A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON THE INTERNAL ADMINISTRATION OF CHITRAKA AS AN INGREDIENT MENTIONED IN CLASSICAL TEXTS OF AYURVEDA

The Healer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 15-48
Author(s):  
Sariga K S ◽  
Chetan K Kamble ◽  
Rabinarayan Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Comprehensive Review

Background: Chitraka is one of the well-known drug of Ayurveda Pharmacopoeia and is popular for its Deepana-Pachana properties. It is commonly used for the diseases of gastrointestinal tract where there is an impairment of digestive fire. The drug Chitraka is used as ingredient of many formulations which are used internally, externally for therapeutic purposes or as used as a media for purification of certain mineral drugs in Ayurveda. Aim: Review and documentation of indication of Chitraka as an ingredient for internal administration from various Ayurveda books. Materials and methods: Review was carried out from 50 Ayurveda texts which includes Samhitas, Chikitsa grantas and Rasa Grantas. Results: In available classical Ayurvedic compendia 2631 formulations were found containing Chitraka as an ingredient for internal administration. These formulations are available in 37 dosage forms, among which maximum are of Churna form followed by Vati, Ghrita, Kwatha, Avaleha etc. Chitraka containing formulations are found indicated in the treatment of more than 130 disorders, out of which maximum are indicated in Arsa, Jwara and Kushtha. The maximum formulations are found in Anna-Purishavaha Srotasa. Conclusion: Chitraka is used in 2631 formulations being prepared in 37 dosage forms and is being indicated in more than 130 disease conditions.  Outcomes of the present review may provide ideas for more research on finding out inclusion of Chitraka in many formulations.     Materials and methods: Review was carried out from 50 Ayurveda texts which includes Samhitas, Chikitsa grantas and Rasa Grantas. Results: In available classical Ayurvedic compendia 2631 formulations were found containing Chitraka as an ingredient for internal administration. These formulations are available in 37 dosage forms, among which maximum are of Churna form followed by Vati, Ghrita, Kwatha, Avaleha etc. Chitraka containing formulations are found indicated in the treatment of more than 130 disorders, out of which maximum are indicated in Arsa, Jwara and Kushtha. The maximum formulations are found in Anna-Purishavaha Srotasa.  Conclusion: Chitraka is used in 2631 formulations being prepared in 37 dosage forms and is being indicated in more than 130 disease conditions.  Outcomes of the present review may provide ideas for more research on finding out inclusion of Chitraka in many formulations.

A Comprehensive Review on Pellets as a Dosage Form in Pharmaceuticals

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shailesh Thirumaleshwar ◽  
Maithri Shanbhogue H. ◽  
Gowrav Mysore Prakash ◽  
Hemanth Kumar Somareddy ◽  
Gangadharappa Hosahalli Veerabhadrappa
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Sustained Release ◽  
Patient Compliance ◽  
Single Unit ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Pellet Formation

Abstract: Oral route of administration is widely accepted and desired because of its versatility, convenience, and most importantly patient compliance. Multiparticulate systems like granules and pellets are more advantageous when compared to single-unit dosage forms, as they are capable to distribute the drug more evenly in the gastrointestinal tract. The current paper focuses on pellets, the merits and demerits associated, various pelletization techniques, and its characterization. It also focuses on how pellets can be employed for drug delivery in controlled and sustained release formulations. It gives a com-plete emphasis on the drug and excipients that can be used in pellet formation, the marketed formulations, and the research pertaining to pellets.

A Comprehensive Review on the Therapeutic Versatility of Imidazo [2,1-b]thiazoles

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (40) ◽  
pp. 6864-6887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Adil Shareef ◽  
Irfan Khan ◽  
Bathini Nagendra Babu ◽  
Ahmed Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Medicinal Chemistry ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Thiazole Derivatives ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Derivatives Of

Background:: Imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole, a well-known fused five-membered hetrocycle is one of the most promising and versatile moieties in the area of medicinal chemistry. Derivatives of imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole have been investigated for the development of new derivatives that exhibit diverse pharmacological activities. This fused heterocycle is also a part of a number of therapeutic agents. Objective:: To review the extensive pharmacological activities of imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole derivatives and the new molecules developed between 2000-2018 and their usefulness. Method:: Thorough literature review of all relevant papers and patents was conducted. Conclusion:: The present review, covering a number of aspects, is expected to provide useful insights in the design of imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole-based compounds and would inspire the medicinal chemists for a comprehensive and target-oriented information to achieve a major breakthrough in the development of clinically viable candidates.

scholarly journals Schwannomas of Gastrointestinal Tract; a comprehensive review

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
BM Yashodhara ◽  
Htoo Htoo Kyaw Soe ◽  
Uduman Ali Mohamed Yousuf ◽  
Jaswant Singh
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Comprehensive Review

