Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori cagA and vacA Genes and Their Correlation with Gastrointestinal Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol EJMM29 (4) ◽  
pp. 151-156
Author(s):  
Amr M. El-Sabbagh ◽  
Ahmed H. Yassen ◽  
Maha M abdelsalam
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Gastroduodenal Disease ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Cytotoxin Associated Gene A ◽  
Gastrointestinal Illnesses ◽  
Clinical Illness ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Variant Genes

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a gram-negative bacterium, producing gastric ulcer, mild to severe gastritis, gastric carcinoma and lymphoma to the gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue through many virulence influences. Among the virulence factors identified; vacuolating cytotoxin A (vacA) and cytotoxin-associated gene A (cagA) play an important role. Objective: In this study, we try to discover the relation between vacA variant and cagA genes with the clinical illness occurring in H. pylori patients Methodology: One hundred and forty patients were included in our study. Dual biopsy samples were taken from the stomach; one was examined by the urease test, and the other one was stored at −80°C for DNA extraction followed by PCR. The existence of H. pylori in the tissue was recognized by the existence of glmM gene and its detection by PCR. All the positive samples were additionally tested by PCR for the occurrence of cagA and vacA variant genes. Results: Our study demonstrated that cagA and vacA genes were found among 50% and 57% respectively of H. pylori patients complaining from gastrointestinal illnesses and that vacA s1/s2 was the main genotype found in H. pylori persons with gastroduodenal disease. Significant relation between vacA s1 gene and cagA gene was found. Conclusion: vacA s1 genotype has a vital role in upper gastrointestinal illnesses progress.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance and Genotypes of Helicobacter pylori Strains in Patients with Gastroduodenal Disease in Southeast Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Korona-Glowniak ◽  
Halina Cichoz-Lach ◽  
Radoslaw Siwiec ◽  
Sylwia Andrzejczuk ◽  
Andrzej Glowniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Microbial Culture ◽  
Virulence Markers ◽  
Gastroduodenal Disease ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Gastric Biopsies ◽  
H Pylori

The aim of this study was to investigate genetic diversity of Helicobacter pylori virulence markers to predict clinical outcome as well as to determine an antibiotic susceptibility of H. pylori strains in Poland. Gastric biopsies from 132 patients with gastrointestinal disorders were tested for presence of H. pylori with the use of rapid urease test, microbial culture, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection. The genetic diversity of 62 H. pylori positive samples was evaluated by detection of cagA and PCR-typing of vacA and iceA virulence-associated genes. Most common H. pylori genotypes were cagA(+)vacAs1m2 (27.4%) and cagA(−)vacAs2m2 (24.2%). In logistic regression analysis, we recognized the subsequent significant associations: gastritis with ureC, i.e., H. pylori infection (p = 0.006), BMI index (p = 0.032); and negatively with iceA1 (p = 0.049) and peptic ulcer with cagA (p = 0.018). Thirty-five H. pylori strains were cultured and tested by E-test method showing that 49% of strains were resistant to at least one of the tested antibiotics. This is the first study that reports the high incidence and diversity of allelic combination of virulence genes in gastroduodenitis patients in Poland. Genotyping of H. pylori strains confirmed the involvement of cagA gene and vacAs1m1 genotype in development and severity of gastric disorder.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori vacA, cagA, cagE1, cagE2, dupA and oipA Genotypes in Patients With Gastrointestinal Diseases

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Masoumi Asl ◽  
Ali Badamchi ◽  
Shima Javadinia ◽  
Siamak Khaleghi ◽  
Leila Tehraninia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Cancer Group ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Vaca Gene ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Gastroenterology Unit

