scholarly journals Genotyping of Helicobacter pylori Virulence Genes cagA and vacA: Regional and National Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Rania M. Kishk ◽  
Nashaat M. Soliman ◽  
Maha M. Anani ◽  
Nader Nemr ◽  
Ayman Salem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
National Study ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Cytotoxin Associated Gene A ◽  
H Pylori

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. The presence of pathogenicity islands (PAI) genes contributes to the pathogenesis of many gastrointestinal disorders. Cytotoxin-associated gene A (cagA) and vacuolating cytotoxin gene (vacA) are the most known virulence genes in H. pylori. So, our aim was to study H. pylori virulence genes’ role in gastric disorders pathogenesis. Our study included 150 adult patients who suffered dyspeptic symptoms and were referred to the GIT endoscopy unit. Gastric biopsies were attained for rapid urease test (RUT) and histopathological examination, and multiplex PCR technique for detection of virulence genes was performed. It was found that 100 specimens were (RUT) positive, of which sixty samples (60%) were PCR positive for H. pylori ureC gene. The vacA and cagA genes were identified in 61.6% and 53% of H. pylori strains, respectively. Only 5 cases were vacA-positive and cagA-negative. The most virulent vacA s1 allele existed in 56.6% of cases. Out of the 60 H. pylori strains, 66% had at least one virulence gene and 34% did not show any virulence gene. H. pylori infection showed significant increase with age. H. pylori are prevalent amid dyspeptic patients in our region. The main genotype combinations were vacA+/cagA+ of s1m1 genotype and they were frequently associated with peptic ulcer diseases, gastritis, and gastroesophageal reflux disease.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in patients with peptic ulcer disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1315
Author(s):  
Mrutyunjay I. Uppin ◽  
Kapildev K. Hannurkar
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Peptic Ulcer Disease ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Duodenal Ulcers ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Background: Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) emerges throughout the world and instigates peptic ulcer disease (PUD). The study was conducted with the aim to determine the prevalence of H. pylori in patients with PUD undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.Methods: This prospective study was conducted on 150 cases of PUD from August 2009 to February 2011. Endoscopy was done in all cases. Biopsy was done and sent for histopathological examination and rapid urease test for confirmation of presence of H. pylori.Results: Out of 150 patients with mean age of 45.76 years, 109 patients were diagnosed to have been infected with Helicobacter pylori (72.66%). Out of 89 patients with gastric ulcer, 61 patients were infected with Helicobacter pylori (68.53%). Forty two out of 51 patients (82.35%) with duodenal ulcers and 06 of 10 patients (60%) with carcinoma of stomach were positive for H. pylori. The remaining patients were found to be negative for the H. pylori infection.Conclusions: The findings of the study conclude that H. pylori was consistently associated with PUD.

scholarly journals Virulence genes of Helicobacter pylori in the Dominican Republic

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 1189-1196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiji Shiota ◽  
Modesto Cruz ◽  
José A. Jiménez Abreu ◽  
Takahiro Mitsui ◽  
Hideo Terao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Test Culture ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
The Status ◽  
H Pylori

Although the incidence of gastric cancer in the Dominican Republic is not high, the disease remains a significant health problem. We first conducted a detailed analysis of Helicobacter pylori status in the Dominican Republic. In total, 158 patients (103 females and 55 males; mean age 47.1±16.2 years) were recruited. The status of H. pylori infection was determined based on four tests: rapid urease test, culture test, histological test and immunohistochemistry. The status of cagA and vacA genotypes in H. pylori was examined using PCR and gene sequencing. The overall prevalence of H. pylori infection was 58.9 %. No relationship was found between the H. pylori infection rate and the age range of 17–91 years. Even in the youngest group (patients aged <29 years), the H. pylori infection rate was 62.5 %. Peptic ulcer was found in 23 patients and gastric cancer was found in one patient. The H. pylori infection rate in patients with peptic ulcer was significantly higher than that in patients with gastritis (82.6 versus 54.5 %, P<0.01). The cagA-positive/vacA s1m1 genotype was the most prevalent (43/64, 67.2 %). Compared with H. pylori-negative patients, H. pylori-positive patients showed more severe gastritis. Furthermore, the presence of cagA was related to the presence of more severe gastritis. All CagA-positive strains had Western-type CagA. In conclusion, we found that H. pylori infection is a risk factor for peptic ulcer in the Dominican Republic. Patients with cagA-positive H. pylori could be at higher risk for severe inflammation and atrophy.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori cagA and iceA Genes and Their Association with Gastrointestinal Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwak M. F. Abu-Taleb ◽  
Randa S. Abdelattef ◽  
Amina A. Abdel-Hady ◽  
Farida H. Omran ◽  
Lobna A. El-korashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Cytotoxin Associated Gene A ◽  
Gastric Biopsies ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
The Relationship

