Family System and Family Functioning: Circumplex Model and FACES IV

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan E. Craddock
Keyword(s):  
Family Functioning ◽  
Family System ◽  
Circumplex Model ◽  
Faces Iv

scholarly journals FAMILY FUNCTIONING AND SELF-SILENCING OF STUDENTS

2017 ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Ivana Janković ◽  
Jelisaveta Todorović ◽  
Violeta Arnaudova
Keyword(s):  
Family Functioning ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Circumplex Model ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Faces Iv ◽  
Healthy Family ◽  
Intimate Relations ◽  
Leadership And Organization

Starting from the main hypothesis of the Circumplex Model that the balanced levels of cohesion and flexibility are the most appropriate for family functioning, and that unbalanced levels of cohesion and flexibility are related to problematic family functioning, in this paper we wanted to investigate in what way these dimensions of family functioning are related to self-silencing. In this model, cohesion is defined as an emotional relationship between family members, and flexibility is defined as a quality and expression of leadership and organization. Self-silencing is related to the cognitive schema of creating and maintaining intimate relations in a way that a person is passive, that he/she suppresses his/her feelings, opinion and actions in order to satisfy the needs of people close to them.The research was conducted on a sample of 250 Serbian and Macedonian students. The following instruments were used in this research: Silencing the Self Scale and FACES IV, which consists of three scales that measure Cohesion (Disengaged, Balanced Cohesion and Enmeshed), three scales that measure Flexibility (Rigid, Balanced Flexibility and Chaotic), Scale for the Assessment of Family Communication, which is defined as the skill of positive communication and it is considered to be a mitigating dimension and it helps families change their levels of cohesion and flexibility, and the Scale for the Assessment of Family Satisfaction.Self-silencing is in a positive correlation with unbalanced levels of cohesion, with disengaged family relations (r=.195, p=.002) and with enmeshed (entangled) family relations (r=.332, p=.000). Self-silencing is in a positive correlation with Unbalanced levels of flexibility, with rigid (r=.243, p=.000) and chaotic family relations (r=.217, p=.001).Balanced Cohesion, as the indicator of healthy family functioning, is related to a lower level of self-silencing of family members, that is, in such families the members can openly speak about their needs, feelings and opinions without fear that it would jeopardize the needs of other family members. The members of families with a very low or very high cohesion and flexibility conceal their needs and desires in order to satisfy the needs of other members.

scholarly journals Family emotional expressiveness and family structure

Psihologija ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-333
Author(s):  
Sonja Cotar-Konrad
Keyword(s):  
Family Functioning ◽  
Family Structure ◽  
Family Communication ◽  
Family Cohesion ◽  
Emotional Expressiveness ◽  
Circumplex Model ◽  
Family Counselling ◽  
Faces Iv ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Family Emotional Expressiveness

The present paper scrutinizes the relationship between family emotional expressiveness (i.e., the tendency to express dominant and/or submissive positive and negative emotions) and components of family structure as proposed in Olson?s Circumplex model (i.e., cohesion and flexibility, family communication, and satisfaction) in families with adolescents. The study was conducted on a sample of 514 Slovenian adolescents, who filled out two questionnaires: the Slovenian version of Family Emotional Expressiveness - FEQ and FACES IV. The results revealed that all four basic dimensions of family functioning were significantly associated with higher/more frequent expressions of positive submissive emotions, as well as with lower/less frequent expressions of negative dominant emotions. Moreover, expressions of negative submissive emotions explained a small, but significant amount of variance in three out of four family functioning variables (satisfaction, flexibility, and communication). The importance of particular aspects of emotional expressiveness for family cohesion, flexibility, communication, and satisfaction is discussed, and the relevance of present findings for family counselling is outlined.

scholarly journals PATTERNS OF FAMILY FUNCTIONING AS PREDICTORS OF PARENTING STYLE AMONG THE LEFT-BEHIND FAMILIES OF GULF MIGRANTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 540-547
Author(s):  
Shameer V ◽  
Joseph I. Injodey
Keyword(s):  
Family Functioning ◽  
Parenting Style ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Family Satisfaction ◽  
Circumplex Model ◽  
Authoritarian Parenting ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Faces Iv ◽  
Authoritative Parenting Style ◽  
Authoritarian Parenting Style

Understanding the family functioning of left-behind families of gulf migrants and how they relate to parenting style is critically important to social workers worldwide. The study examined the associations between family functioning patterns and mothers parenting styles among the left-behind families of gulf migrants. The circumplex model of family functioning put forwarded by David H. Olson served as the study’s theoretical framework. Family Adaptation and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (FACES IV) (Olson, FACES IV and the Circumplex Model: Validation Study, 2011) was used for testing family functioning, and the Parenting Style and Dimension Questionnaire (Robinson, Mandleco, Olson, & Hart, 2001) was used for testing the parenting style and its dimensions. The study’s main findings suggest that balanced cohesion and flexibility correlate with the authoritative parenting style. It also revealed that the authoritarian parenting style correlates negatively with all the functional family functioning patterns: balanced cohesion and flexibility. Authoritarian parenting style correlates positively with all the dysfunctional patterns of family functioning also. While, permissive parenting style correlates positively only with balanced cohesion, disengaged, enmeshed, family communication, and family satisfaction dimension of family functioning. This benchmark study offers family social work practitioners information to assist families and contribute to family social policies. KEYWORDS: family functioning, parenting style, left-behind families.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic Characteristics as Determinants of Family Dynamics and Engagement in the Palayamanan System Approach among Agtas in Bicol

