scholarly journals Degel Zion: Sephardi and Mizrahi Youth and the Sephardi Question

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 200-223
Author(s):  
Moshe Naor
Keyword(s):  
Historical Narrative ◽  
British Mandate ◽  
Youth Movement ◽  
Tel Aviv ◽  
Youth Organization ◽  
Building Process ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Marginal Status ◽  
Ethnic Organization

This article examines the history of Degel Zion, which was established in 1938 as a Sephardi youth organization at the initiative of the Association of Sephardi Jews in Tel Aviv, and which operated until the latter years of the British Mandate. Degel Zion was established as a local ethnic organization but developed into a national youth movement that sought to organize Sephardi and Mizrahi youth and integrate them within the Yishuv and within the nation-building process. The article will discuss the manner in which Degel Zion related to the ‘Sephardi question’ – a term that referred to the social and cultural condition of the Sephardi and Mizrahi youth and their marginal status within the Yishuv. The article will explore the way in which Degel Zion justified its existence as an ethnic framework. The discourse on the Sephardi question, as promoted by Degel Zion, related not only to the influence of the national institutions on the shape of the ethnic problem, but also embodied a Sephardi-Mizrahi self-perception and historical narrative that the leadership and facilitators of the movement sought to inculcate in its young members.

The History of Unreason

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Samuel Teague ◽  
Peter Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Social Construction ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Individual Responsibility ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health And Illness ◽  
History Of

This chapter reflects on the importance of the historical narrative of mental illness, arguing that Western countries have sought new ways to confine the mentally ill in the post-asylum era, namely through the effects of stigma and medicalization. The walls are invisible, when once they were physical. The chapter outlines how health and illness can be understood as socially constructed illustrating how mental health has been constructed uniquely across cultures and over time. To understand this process more fully, it is necessary to consider the history of madness, a story of numerous social flashpoints. The trajectories of two primary mental health narratives are charted in this chapter. The authors argue that these narratives have played, and continue to play, an important role in the social construction of mental illness. These narratives are “confinement” and “individual responsibility.” Drawing on the work of Michel Foucault and Roy Porter, the authors describe how Western culture has come to consider the mentally ill as a distinct, abnormal other.

scholarly journals On the issue of scientific research of rural youth of Yakutia 1970-1980-s

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 04001
Author(s):  
Petr Egorov ◽  
Anna Adamenko ◽  
Terenty Ermolaev
Keyword(s):  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Rural Youth ◽  
Youth Movement ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Village ◽  
Scientific Ideas

The article discusses the history of the study of rural youth in Yakutia in the 70-80s. XX century through a historiographic review of scientific works on the youth problem. During the period under review, the role of rural youth increased, she began to actively participate in the socio-economic processes taking place in the countryside, and represented a significant share and the main resource of labor replenishment for the agricultural sector of the economy. In studies of the 70s - early 80s. emphasis was placed on the social aspects of scientific and technological progress, the impact of industrialization and intensification of agricultural production on the social structure of the rural population, and the improvement of its professional, cultural and technical level. Since the mid-1980s, research has begun to raise many complex problems related to rural lifestyles, and especially on such important changes as rural life, spiritual and material needs and needs of various population groups, in particular rural youth, factors and prospects of youth movement between the village and the city. It was established that scientific research allowed to expand scientific ideas about the rural youth of Yakutia, its social dynamics, determining its place and role in society.

scholarly journals The Social Construction of Historical Traumas: The Polish Experience of the Uses of History in an Intelligentsia-dominated Polity

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 911-931
Author(s):  
Tomasz Zarycki ◽  
Tomasz Warczok
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
The West ◽  
Specific Nature ◽  
Polish Experience ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Identity ◽  
And Control

The article argues that Poland’s mainstream national historical narrative, at least as far as the last two centuries of history of the country is concerned, is full of ‘traumatic’ motives which are regularly used and developed in diverse current political and intellectual contexts. Polish history is imagined to a large extent as an endless chain of 200 years of suffering, caused, among other things, by occupations, wars and exploitation, which are usually seen as not fully recognized in other countries, in particular in the West. The article attempts first of all to explain this specific nature of Poland’s historical identity by the privileged role of the intelligentsia, understood as a specific type of elite based on possession and control of cultural capital. It reconstructs the historical rise of the intelligentsia and its impact on the mainstream narrative in question, pointing to a selective choice of potential ‘traumas’ which are assigned a national status. They may be seen as tools to build positions in what can be called the Polish ‘field of power’, to use the notion coined by Pierre Bourdieu. The particular configuration and recent history of the field of power in Poland is reconstructed in order to explain different strategies of what can be called the social and political construction of historical traumas in Poland.