H. pylori infection causes peptic ulcer, chronic gastritis, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, and gastric carcinoma. It has several virulence factors such as cytotoxin-associated gene A(cagA) and the induced by contact with epithelium antigen (iceA). We aimed to explore the relationship between cagA and iceA of H. pylori and gastrointestinal diseases. One hundred and eighteen patients who attended Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit at Zagazig University Hospitals, Egypt, were included in this study. Two gastric biopsies were collected and evaluated by rapid urease test (RUT) and PCR. cagA and iceA genes were amplified by PCR. We found that 54 patients (45.76%) were positive by both RUT and PCR. cagA and iceA genes were present in 57.4% and 46.29% of the studied patients, respectively. cagA was the most prevalent gene in gastritis (33.3%) and peptic ulcer (68.7%). iceA1/iceA2 positive genes were the most prevalent in gastric cancer (75%). iceA1 gene was present in 38.7% of cagA positive cases, but iceA2 gene was present in 45.2% of cagA positive cases. iceA1/iceA2 positive genes were present in 29% of cagA positive cases. In conclusion, cagA and iceA genes could be used as markers for severe gastrointestinal diseases. iceA gene was strongly related to cagA gene.

scholarly journals Helicobacter pylori infection in diabetes mellitus patients with peptic ulcer disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Salma Khatun ◽  
Khandaker Shadia ◽  
Mafruha Mahmud ◽  
Sraboni Mazumder ◽  
Indrajit Kumar Dutta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Stool Antigen ◽  
H Pylori

Background and objectives: Helicobacter pylori infection is suspected to be associated with extra-gastrointestinal disorders such as diabetes mellitus (DM). It is still a subject of investigation whether H. pylori has a pathogenic role on DM or diabetic patients have an increased susceptibility to H. pylori infection. The aim of the present study was to find out the rate of H. pylori infection in individuals with and without DM. Materials and methods: The study was conducted on 72 diabetic and 19 non-diabetic adult individuals with dyspeptic symptoms attending the BIRDEM General Hospital for diagnostic endoscopy. All cases were tested for H. pylori stool antigen by rapid immunochromatographic test (ICT), urease production in biopsy samples by rapid urease test (RUT), and serum anti-H. pylori IgA and anti-CagA IgG antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Any case that had peptic ulcer/erosion and was positive for H. pylori stool antigen or rapid urease test (RUT) was defined as H. pylori positive case. Results: There was no significant (p=0.095) difference in H. pylori infection between diabetics and non-diabetics (68.1% vs 47.4%). Presence of ulcer and erosion were not significantly different among diabetics and non-diabetics. Anti-H. pylori IgA positivity rate in H. pylori positive diabetic and non-diabetic cases were 65.3% and 55.6% (p=0.575) respectively while anti-CagA IgG rate in those cases were 46.9% and 66.7% (p=0.276) respectively. Conclusion: The present study did not reveal any significant difference in H. pylori infection between individuals with and without DM having peptic ulcer/erosion. Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2020; 14(2): 27-32

scholarly journals Helicobacter pylori CagA seropositivity in adult Bangladeshi patients with peptic ulcer and erosion

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
Fahmida Rahman ◽  
Khandaker Shadia ◽  
Salma Khatun ◽  
Mafruha Mahmud ◽  
Indrajit Kumar Dutta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Urease Production ◽  
Stool Antigen ◽  
H Pylori

Background: CagA IgG antibody in sera might indicate presence of virulent Helicobacter pylori in patients with peptic ulcer disease. Present study was performed to find out the prevalence of CagA IgG antibody in patients with peptic ulcer/erosion. Methods: Any case that had peptic ulcer/erosion, plus positive for rapid urease test (RUT) or H. pylori stool antigen (HpSAg) or serum anti-H. pylori IgG/IgA were included in the study and named as H. pylori positive case. H. pylori positive cases were tested for CagA IgG antibody. Anti-H. pylori IgG, IgA and CagA IgG antibodies were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and stool antigen by rapid immunochromatographic test (ICT). Urease production in biopsy sample was detected by RUT. Results: Total 86 H. pylori positive patients were included in the study. Out of 86 patients, CagA IgG was positive in 34 (39.5%; 95% CI: 0.30,0.50) cases. CagA seropositivity rate in ulcer and erosion cases were 58.8% (95% CI: 0.36,0.78) and 34.8% (95% CI: 0.25,0.47) respectively. H. pylori stool antigen and IgA antibodies were positive in all (100%) CagA antibody positive ulcer cases while the rates were significantly less among the CagA antibody negative cases (42.8% and 28.6%; p<0.05). However, in CagA antibody positive erosion cases, the rates were not significantly different from CagA antibody negative cases. Conclusion: The study has demonstrated that the CagA positive strain is less prevalent in erosion than ulcer cases. Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2020; 14(1): 36-40

