Career Plateauism: End of the Road or Just Another Fork?

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Joseph ◽  
Bret Simmons ◽  
Kenneth Abramowicz ◽  
Tonia Girardi
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Multinational Corporation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Job Change ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traditional Definition ◽  
Conventional Measure ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Corporate Downsizing

ABSTRACTThis paper is based on a study of a large U.S. multinational corporation, examining the importance of career plateauism, the condition whereby more employees find that opportunities for promotions are limited or non-existent. This phenomenon has gained special attention with corporate downsizing and the emergence of “flatter” organizations. This exploratory study suggests that plateauism is a multi-faceted construct. Plateauism can have adverse effects upon certain employees in the organization; however, a segment of plateaued employees commonly referred to as “solid citizens” can manage to function effectively. Instead of viewing plateauism solely by its traditional definition of hierarchical movement, the assessment of plateauism needs to be expanded to include factors such as the content of the job, change in work responsibilities, and the learning of new skills. “Content” plateauism is contrasted as being distinctly different from the conventional measure referred to as “structural” plateauism. This difference in the assessment of plateauism may explain why one type of plateauism has detrimental effects while the negative repercussions attributable to the other type of plateauism can be moderated; consequently, the different types of plateauism may require different interventions. The implications for managers, organizations, and plateaued employees are discussed.

Career Plateauism: End of the Road or Just Another Fork?

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Joseph ◽  
Bret Simmons ◽  
Kenneth Abramowicz ◽  
Tonia Girardi
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Multinational Corporation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Job Change ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traditional Definition ◽  
Conventional Measure ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Corporate Downsizing

ABSTRACTThis paper is based on a study of a large U.S. multinational corporation, examining the importance of career plateauism, the condition whereby more employees find that opportunities for promotions are limited or non-existent. This phenomenon has gained special attention with corporate downsizing and the emergence of “flatter” organizations. This exploratory study suggests that plateauism is a multi-faceted construct. Plateauism can have adverse effects upon certain employees in the organization; however, a segment of plateaued employees commonly referred to as “solid citizens” can manage to function effectively. Instead of viewing plateauism solely by its traditional definition of hierarchical movement, the assessment of plateauism needs to be expanded to include factors such as the content of the job, change in work responsibilities, and the learning of new skills. “Content” plateauism is contrasted as being distinctly different from the conventional measure referred to as “structural” plateauism. This difference in the assessment of plateauism may explain why one type of plateauism has detrimental effects while the negative repercussions attributable to the other type of plateauism can be moderated; consequently, the different types of plateauism may require different interventions. The implications for managers, organizations, and plateaued employees are discussed.

scholarly journals Comparison of Usability between Gear Shifters with Varied Visual and Haptic Patterns and Complexities

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Sanna Lohilahti Bladfält ◽  
Camilla Grane ◽  
Peter Bengtsson
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Manual Transmission ◽  
The Other ◽  
Complexity Level ◽  
The Road ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Driver Performance ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Haptic Patterns

Shift-by-wire technology enables more options concerning the design, placement and functions of gear shifters compared to traditional gear shifters with manual transmission. These variations can impact usability and driver performance. There is a lack of research regarding the potential advantages and disadvantages of different types of gear shifters. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficiency and subjective ease-of-use of mono- and polystable joystick gear shifter types at different complexity levels and with full or limited visibility. An experimental study with 36 participants was conducted. The results showed that monostable joysticks, especially those with an I/J-shape, were overall less efficient and easy to use than polystable joysticks. The highest complexity level clearly affected the efficiency for the monostable joystick with an I/J-shape (mono I/J) compared with the other gear shifter types. The monostable joystick with an I/J-shape (mono I/J) was also most affected by reduced visibility at the highest level of complexity, indicating that it was more prone to causing users to take their eyes off the road.

scholarly journals Reviewing the cultural industry: from creative industries to digital platforms

1970 ◽  
pp. 135-145
Author(s):  
Fausto Colombo
Keyword(s):  
Creative Industries ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cultural Industry ◽  
International Debate ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Traditional Definition ◽  
Radical Critique ◽  
Culture Production ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