Between Ideology and Identity: Psychoanalysis in Jewish Palestine (1918–1948)

2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eran J. Rolnik
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual History ◽  
British Mandate ◽  
Jewish Society ◽  
The Social ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cultural Sphere

The reception of psychoanalysis outside the German cultural sphere is an important chapter in the historiography of psychoanalysis as well as in the social and intellectual history of many societies. This paper attempts to historicize the reception of the Freudian paradigm in Palestine under the British Mandate by locating two of its main historical contexts: the socialist foundations of the budding Jewish society and the migration of German-speaking psychoanalysts following the Nazi accession to power.

Reflections on Writing a History of Women Teachers

1997 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 635-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Weiler
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Women Teachers ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Feminist History ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

In this article, Kathleen Weiler reflects on the historiography of Country Schoolwomen, her recent study of women teachers in rural California. Using a broad definition of feminist research, Weiler summarizes some of the most salient issues currently under debate among feminist scholars. She raises questions about the nature of knowledge, the influence of language in the social construction of gender, and the importance of an awareness of subjectivity in the production of historical evidence. Using several cases from Country Schoolwomen, Weiler discusses the importance of considering the conditions under which testimony is given, both in terms of the dominant issues of the day — for example, the way womanliness or teaching is presented in the authoritative discourse — and the relationship between speaker and audience. She concludes that a feminist history that begins with a concern with the constructed quality of evidence moves uneasily between historical narrative and a self-conscious analysis of texts.

German émigré psychologists in Tel Aviv (1934–58)

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Liebscher
Keyword(s):  
Small Group ◽  
International Association ◽  
Analytical Psychology ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
International Congress ◽  
Personal Contact ◽  
Birth Date ◽  
British Mandate ◽  
Tel Aviv ◽  
Group Member

The First International Congress for Analytical Psychology was held in Zurich from 7 to 12 August 1958. On this occasion a small group of Israeli psychologists, represented by Erich Neumann, was accepted as a charter group member of the International Association for Analytical Psychology (IAAP), which marked the foundation of the Israel Association of Analytical Psychology. The history leading up to this official birth date is mainly associated with the efforts of Erich Neumann – and rightly so; however, a number of other therapists, scholars and patients have been forgotten or deleted from this historical narrative, to their detriment. While I was working on the edition of the correspondence between C. G. Jung and Erich Neumann I came across their names, which were often only casually mentioned re some episode, and I have since tried to find out their stories and what happened to them. In this article I discuss the contributions to the development of analytical psychology in British Mandate Palestine, later Israel, of two such figures, Max M. Stern (1895–1982) and Margarete Braband-Isaac (1892–1986). Both had been in personal contact with C. G. Jung and built a bridge between the isolated Jewish therapists in British Mandate Palestine and the Zurich circles. In Tel Aviv they collaborated for a while with Neumann, with whom for different reasons both fell out. The article shows the cause of these controversies with Neumann and tries to find out why those two characters were historically marginalized.

scholarly journals Termodinâmica e Revolução industrial: Uma abordagem por meio da História Cultural da Ciência

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 71-97
Author(s):  
Geilson Rodrigues Da Silva ◽  
Nádia Cristina Guimarães Errobidart
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Interest In Science ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Narrative Format ◽  
Didactic Material