scholarly journals Association of Helicobacter Pylori Infection and Stomach Cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narayan Thapa ◽  
Kunda Bikram Shah ◽  
Bharat Bahadur Bhandari ◽  
Bhairab Kumar Hamal ◽  
Amar Shrestha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Stomach Cancer ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Diffuse Type ◽  
Surgical Department ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Carcinoma Stomach

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylori) as a primary etiological factor in carcinoma stomach. Associationof H. Pylori in gastric cancer has been documented to be in more than 50% of cases. In underdevelopedcountries, this association is shown to be much higher according to different studies.Methods: A prospective observational study of 40 consecutive cases of carcinoma stomach was under takenin surgical department of Shree Birendra hospital and Bir hospital, for a period of two years 2009 to 2011.Location and pathological types of the lesion were noted and all specimens were investigated to see presenceof helicobacter pylori by rapid urease test (RUT) and histological examination.Results: Out of 40 patients, helicobacter pylori positivity was seen in 27 (67.5%) cases by both rapid ureasetest and Histopathological examination (HPE). Regarding the pathological types, out of 26 intestinal type of castomach, 20 (76.92%) cases were positive for H. pylori infection, whereas out of 14 diffuse type of ca stomach,7(50%) cases were positive for H. pylori. In 29 cases of distal ca stomach, H. pylori positivity was seen in 22(75.86%) cases, whereas in rest of the 11 cases the lesion involved other part of the stomach, H. pylori positivitywas seen in 5(45.45%) cases.Conclusion: Helicobacter pylori infection is higher in prevalence in cases of stomach cancer. Its associationwith intestinal histological type of stomach cancer is more common than diffuse type. There is higher prevalenceof Helicobacter pylori infection in distal carcinoma. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/mjsbh.v12i2.12927

scholarly journals Helicobacter Pylori Eradication Therapy in both Erosive and Non-erosive Gastritis — A Prospective Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Mohammad Quamrul Hasan ◽  
MM Shahin-ul-Islam ◽  
Shahidul Hasan Mollick ◽  
Irin Perveen ◽  
ASMA Raihan
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Erosive Gastritis ◽  
Endoscopic Findings ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Gastric Malignancy ◽  
Better Than

Background: Infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a recognized cause of peptic ulcer and gastritis. Persistence of infection is a definite risk factor for gastric malignancy. Healing of gastritis after eradication of H. pylori reduces the risks of peptic ulcer disease and gastric malignancy. Objectives: To find out the relationship of H. pylori with erosive and nonerosive gastritis, the effect of anti-H. pylori therapy and to compare the effects of anti-H. pylori therapy between two types of gastritis. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was done in the Gastroenterology department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka from June 2008 to May 2009. One hundred eighty dyspeptic patients were enrolled for the study. Patients with gastritis diagnosed by endoscopy underwent rapid urease test (RUT). RUT positive patients were considered to have H. pylori infection and were treated with triple therapy (omeprazole, amoxycillin and metronidiazole) for 14 days. Treatment responses were assessed by clinical history and also by endoscopic biopsy and RUT. Results of endoscopic findings and RUT after treatment were compared with pretreatment status. Results: Seventy patients completed the treatment and finally could be assessed. Endoscopic findings of 70 patients revealed that 56 (80%) patients had erosive gastritis and 14 (20%) patients had nonerosive gastritis. After treatment, 47 (67.1%) lesions became normal, 16 (22.9%) remained erosive and 7 (10%) non-erosive as before. Out of 14 non-erosive diseases, 7 became normal, while out of 56 erosive diseases 40 became normal. The erosive group responded significantly better than the non-erosive group (c2=32.766, p<0.001). Fifty nine (84.3%) patients with gastritis showed negative urease test after treatment. Conclusion: Strong relation between H. pylori infection and gastritis was found. Majority were antral erosive gastritis. Erosive group responded better than non-erosive group. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jemc.v4i1.18063 J Enam Med Col 2014; 4(1): 15-20

scholarly journals Stool Antigen Test is Effective and Sensitive for Detecting Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Bangladeshi Peptic Ulcer Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afreen Sultana ◽  
Shakeel Ahmed ◽  
Ershad Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Abul Faisal MD. Nuruddin Chowdhury ◽  
Abul Kalam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Status Group ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Stool Antigen ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Over 40 Years