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 5537-5559
Author(s):  
Jailyn N. Puerto ◽  
Marison R. Dy ◽  
Jacqueline Lee O. Canilao ◽  
Melissa P. Ferido ◽  
Benjamina Paula G. Flor
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
System Approach ◽  
Family Dynamics ◽  
Family System ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Faces Iv ◽  
The Family ◽  
Toma De Decisiones ◽  
Farming Families

Agtas are one of the Indigenous Peoples (IPs) residing in the mountainous parts of Luzon and some can be found in the Bicol Region. They are still dependent on agriculture in order to generate income and sustain their basic needs. Agta farming families are said to be already engaging in the Palayamanan System Approach (PSA), but their knowledge and skills still need to be enhanced to fully maximize the benefits that they can gain from the said approach. The study aimed to analyze the family dynamics structure among farming family systems of Agta Indigenous Peoples in Bicol. It also evaluated how family dynamics affect farm decision-making among Agta farming households. The family dynamics of the Agta farming families was assessed through the FACES IV (Olson, 2011). Results showed that there was unbalanced cohesion and unbalanced adaptability levels within the family system. On the other hand, communication and satisfaction were high. Gender and educational attainment showed a strong correlation to family cohesion and engagement in the PSA, respectively, therefore, both factors could be considered for effective development interventions to take place. Overall, the Agta communities' geographical condition, culture and beliefs, sources of information have affected their way of living, farm practices, and farm-decision making. There have been very limited studies regarding indigenous people and communities in the Philippines. Thus, this study would serve as an entry point to further understand them and would guide in the formulation of appropriate strategies that will help improve and enhance their lives.     Los agtas son uno de los pueblos indígenas (PI) que residen en las zonas montañosas de Luzón y algunos se encuentran en la región de Bicol. Siguen dependiendo de la agricultura para generar ingresos y satisfacer sus necesidades básicas. Se dice que las familias agricultoras de Agta ya participan en el enfoque del sistema Palayamanan (PSA), pero sus conocimientos y habilidades aún deben mejorarse para maximizar los beneficios que pueden obtener de dicho enfoque. El estudio tenía como objetivo analizar la estructura de la dinámica familiar entre los sistemas familiares agrícolas de los pueblos indígenas Agta en Bicol. También se evaluó cómo la dinámica familiar afecta a la toma de decisiones agrícolas entre los hogares agrícolas Agta. La dinámica familiar de las familias agrícolas Agta se evaluó a través del FACES IV (Olson, 2011). Los resultados mostraron que había una cohesión desequilibrada y niveles de adaptabilidad desequilibrados dentro del sistema familiar. Por otro lado, la comunicación y la satisfacción eran altas. El género y el nivel educativo mostraron una fuerte correlación con la cohesión familiar y el compromiso con el APS, respectivamente, por lo tanto, ambos factores podrían ser considerados para que las intervenciones de desarrollo sean efectivas. En general, la condición geográfica, la cultura y las creencias de las comunidades Agta, así como las fuentes de información, han afectado a su modo de vida, a sus prácticas agrícolas y a la toma de decisiones agrícolas. Los estudios sobre los pueblos y comunidades indígenas en Filipinas son muy limitados. Por lo tanto, este estudio servirá como punto de entrada para comprenderlos mejor y guiará en la formulación de estrategias apropiadas que ayudarán a mejorar y potenciar sus vidas.

scholarly journals Digital leisure and perceived family functioning in youth of upper Secondary Education

Comunicar ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (50) ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
María-Ángeles Valdemoros-San-Emeterio ◽  
Eva Sanz-Arazuri ◽  
Ana Ponce-de-León-Elizondo
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Young People ◽  
Family Functioning ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Family Interactions ◽  
Redes Sociales ◽  
Faces Iv ◽  
Funcionamiento Familiar ◽  
The Relationship