ResumoO Ensino de Ciências ainda apresenta vertentes que prezam por práticas pautadas predominantemente na repetição e memorização de exercícios. Essa abordagem leva a dificuldades de aprendizagem dos discentes, bem como, o desinteresse pela ciência e pelo seu processo de construção. Uma das formas de romper com essa abordagem trata-se da utilização da História Cultural Científica no qual a ciência é vista como integrante da cultura humana. Assim sendo, objetivamos elaborar um material didático em formato de texto narrativo histórico que contemplasse a abordagem cultural científica da Termodinâmica pautados nas abordagens internalista e externalista. Para isso utilizamos da pesquisa bibliográfica em fontes secundárias, com o intuito de elucidar as contribuições culturais e científicas da Revolução Industrial para o desenvolvimento da Termodinâmica. Deste modo, foi possível elucidar as necessidades sociais que foram predominantes para o aperfeiçoamento das máquinas térmicas e a evolução dos processos técnicos para os científicos que culminaram nas leis da Termodinâmica. Diante disso, a visão internalista e externalista, foram abordadas de forma integradas permitindo que a narrativa histórica seja uma possibilidade de abordagem da História Cultural Científica.Palavras-chave: Estudo do Calor; História da Ciência; Máquinas Térmicas.AbstractThe teaching of science still presents aspects that emphasize practices based predominantly on repetition and memorization of exercises. This approach leads to learning difficulties of students, as well as the lack of interest in science and its construction process. One of the ways to break with this approach is the use of scientific Cultural history in which science is seen as a member of human culture. Thus, we aim to elaborate a didactic material in a historical narrative format that contemfaced the scientific cultural approach of thermodynamics based on internalist and externalist approaches. For this we use the bibliographic research in secondary sources, with the aim of eluciding the cultural and scientific contributions of the Industrial Revolution for the development of thermodynamics. Thus, it was possible to elucidates the social needs that were predominant for the improvement of the thermal machines and the evolution of the technical processes for the scientific ones that culminated in the laws of thermodynamics. In view of this, the internalist and Externalist vision, were approached in an integrated way allowing the historical narrative to be a possibility of approaching the scientific Cultural historyKeywords: Heat Study; History of Science; Industrial Revolution.

Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Emily Klancher Merchant
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
The United States ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
The Other ◽  
Reproductive Justice ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of

The introduction situates Building the Population Bomb’s historical narrative in the context of current debates over whether the world’s population is growing too quickly or not quickly enough, and over what should be done about it. It lays out two positions—moderate and extreme—and explains that, rather than taking one side or the other, the book tells the story of how these positions emerged in tandem between the 1920s and the 1970s. It contends that population growth has been unfairly blamed for many of the world’s problems, and promises to explain how this happened and who has benefited from it. The introduction describes how Building the Population Bomb contributes to the history of the social sciences, furthers our understanding of the role of the United States in promoting global development in the second half of the twentieth century, and advances the contemporary project of reproductive justice.

The History of Unreason

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Samuel Teague ◽  
Peter Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Social Construction ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Individual Responsibility ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health And Illness ◽  
History Of

This chapter reflects on the importance of the historical narrative of mental illness, arguing that Western countries have sought new ways to confine the mentally ill in the post-asylum era, namely through the effects of stigma and medicalization. The walls are invisible, when once they were physical. The chapter outlines how health and illness can be understood as socially constructed illustrating how mental health has been constructed uniquely across cultures and over time. To understand this process more fully, it is necessary to consider the history of madness, a story of numerous social flashpoints. The trajectories of two primary mental health narratives are charted in this chapter. The authors argue that these narratives have played, and continue to play, an important role in the social construction of mental illness. These narratives are “confinement” and “individual responsibility.” Drawing on the work of Michel Foucault and Roy Porter, the authors describe how Western culture has come to consider the mentally ill as a distinct, abnormal other.

scholarly journals The History of Mental Health Services in Modern England: Practitioner Memories and the Direction of Future Research

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Turner ◽  
Rhodri Hayward ◽  
Katherine Angel ◽  
Bill Fulford ◽  
John Hall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Mental Health Policy ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Single Issue ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of

Writing the recent history of mental health services requires a conscious departure from the historiographical tropes of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries which have emphasised the experience of those identified (and legally defined) as lunatics and the social, cultural, political, medical and institutional context of their treatment. A historical narrative structured around rights (to health and liberty) is now complicated by the rise of new organising categories such as ‘costs’, ‘risks’, ‘needs’ and ‘values’. This paper, drawing on insights from a series of witness seminars attended by historians, clinicians and policymakers, proposes a programme of research to place modern mental health services in England and Wales in a richer historical context. Historians should recognise the fragmentation of the concepts of mental illness and mental health need, acknowledge the relationship between critiques of psychiatry and developments in other intellectual spheres, place the experience of the service user in the context of wider socio-economic and political change, understand the impacts of the social perception of ‘risk’ and of moral panic on mental health policy, relate the politics of mental health policy and resources to the general determinants of institutional change in British central and local government, and explore the sociological and institutional complexity of the evolving mental health professions and their relationships with each other and with their clients. While this is no small challenge, it is perhaps the only way to avoid the perpetuation of ‘single-issue mythologies’ in describing and accounting for change.

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