  
Maria A. M. Reis ◽  
Filomena Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Bacterial Exopolysaccharide ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Specific Metal ◽  
Significant Health

Despite the efforts for minimizing the usage of heavy metals, anthropogenic activities still generate high amounts of wastewater containing these contaminants that cause significant health and environmental problems. Given the drawbacks of the conventional physical and chemical methods currently used, natural biosorbents (microbial cells or their products) arise as promising environmentally friendly alternatives. In this study, the binding efficiency of the polysaccharide secreted by Enterobacter A47, FucoPol, towards lead (Pb2+), cobalt (Co2+), copper (Cu2+) and zinc (Zn2+) cations was demonstrated. FucoPol revealed a higher performance for the biosorption of Pb2+, with a maximum overall metal removal of 93.9 ± 5.3% and a specific metal uptake of 41.1 ± 2.3 mg/gEPS, from a Pb2+ solution with an initial concentration of 10 mg/L, by a 5 g/L FucoPol solution. The overall metal removal decreased considerably (≤31.3 ± 1.6%) for higher Pb2+ concentrations (48 and 100 mg/L) probably due to the saturation of FucoPol’s binding sites. Pb2+ removal was also less efficient (66.0 ± 8.2%) when a higher FucoPol concentration (10 g/L) was tested. Pb2+ removal efficiency of FucoPol was maximized at pH 4.3, however, it was affected by lower pH values (2.5–3.3). Moreover, the FucoPol’s sorption performance was unaffected (overall metal removal: 91.6–93.9%) in the temperature range of 5–40 °C. These findings demonstrate FucoPol’s great potential for utilization as a biodegradable and safe biosorbent for treating waters and wastewaters contaminated with Pb2+.

scholarly journals Heavy metal removal from wastewater using various adsorbents: a review

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renu ◽  
Madhu Agarwal ◽  
K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals

Heavy metals are discharged into water from various industries. They can be toxic or carcinogenic in nature and can cause severe problems for humans and aquatic ecosystems. Thus, the removal of heavy metals from wastewater is a serious problem. The adsorption process is widely used for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater because of its low cost, availability and eco-friendly nature. Both commercial adsorbents and bioadsorbents are used for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater, with high removal capacity. This review article aims to compile scattered information on the different adsorbents that are used for heavy metal removal and to provide information on the commercially available and natural bioadsorbents used for removal of chromium, cadmium and copper, in particular.

Potential of Agricultural Waste Material (Ananas cosmos) as Biosorbent for Heavy Metal Removal in Polluted Water

2020 ◽  
Vol 1010 ◽  
pp. 489-494
Author(s):  
Abdul Hafidz Yusoff ◽  
Rosmawani Mohammad ◽  
Mardawani Mohamad ◽  
Ahmad Ziad Sulaiman ◽  
Nurul Akmar Che Zaudin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Pineapple Peel

Conventional methods to remove heavy metals from polluted water are expensive and not environmentally friendly. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate the potential of agricultural waste such as pineapple peel (Ananas Cosmos) as low-cost absorbent to remove heavy metals from synthetic polluted water. The results showed that Cd, Cr and Pb were effectively removed by the biosorbent at 12g of pineapple peels in 100 mL solution. The optimum contact time for maximum adsorption was found to be 90 minutes, while the optimum pH for the heavy metal’s adsorption was 9. It was demonstrated that with the increase of adsorbent dosage, the percent of heavy metals removal was also increased due to the increasing adsorption capacity of the adsorbent. In addition, Langmuir model show maximum adsorption capacity of Cd is 1.91 mg/g. As conclusions, our findings show that pineapple peel has potential to remove heavy metal from polluted water.

Treatment of metals-contaminated wastewaters by use of natural zeolites

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Ouki ◽  
M. Kavannagh
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Natural Zeolites ◽  
Al Substitution ◽  
Metals Removal ◽  
Exchange Material ◽  
Na Ions ◽  
Competing Ions

This paper assesses the potential of natural zeolite utilization as a low-cost in exchange material for heavy metals removal. Two natural zeolites, clinoptilolite and chabazite, have been evaluated with respect to their selectivity and removal performance for the treatment of effluents contaminated with mixed heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni and Co). The effects of relevant parameters such as chemical treatment, metals concentration, pH, and presence of competing ions were examined. The results showed that the received zeolites contained exchangeable K, Ca and Na ions, but exposing them to concentrated NaCl solutions converted them to a homoionic state in the Na form which improved their exchange capacity. Clinoptilolite and chabazite exhibited different selectivity profiles for all metals studied except for Pb for which both zeolites performed exceptionally well. The results also showed that chabazite exchange capacity is superior to that of clinoptilolite mainly due to the higher Al substitution of Si which provides chabazite with a negative framework favourable to higher exchange capability. The pH was found to have an effect on metal removal as it can influence both the character of the exchanging ions and the zeolite itself. Overall, the removal mechanism was controlled by ion exchange and precipitation was proven negligible.