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a bacterium that resides in the human stomach, which is associated with gastroduodenal diseases. We investigate the prevalence of cagA, vacA, oipA, cagE1, cagE2 and dupA genotypes in H. pylori isolated from patients with Gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, and Gastric Cancer. Collected 74 samples from the Gastroenterology Unit of the Rasool Akram Hospital were included in this study. Gastric disorders were identified by endoscopy .gastric cancer was further confirmed by histopathology. H. pylori were detected by the urease test. Subsequently, DNA was extracted from gastric tissue of the subjects with the CLO-test yielded positive results. In general, 74 patients with a mean age of 53.45 years (Range 22 to 86-year-old), including 45 men and 29 women, were studied. Among 74 H. pylori-positive patients, 70 (94.5%) patients were positive for the cagA gene. About 95.8% (23/24) of the patients with gastric carcinoma were dupA positive and VacA gene (91.8%). The oipA genotype was detected in 71 (96%) of H.pylori positive samples. This gene was more common in patients with gastritis rather than cancer group. Also, 97.2% of 74 H. pylori isolates were cagE2-positive. In 25 patients with PUD, the occurrence percent of cagA+/VacA+, cagA+/Vac- , cagA- /VacA+ and cagA- /VaxA- genotypes were found 80%, 12%, 4.2% and 4.2 respectively. The results of the present study suggest that a high prevalence of virulent factors could contribute to the risk of developing gastroduodenal diseases.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori cagA and iceA Genes and Their Association with Gastrointestinal Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwak M. F. Abu-Taleb ◽  
Randa S. Abdelattef ◽  
Amina A. Abdel-Hady ◽  
Farida H. Omran ◽  
Lobna A. El-korashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Cytotoxin Associated Gene A ◽  
Gastric Biopsies ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
The Relationship

H. pylori infection causes peptic ulcer, chronic gastritis, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, and gastric carcinoma. It has several virulence factors such as cytotoxin-associated gene A(cagA) and the induced by contact with epithelium antigen (iceA). We aimed to explore the relationship between cagA and iceA of H. pylori and gastrointestinal diseases. One hundred and eighteen patients who attended Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit at Zagazig University Hospitals, Egypt, were included in this study. Two gastric biopsies were collected and evaluated by rapid urease test (RUT) and PCR. cagA and iceA genes were amplified by PCR. We found that 54 patients (45.76%) were positive by both RUT and PCR. cagA and iceA genes were present in 57.4% and 46.29% of the studied patients, respectively. cagA was the most prevalent gene in gastritis (33.3%) and peptic ulcer (68.7%). iceA1/iceA2 positive genes were the most prevalent in gastric cancer (75%). iceA1 gene was present in 38.7% of cagA positive cases, but iceA2 gene was present in 45.2% of cagA positive cases. iceA1/iceA2 positive genes were present in 29% of cagA positive cases. In conclusion, cagA and iceA genes could be used as markers for severe gastrointestinal diseases. iceA gene was strongly related to cagA gene.

scholarly journals Genotyping of Helicobacter pylori Virulence Genes cagA and vacA: Regional and National Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Rania M. Kishk ◽  
Nashaat M. Soliman ◽  
Maha M. Anani ◽  
Nader Nemr ◽  
Ayman Salem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
National Study ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Cytotoxin Associated Gene A ◽  
H Pylori

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. The presence of pathogenicity islands (PAI) genes contributes to the pathogenesis of many gastrointestinal disorders. Cytotoxin-associated gene A (cagA) and vacuolating cytotoxin gene (vacA) are the most known virulence genes in H. pylori. So, our aim was to study H. pylori virulence genes’ role in gastric disorders pathogenesis. Our study included 150 adult patients who suffered dyspeptic symptoms and were referred to the GIT endoscopy unit. Gastric biopsies were attained for rapid urease test (RUT) and histopathological examination, and multiplex PCR technique for detection of virulence genes was performed. It was found that 100 specimens were (RUT) positive, of which sixty samples (60%) were PCR positive for H. pylori ureC gene. The vacA and cagA genes were identified in 61.6% and 53% of H. pylori strains, respectively. Only 5 cases were vacA-positive and cagA-negative. The most virulent vacA s1 allele existed in 56.6% of cases. Out of the 60 H. pylori strains, 66% had at least one virulence gene and 34% did not show any virulence gene. H. pylori infection showed significant increase with age. H. pylori are prevalent amid dyspeptic patients in our region. The main genotype combinations were vacA+/cagA+ of s1m1 genotype and they were frequently associated with peptic ulcer diseases, gastritis, and gastroesophageal reflux disease.

scholarly journals Use of a Gastric Juice-Based PCR Assay To DetectHelicobacter pylori Infection in Culture-Negative Patients