The goal of the present study is to broadly reconstruct the international debate on the cultural industry, from its origins to today. In particular, the links with other related concepts (creative industries and digital platforms) will be highlighted. The article is divided in three sections: the first reconstructs the origin of the concept, from the 1930s and 1940s, highlighting the theoretical heritage of Adorno and Horkheimer and, more generally, the scholars of the Frankfurt School. Together with Marcuse, those scholars identified, on the one hand, the consonances between industrial mass production and new forms of culture production and, on the other, formulated a radical critique of this change. In the same years in which the theories of this school were disseminated, Morin proposed a less pessimistic view of the same transformation. In the second section, the evolution of the concept of cultural industry during the end of the 1970s and the beginning of the 2000s is studied. During this period, the classical theories –after a phase of partial obscurity– were taken up. On one hand a socio-historical perspective emphasized the role played by national industries in shaping contents and styles. On the other hand, a series of scholars enlarged the definition to the creative industries. In the third section, some hypothesis are built about the evolution of the digital platforms and their links with the traditional definition of cultural industry.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of Multilingual Films in the Context of Audio Visual Translation

2020 ◽  
pp. 147-159
Author(s):  
Eglė Alosevičienė
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Silent Film ◽  
The Other ◽  
Feature Film ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Definition Of

The present article investigates the most topical issues of the genre and translation of the multilingual film (also referred to as „polyglot film“). The definition of this type of film is based on the use of several different languages and their ‘collision’ in a feature film. In this sense, the multilingual film is a formal genre similar to, e.g., the musical, where, instead of a combination of movement and singing, a combination of several languages prevails. It is also denoted by reiterating combinations of actions and character constellations, specific patterns (odyssey, integraa The present article investigates the most topical issues of the genre and translation of the multilingual film (also referred to as “polyglot film”). The definition of this type of film is based on the use of several different languages and their “collision” in a feature film. In this sense, the multilingual film is a formal genre similar to, e.g., the musical where instead of a combination of movement and singing a combination of several languages prevails. It is also denoted by reiterating combinations of actions and character constellations, specific patterns (odyssey, integration, translation), aptitude to puns, search for internationally clear vocabulary. On the other hand, a question may be raised whether the creator of a film deliberately selects the tradition of multilingualism, whether a multilingual film is consciously intended. In this case, the concept of the genre is heavily debatable.  The multilingual film was developed in the 1930s, after the completion of the epoch of silent film. Since the 1990s, the multilingual film has been employed to draw attention to the issues of migration and diasporas. In the context of audio-visual translation, the multilingual film is prominently challenging. When dubbing, the film is adapted to the language and culture of translation while eliminating multilingualism. When subtitling, multilingualism is preserved by keeping the original soundtrack, and different languages may be highlighted by employing subtitles of different types (differentiating by font, colour, etc.). When employing voice-over, synchrony and isochrony of various types are essential. tion, translation), aptitude to puns, search for internationally clear vocabulary. On the other hand, a question may be raised whether the creator of a film deliberately selects the tradition of multilingualism, whether a multilingual film is consciously intended. In this case, the concept of the genre is heavily debatable. Multilingual film was developed in the 1930s, after the completion of the epoch of silent film. Since the 1990s, multilingual film has been employed to draw attention to the issues of migration and diasporas. In the context of audio visual translation, multilingual film is prominently challenging. When dubbing, the film is adapted to the language and culture of translation while eliminating multilingualism. When subtitling, multilingualism is preserved by keeping the original soundtrack, and different languages may be highlighted by employing subtitles of different types (differentiating by font, colour, etc.). When employing voice-over, synchrony and isochrony of various types are essential.

Recognizing Runaway IS Projects When They Occur

2011 ◽  
pp. 272-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Ellen Cheney Mann
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Systems Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Organizational Resources ◽  
Traditional Definition ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Is Projects

Runaway projects have been a problem in information systems (IS) for quite some time. In 1988, KPMG found that 35% of their largest clients currently had a runaway project, and in 1991 the percentage of firms increased to 60%. Plus, over 50% of the respondents considered this to be normal (Rothfeder, 1988; Cringely, 1994). The traditional definition of a runaway is any project that grossly exceeds budget and time targets but yet has failed to produce an acceptable deliverable. Given that each runaway project is a dysfunctional use of organizational resources, it is important for practitioners to be able to identify them early and react appropriately. On the other hand, this case will help practitioners realize that the issues within runaway projects are complex and difficult. The case could be used in MIS courses for non-IS majors, systems analysis and project management classes for IS majors or EDP auditing courses in accounting.