The «Network Society» is identified by accelerated changes that occur between real and virtual worlds. The progress of digital devices has generated a new model of leisure that it has conditioned family interactions. The aim of this research was to identify the relationship between digital leisure experiences and perceived family functioning in post-compulsory secondary education Spanish students. The sample was composed of 1,764 Spanish young people 15-18 years old; all of them were post-compulsory secondary education students. Students’ digital leisure activities were measured by an opening question by which they indicated the three most important leisure activities for them, and family functioning was measured by the answers from the Spanish adaptation for FACES IV questionnaire (Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale). A descriptive analysis about digital leisure activities of young people was used. The family functioning coefficient of each subject was determined and, finally, the relationship between students’ family functioning perceived and students’ digital leisure practices assessed by a factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA). Young people give importance to digital leisure activities, highlighting social network participation, playing videogames and browsing the Internet. Cohesion, flexibility and family functioning are healthier when children don´t point to any digital activity into their preferred leisure practices. The results suggest that new research should be conducted to confirm whether this negative association between family functioning and digital leisure is causal or due to other factors. La «Sociedad Red» se identifica con acelerados cambios que se suceden entre el mundo real y el virtual. El progreso de dispositivos digitales ha generado un nuevo modelo de ocio que ha condicionado las interacciones familiares. El objetivo de esta investigación fue valorar la relación entre el funcionamiento familiar percibido por estudiantes españoles de educación secundaria postobligatoria y su práctica de ocio digital. La muestra ascendió a 1.764 estudiantes. El ocio digital se midió a partir de una pregunta abierta en la que debían señalar las tres actividades de ocio más importantes, y el funcionamiento familiar se valoró mediante la versión española del FACES IV (Escala de cohesión y adaptación familiar). Se realizó un análisis descriptivo sobre las actividades de ocio digital de los jóvenes, se determinó el coeficiente del funcionamiento familiar de cada sujeto y mediante análisis de varianza (ANOVA) de un factor se valoró la relación entre el funcionamiento familiar percibido por los estudiantes y las actividades de ocio digital practicadas por los mismos. Los jóvenes otorgan importancia a las actividades digitales de ocio, destacando la participación en redes sociales, jugar a videojuegos y navegar por Internet. La cohesión, la flexibilidad y el funcionamiento familiar gozan de mejor salud cuando los hijos no apuntan actividades digitales entre sus prácticas preferentes de ocio. Los resultados sugieren nuevas investigaciones que comprueben si esta asociación negativa entre funcionamiento familiar y ocio digital es causal o se debe a otros factores.

Together or apart? Labour migration and early maladaptive schemas of young adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (61) ◽  
pp. 57-74
Author(s):  
Adrianna Kaczuba
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Family Functioning ◽  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Labour Migration ◽  
Faces Iv ◽  
Polish Adaptation ◽  
Work Abroad ◽  
Maladaptive Beliefs ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of the present study was to analyze if parents’ labour migration experienced during childhood has long-lasting influence on people’s psychological functioning. It was verified whether family functioning defined as flexibility, cohesion, communication, and maladaptive beliefs was differentiated by the occurrenceof parents’ labuor migration. It was also tested if parents’ labour migration moderated the relationship between family functioning and maladaptive beliefs. The sample comprised 170 young adults (Mage = 21,81; SD = 2,99) including 94 people whose parents had migrated to work abroad, and 76 people whose parents had never left to work abroad. The study used the Polish adaptation of The Young Schema Questionnaire Short Form (YSQ-S3-PL) by Oettingen, Chodkiewicz, Mącik, and Gruszczyńska (2017), and an adaptation of the FACES-IV by Margasiński (2013). The results indicated that in eight of the tested models, the parents’ labour migration moderated the relationship between family functioning and maladaptive beliefs. The greatest susceptibility to the moderating effects of the indicated set of variables was observed in relation to the maladaptive schema of Defectiveness.

Mental Distress and Family Functioning in Bereaved Parents: Case Examples and Intervention Challenges

2006 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet A. Lohan ◽  
Shirley A. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Family Functioning ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Circumplex Model ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Bereaved Parents ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Adaptive Challenges ◽  
Intervention Planning ◽  
Over Time

Mental distress and family functioning are important adaptive challenges that affect bereaved parents differentially by gender. In this second of two articles, we provide insights into mental distress and family functioning and intervention challenges. The Olson Circumplex Model (Olson, 1985) was used to determine levels of family functioning for 30 couples with children living at home. Based on these results and mental distress scores, four couples were selected for in-depth analysis. Results showed that discrepancies within couples changed over time. It was concluded that both mental distress and family functioning should be addressed jointly in intervention planning.

Construct Validity of the Circumplex Model of Family Functioning

1991 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 131-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
James G. Daley ◽  
Karen M. Sowers-Hoag ◽  
Bruce A. Thyer
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Family Functioning ◽  
Circumplex Model

scholarly journals The Process Model of Family Functioning

1984 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.D. Steinhauer ◽  
J. Santa-Barbara ◽  
H. Skinner
Keyword(s):  
Family Functioning ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Family System ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Family Process ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
System A ◽  
The Family ◽  
Critical Aspects

The Process Model of Family Functioning differs from the McMaster Model of Family Functioning and their common source, the Family Categories Schema, by its increased emphasis on the dynamic interaction between the major dimensions of family functioning, and by its stress on the interface between intrapsychic subsystems and the interpersonal dimensions of the family system. A model of family process rather than family structure, it defines six universal criteria of family functioning. It describes the processes involved in each along with the content components and the critical aspects of each. A self-report test developed from the model (FAM-III) is being widely used both as a research tool and as a clinical adjunct. Tests to define its validity and reliability continue.

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