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 317-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruhiko Yoshida ◽  
Katsutaro Hirota ◽  
Yasushi Shiratori ◽  
Takeshi Nihei ◽  
Shin Amano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Gastric Juice ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Gastroduodenal Disease ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Conventional Tests ◽  
Conventional Test ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Culture Negative

A gastric juice-based PCR assay was compared with culture, microscopy, and a rapid urease test with specimens from 114 subjects. The PCR and conventional tests were positive for 76 and 62% of the subjects, respectively. The prevalence of gastroduodenal disease and seropositivity for anti-Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin G were similarly high among conventional-test-positive and PCR-only-positive subjects compared to all-negative ones. The PCR assay is recommended to confirm the H. pylori status of culture-negative peptic-ulcer patients.

scholarly journals What is the Relationship Between Helicobacter Pylori CagA Genotypes and Gastrointestinal Diseases in the Iranian Population? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Keikha ◽  
Mohsen Karbalaei
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Iranian Population ◽  
Cancer Disease ◽  
Gastrointestinal Complications ◽  
Cytotoxin Associated Gene A ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of the most well-known risk factors for getting the gastric cancer disease. In recent studies, the relationship between its virulence factors, specially CagA (cytotoxin‐associated gene A) toxin and development into the gastrointestinal diseases is taken into consideration. According to review of literature, despite the presence of four motifs A, B, C, and D in CagA toxin, two motifs C and D are more associated with gastrointestinal complications in patients who are infected by H. pylori. Methods: In the present study, we researched about theses ambiguities using a comprehensive meta-analysis study. In this study, we assessed the information of 1762 Iranian patients for potential relationship between all genotypes of cagA gene and gastrointestinal diseases.Results: According to statistical analysis, the abundance of cagA genotypes AB, ABC, ABCC, ABCCC, and ABD in Iranian population is 5.52%, 80.18%, 22.81%, 2.76%, and 0% respectively. In addition, it was determined that there is a significant relationship between cagA genotypes ABCC and ABCCC on the one hand and cagA genotype ABCCC on the other hand with susceptibility to chronic gastritis and gastric cancer respectively.Conclusions: Overall, it can be concluded that the higher number of EPIYA-C copy numbers lead to the higher risk of gastric cancer. According to our results, it seems that the presence of EPIYA-ABCCC motif in strains of H. pylori should be considered as an appropriate marker in preventing the gastric cancer among the Iranian population.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori Genotypes and Their Association with Upper Gastrointestinal Diseases: A Cross Sectional Study in Southern Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahim Raufi ◽  
Reza Shahriarirad ◽  
SeyedehMaryam Pishva ◽  
Nikta Taghipour
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Hiatal Hernia ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Southern Iran ◽  
Normal Esophagus ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
H Pylori

Abstract Background: Investigating the prevalence of vacuolating cytotoxin (vacA), cytotoxin associated gene A (cagA), glm M genotypes, and subtypes of vacA of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) isolate in Jahrom, Southern Iran.Methods: DNA extracted from H. pylori samples retrieved from gastric biopsy isolated from 113 dyspeptic patients with positive rapid urease test (RUT). Genotyping was done by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, using primers for vacA (s1a, s1b, s1c, s1, s2, m2, and m1), cagA, and glmM. Endoscopy was done for all the patients to screen gastrointestinal (GI) pathologies. Results: GlmM was detected in 100% of the cases. VacA subtypes s1am2, s2m2, s1am1, s1b, and s1c were detected in 27.9%, 25.6%, 22.1%, 3.5% and 2.4% of the isolates, respectively, while cagA was detected in 60.5% of the isolates. VacA alleles m1, s1, and s2 were detected in 54%, 50%, and 44% of isolates, respectively. Also, 60.5% of the isolates were cagA-vacA-positive. A significant correlation was observed between vacAs1bm1 and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and glmM positive isolates had normal esophagus. The presence of vacAs1bm1 and vacAs1bm2 has a significant association with gastric erythema. The presence of cagA showed a significant association with normal esophagus and hiatal hernia.Conclusion: In our research, the number of glmM and cagA positive isolates is higher among other genotypes, and cagA is correlated with hiatal hernia, and normal esophageal finding is correlated with glmM genotype. There was no association between the age or sex of the patients and bacterial genotype.