Applications of Nanoparticles in Heavy Metal Removal for Wastewater Treatment at Brahmani River

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 4666-4670
Author(s):  
Himanshu Sekhar Rath ◽  
Mira Das ◽  
Smita Rath ◽  
U. N. Dash ◽  
Alakananda Tripathy
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
River Stretch

The goal of this research is to determine the current standard of water quality along the Brahmani River stretch in terms of physico-chemical parameters. The River Brahmani receives a substantial amount of industrial waste in the identified study area and is witness to a large amount of human and agricultural activities. Nowadays Ninety percent of Brahmani’s required water is secured with groundwater resources and it is essential to forecast pollutant content in those resources. Hence, this research aimed at using of nanoparticles such as Activated Carbons (ACs) for removal of heavy metal such as nickel and zinc in Brahmani river using the Langmuir approach. Adsorption seems to be the most widely used method for heavy metal recovery due to its low cost, easy installation and the presence of alternative adsorbents. In addition, the process of adsorption can also be made in use to recover heavy metal ions from wastewater. Despite these advantages, adsorption is hard to commercialize. Due to the strong absorption capacity, high number of pores and wide, common area, nanoparticles are treated as the effective method in removal of heavy metals in rivers. Comparative analysis shows that seventy-one percent of heavy metals can be removed using the nanotechnology model.

An Overview of Fruit Waste as Sustainable Adsorbent for Heavy Metal Removal

2013 ◽  
Vol 389 ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norzila Othman ◽  
S. Mohd-Asharuddin ◽  
M.F.H. Azizul-Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Good Efficiency ◽  
Recovery Method ◽  
High Metal Content ◽  
Fruit Waste

Biosorption is an environmental friendly method for metal removal as it can be used as a cost effective and efficient technique for heavy metal removal. A lot of biomass can be choosed as biosorbent such as waste material from food processing and agriculture.ent. This paper will review the potential used of local fruit rind as biosorbent for heavy metal removal in wastewater. Heavy metals have been in various industries and resulted to a toxic condition in aquatic ecosystem. Therefore, various techniques have been employed for the treatment of metal-bearing industrial wastewaters including biological treatment through biosorption. Biosorption offers the advantages of low cost, good efficiency and production of sludge with high metal content is possible to avoid by the existence of metal recovery method from metal loaded biosorbent. The successful application of local fruit waste in treating wastewater containing heavy metals requires a deeper understanding of how biosorbent material proceeds.

scholarly journals Removal of Heavy Metals from Wastewater by Adsorption

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athar Hussain ◽  
Sangeeta Madan ◽  
Richa Madan
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Cost Effective Technique ◽  
Adsorption Processes

Adsorption processes are extensively used in wastewater treatment for heavy metal removal. The most widely used adsorbent is activated carbon giving the best of results but it’s high cost limits its use. It has a high cost of production and regeneration. As the world today faces a shortage of freshwater resources, it is inevitable to look for alternatives that lessen the burden on existing resources. Also, heavy metals are toxic even in trace concentrations, so an environmentally safe method of their removal necessitated the requirement of low cost adsorbents. Adsorption is a cost-effective technique and gained recognition due to its minimum waste disposal advantage. This chapter focuses on the process of adsorption and the types of adsorbent available today. It also encompasses the low-cost adsorbents ranging from agricultural waste to industrial waste explaining the adsorption reaction condition. The cost-effectiveness, technical applicability and easy availability of raw material with low negative impact on the system are the precursors in selecting the adsorbents. The novelty of the chapter lies in covering a wide range of adsorbents with their efficiency in removal of heavy metals from wastewater.

scholarly journals Bioremoval of Different Heavy Metals in Industrial Effluent by the Resistant Fungal Strain Aspergillus niger

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Naveen Kumar ◽  
J. Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Metal Binding ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Differential Pulse ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals

Developing countries are increasingly concerned with pollution due to toxic heavy metals in the environment. Unlike most organic pollutants which can be destroyed, toxic metal ions released into the environment often persist indefinitely circulating and eventually accumulating throughout the food chain thus posing a serious threat to mankind. The use of biological materials for heavy metal removal or recovery has gained importance in recent years due to their good performance and low cost. Among the various sources, both live and inactivated biomass of organisms exhibits interesting metal binding capacities. Their complex cell walls contain high content of functional groups like amino, amide, hydroxyl, carboxyl, and phosphate which have been implicated in metals binding. In the present study, Aspergillus niger was used to analyze the metal uptake from an aqueous solution. The determination of Cu+2, Pb+2, Cd+2, Zn+2, Co-2 and Ni+2 in samples was carried out by differential Pulse Anodic Voltammetry (DPASV) and the Voltammograms. Production of oxalic acid was carried out by submerged fermentation. The organism used in the present study has the ideal properties to sequester toxic metals and grow faster.

Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles for Environmental Remediation

2017 ◽  
pp. 705-741
Author(s):  
Ravindra Kumar Gautam ◽  
Shivani Soni ◽  
Mahesh Chandra Chattopadhyaya
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals

Water pollution by anthropogenic activities is proving to be of critical concern as the heavy metals affect aquatic organisms and can quickly disperse to large distances. This poses a risk to both human health and the aquatic biota. Hence, there is a need to treat the wastewater containing toxic metals before they are discharged into the water bodies. During recent years, magnetic nanoparticles came to the foreground of scientific interest as a potential adsorbent of novel wastewater treatment processes. Magnetic nanoparticles have received much attention due to their unique properties, such as extremely small size, high surface-area-to-volume ratio, surface modifiability, multi functionality, excellent magnetic properties, low-cost synthesis, and great biocompatibility. The multi-functional magnetic nanoparticles have been successfully applied for the reduction of toxic metal ions up to ppb level in waste-treated water. This chapter highlights the potential application of magnetic nanoparticles for the removal of heavy metals.

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