Conversion in English: homonymy, polysemy and paronymy

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
SALVADOR VALERA ◽  
ALBA E. RUZ
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Special Relevance

Conversion is a key type of word-formation process in English, but the precise nature of the relation between base and derivative in conversion is rarely discussed, even if conversion is considered as a dynamic process. When it is considered explicitly, the relation has been described in terms of paradigmatic relations between lexemes, specifically homonymy or polysemy. This is usually without any specification of how converted words accommodate the conditions set by the definition of each of these relations, and as a special type of one or the other, because conversion-related words violate some of those conditions. This article is intended as a systematic review of the literature that discusses the relation between conversion-related words in English. We show that a wide range of proposals have been made to describe the relation: homonymy, heterosemy, homomorphy, zero-derivation (as a relation), polysemy, lexical extension, synsemy, hyponymy and paronymy. We review the extent to which each of these terms fits the relationship in major types of conversion, and argue that, if a relationship is to be described between conversion-related pairs, then Cruse's (1986) separation of semantic relations of a paradigmatic type from paronymic relations is of special relevance here. We propose that, regardless of the direction and type of meaning, paronymy applies across the various specific semantic patterns that conversion may involve. We emphasize, however, the possibility of several relations according to the type of conversion, i.e. different types of conversion may need description in terms of a different relation.

Heteronormative love makes a house a home

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mie Hiramoto ◽  
Cherise Shi Ling Teo
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Family Policies ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Human Models ◽  
Patriarchal Ideology ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Government ◽  
Definition Of

This study investigates how luxury apartment housing advertisements in Singapore function as meaning-generating institutions through visual and textual discourse. Advertisements are designed to ascribe a set of attitudes, values, and preoccupations to a group and to imbue their audiences with the idea that they belong to that group. Human models in advertisements represent idealized people and lifestyles, displaying aspirational images of men and women as consumers of products. Under the influence of Confucian patriarchal ideology, the Singapore government has promoted a narrow, heteronormative definition of family in its pro-family policies since 1987. In the advertisements for two different types of luxury apartments — one regulated by the government and the other not — we see two different ways of engaging with pro-family policies that suggest what is expected from ideal members of society in Singapore.

Motivating factors applied in small and medium enterprises

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-49
Author(s):  
Olimpia Grabiec ◽  
Joanna Jędraszczyk-Kałwak
Keyword(s):  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
The Other ◽  
Motivating Factors ◽  
Motivational Systems ◽  
Theoretical Part ◽  
Self Study ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Intensive Work

This article presents a discussion of issues connected with motivating employees to work. It contains theoretical principles of psychology of motivation, as well as a self-study connected with the presented topic. The theoretical part of this article presents a detailed definition of motivation, the scope of interest of motivational psychology as well as different types of motivation drivers applied by managers. On the other hand, the empirical part presents results of the research related to motivational systems applied in Silesian enterprises. This article aimed at showing different ways of motivating employees of small and medium enterprises to work, as well as defining, which factors are, in their opinions, the most encouraging to intensive work, which can contribute to the development of motivational systems in enterprises.

Radar Usage and Speed in Fog

1951 ◽  
Vol 4 (02) ◽  
pp. 149-155
Author(s):  
E. M. Robb
Keyword(s):  
Precise Definition ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Road ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Full Discussion ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Made In

The use of radar in relation to the Rule of the Road at sea is a subject over which there is still a great deal of controversy. An examination of the main problems involved was made in this Journal (Vol. 3, No. 1, January 1950) by Captain F. J. Wylie who concluded in his paper that the use of radar might justify a more liberal interpretation of the term ‘moderate speed’ than has hitherto been countenanced; and a recent amendment to theKing's Regulations and Admiralty Instructionsclearly accepts the use of radar as an existing circumstance within the meaning of Article 16.No attempt, however, has so far been made to arrive at a precise definition of ‘moderate speed’, and it may well be that the reasons which prevented a definition being made in the non-radar case are in fact given more force when radar, with its added variables, is used. On the other hand it is unlikely that any progress in the matter can be made without a full discussion of the factors involved, and Captain Robb's paper, though it may be possible to dispute some of his conclusions, is presented here as an interesting attempt to achieve a definition which can serve as a guide to shipmasters.—Ed.

Immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in positively stained frozen sections

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-169
Author(s):  
K. T. Tokuyasu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
The Other ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
Frozen Sections ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ultrathin Frozen Sections ◽  
Definition Of

During the past investigations of immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in ultrathin frozen sections, we found that the degree of negative staining required to delineate u1trastructural details was often too dense for the recognition of ferritin particles. The quality of positive staining of ultrathin frozen sections, on the other hand, has generally been far inferior to that attainable in conventional plastic embedded sections, particularly in the definition of membranes. As we discussed before, a main cause of this difficulty seemed to be the vulnerability of frozen sections to the damaging effects of air-water surface tension at the time of drying of the sections.Indeed, we found that the quality of positive staining is greatly improved when positively stained frozen sections are protected against the effects of surface tension by embedding them in thin layers of mechanically stable materials at the time of drying (unpublished).

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