scholarly journals Campylobacter jejuni Cytolethal Distending Toxin C Exploits Lipid Rafts to Mitigate Helicobacter pylori-Induced Pathogenesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Yin Yeh ◽  
Hwai-Jeng Lin ◽  
Chia-Jung Kuo ◽  
Chun-Lung Feng ◽  
Chia-Huei Chou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Lipid Rafts ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Nuclear Factor Kappa B ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Cytolethal Distending Toxin ◽  
Vacuolating Cytotoxin ◽  
Cytotoxin Associated Gene A ◽  
H Pylori

Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with several gastrointestinal diseases, including gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma. Two major cytotoxins, vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA) and cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA), interact closely with lipid rafts, contributing to H. pylori-associated disease progression. The Campylobacter jejuni cytolethal distending toxin consists of three subunits: CdtA, CdtB, and CdtC. Among them, CdtA and CdtC bind to membrane lipid rafts, which is crucial for CdtB entry into cells. In this study, we employed recombinant CdtC (rCdtC) to antagonize the functions of H. pylori cytotoxin in cells. Our results showed that rCdtC alleviates cell vacuolation induced by H. pylori VacA. Furthermore, rCdtC reduces H. pylori CagA translocation, which decreases nuclear factor kappa-B activation and interleukin-8 production, resulting in the mitigation of gastric epithelial cell inflammation. These results reveal that CdtC hijacks cholesterol to compete for H. pylori cytotoxin actions via lipid rafts, ameliorating H. pylori-induced pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori Genotypes and Their Association With Upper Gastrointestinal Diseases: a Cross Sectional Study in Southern Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahim Raufi ◽  
Reza Shahriarirad ◽  
SeyedehMaryam Pishva ◽  
Nikta Taghipour
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Hiatal Hernia ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Southern Iran ◽  
Normal Esophagus ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Abstract Background: Investigating the prevalence of vacuolating cytotoxin (vacA), cytotoxin associated gene A (cagA), glm M genotypes, and subtypes of vacA of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) isolate in Jahrom, Southern Iran. DNA extracted from H. pylori samples retrieved from gastric biopsy isolated from 113 dyspeptic patients with positive rapid urease test (RUT). Genotyping was done by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, using primers for vacA (s1a, s1b, s1c, s1, s2, m2, and m1), cagA, and glmM. Endoscopy was done for all the patients to screen upper gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. Results: GlmM was detected in 100% of the cases. VacA subtypes s1am2, s2m2, s1a, s1b, and s1c were detected in 27.9%, 25.6%, 50%, 3.5% and 2.4% of the isolates, respectively, while cagA was detected in 60.5% of the isolates. VacA alleles m1, s1, and s2 were detected in 54%, 50%, and 44% of isolates respectively. Also, 60.5% of the isolates were cagA-vacA-positive. A significant correlation was observed between vacAs1bm1 and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and glmM and normal esophagus. The presence of vacAs1bm1 and vacAs1bm2 has a significant association with gastric erythema. The presence of cagA showed a significant association with normal esophagus and hiatal hernia.Conclusions: In our research, the number of glmM and cagA positive isolates is higher among other genotypes and cagA is correlated with hiatal hernia, and normal esophageal finding is correlated with glmM genotype. There was no association between age or sex of the patients and bacterial genotype.

scholarly journals Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Risk Factors of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gokben Ozbey ◽  
Alfizah Hanafiah
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Stool Antigen Test ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
H Pylori

ABSTRACT H. pylori infection is a global public health problem associated with some gastrointestinal diseases in children, especially in developing countries, since prevalence of H. pylori is low in the developed world. Both noninvasive (stool antigen test, urea breath test, and blood test) and invasive (histology, rapid urease test, and microbiological culture) tests have been utilized to detect H. pylori infection. However, a single test is not reliable enough and does not provide accurate enough data to determine H. pylori infection among children. Risk factors of H. pylori infection in children were related to ethnicities, household properties, geographic location, living conditions, water sources, type of housing, presence/absence of sewage systems, and garbage collection within the living environment. These risk factors were usually associated with the socioeconomic status of the family. This review article aims to determine the gaps in the knowledge of the epidemiology, risk factors, and diagnostic tests of H. pylori infection among children. How to cite this article Ozbey G, Hanafiah A. Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Risk Factors of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Children. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2017;7(1):34-39.

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