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Review of Infectious Granulomatous Diseases of the Gastrointestinal Tract

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Shivantha Amarnath ◽  
Liliane Deeb ◽  
Jobin Philipose ◽  
Xiaomin Zheng ◽  
Vivek Gumaste
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Hypersensitive Response ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Histological Findings ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Autoimmune Conditions ◽  
Granulomatous Diseases ◽  
Granulomatous Disorders

A granuloma is defined as a localized inflammatory reaction or a hypersensitive response to a nondegradable product leading to an organized collection of epithelioid histiocytes. Etiologies of granulomatous disorders can be divided into two broad categories: infectious and noninfectious (autoimmune conditions, toxins, etc.) causes. The endless list of causalities may prove challenging for gastroenterologists and pathologists to formulate a list of clearly defined differentials. This is true when distinguishing these etiologies based on various clinical presentations and endoscopic and histological findings. We aim to provide a comprehensive review of some of the frequent and rare infectious granulomatous diseases of the gastrointestinal tract documented in the literature to date. We provide an overview of each infectious pathology with an emphasis on epidemiology, clinical presentation, and endoscopic and histologic findings, in addition to treatment.

Therapeutic efficacy of Patha (Cissampelos pareiraLinn.) - A Review through classical texts of Ayurveda

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Suman G. Singh ◽  
K. Nishteswar ◽  
K. Nishteswar
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Malabsorption Syndrome ◽  
Urinary Disorders ◽  
Single Drug

Patha, botanically known as Cissampelos pareira Linn. (Family: Menispermaceae) is a perennial climbing herb/shrub profoundly used for treating different disease conditions since Vedic periods. The plant is highlighted for its use as a single drug in the treatment of disease conditions like Jwara (Fever), Kasa (Cough), Shwasa (Bronchitis), etc. The plant is also used as an ingredient of many compound formulations in classical texts of Ayurveda. In the present review, compound formulations of Patha are compiled from 9 different compendia and presented in a systematic manner. 342 compound formulations found in which Patha is one of the ingredients. Maximum number of formulations are found in Ashtang Samgraha (87) followed by Charaka Samhita (80) and the plant is being used in 18 different dosage forms and among these, Kwatha (113), Churna (88), Ghrita (45) are found in maximum numbers. Majority of the formulations are used internally (298) for the treatment of disease conditions like Atisara (Diarrhoea), Arsha (Haemorrhoids), Prameha (Urinary disorders), Jwara (Fever), Grahani (Malabsorption syndrome)etc.

scholarly journals Dry syrup: An overview

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (03) ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
M. Ola ◽  
R. Bhaskar ◽  
Priya Patil
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Drug Stability ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Oral Dosage ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Ich Guidelines ◽  
Reconstituted System ◽  
Oral Dosage Forms ◽  
High Bioavailability

The advantages of oral dosage form that are responsible for its popularity are its ease of administration, patient compliance and stability of formulation. The most popular oral dosage forms beings tablets and capsules, but one important drawback of the dosage forms however is the difficulty to swallow especially when a dosage form is developed for pediatric and geriatric patient. The modern scientific and technological advancement in the pharmaceutical field had created bank of interest in reconstitutable oral suspension dosage form in the recent year. The reconstituted system is the formulation of choice when the drug stability is a major concern. Reconstitutable oral systems show the adequate chemical stability of the drug during shelf life and also reduce the weight of the final product. Dry syrup form of the drug is also useful in case of bioavailability as it has high bioavailability rather than tablets and capsules as it disintegrates in water outside of the oral cavity and directly the suspension is gone through the gastrointestinal tract. So the suspension easily absorbs in the GIT. The present review gives an account of the excipients used, methods of preparation of dry syrups along with their evaluations, their packaging, ICH guidelines.

Therapeutic Potential of Cinnoline Core: A Comprehensive Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-218
Author(s):  
Rajiv K. Tonk ◽  
Sandhya Bawa ◽  
Deepak Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family ◽  
Almost All

Cinnoline or Benzo-pyridazine has its place in the family of fairly well-known benzfuseddiazine heterocycles. Because of its natural occurrence and synthetic exploration, cinnoline compounds validated its thought-provoking bioactivity through a number of research publications and patents during last few decades. A creative consideration has been rewarded to the synthesis of cinnoline based heterocyclic compounds, mostly due to their wide range of diverse pharmacological activities. The present review covers the principle approaches to the synthesis of cinnoline nucleus and almost all biological properties of 115 cinnoline derivatives reported during the last 65 years from natural and synthetic origin with 140 references.

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