Aims: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the primary causative agent of peptic ulcer in multiple developing countries, including Bangladesh. This study was designed to investigate the diagnostic value of a rapid immunochromatography-based H. Pylori stool antigen (HpSAg) test to screen H. pylori infection in Bangladeshi population. Methodology and results: A total of 140 suspected peptic ulcer patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy at Chittagong Medical College and Hospital, Chattogram, Bangladesh, were included in the study. Histopathology, Rapid Urease Test (RUT), and Microscopic examination of the stained smears were conducted to define H. pylori positive cases. Later, stool antigen detection test was done in H. pylori positive status group, H. pylori negative status group, indeterminate status group, and healthy controls. Out of 140 peptic ulcer suspected patients, 75 (53.6%) patients were confirmed to have peptic ulcer or erosions. Although the proportion of antral erosion was 57.4% in patients who were below 40 years, the proportion decreased to 23.4% in patients over 40 years. Patients over 40 years were mostly suffering from Prepyloric erosion (42.9%). All peptic ulcer patients were also positive on histopathological analysis. However, micorscopic grading of curved bacilli and RUT found 93.3% (70/75) and 89.3% (67/75) patients positive, respectively. High sensitivity (95%), specificity (80%), and diagnostic accuracy (91%) scores for HpSAg assay was obtained in our study. Conclusions, significance and impact of studies: The HpSAg test, for a comparatively less sophisticated assay, can be efficient in detecting the presence of H. pylori pre-and post-therapy and provide more valid test results than other invasive test methods.

scholarly journals The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in perforated peptic ulcer disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1720
Author(s):  
Babar Rehmani ◽  
Priyank Pathak
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Peptic Ulcer Disease ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Peptic Ulcer Perforation ◽  
Mucosal Biopsy ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Ulcer Perforation ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
H Pylori

Background: Although the role of Helicobacter pylori infection in noncomplicated peptic ulcer disease has been definitively established, the precise relationship between the organism and ulcer complications is doubtful. Recurrent ulcer disease after peptic ulcer perforation mainly occurs in patients with H. pylori infection, which suggests that the microorganism plays an important role in this complication.Methods: This observational study was conducted in the Department of General Surgery, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences (HIMS), Swami Ram Nagar, Dehradun, over a period of January 2013 to December 2013 and included 75 subjects who underwent exploratory laparotomy for peptic ulcer perforation. The tests used for the diagnosis of H. pylori are mucosal biopsy at the time of surgery, Rapid urease test (RUT), Stool antigen test.Results: In this study, H. pylori infection was found to be present in 61% of these patients as detected by biopsy. There were 66 males and 9 females. Infection with H. pylori is almost universal in patients aged more than 70 years.Conclusions: In the Indian context patients presenting with perforation should be tested for infection with H. pylori utilizing a gastric antral mucosal biopsy taken at the time of operation for histological analysis and eradication therapy should be advised to all those who are found positive.

scholarly journals Helicobacter pylori among the cases of gastritis: a one year study at a tertiary care hospital of South India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 4294
Author(s):  
Ayathu V. S. Sai Mahesh ◽  
Shyam Sundar Tandri
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
One Year

Background: Gastritis is one of the commonest clinical conditions encountered by a physician. The most common cause is said to be infection with Helicobacter pylori. The present study was aimed to diagnose the prevalence of H. pylori infection among the cases of gastritis and its correlation with histopathological findings and associated rapid urease test.Methods: A one year prospective study at a tertiary care hospital was conducted and all cases of gastritis were included and socio demographic data, clinical complaints and duration were noted. Endoscopy was performed on all cases. Biopsy was performed histopathological examination with staining and graded by Houston-updated Sydney system. Rapid urease test was performed and findings noted.Results: 325 cases with 215 male and 110 female cases were included. 26.15% were in age group of more than 60 years and number of cases increased with age. Mean age of study participants was 39.12±2.8 years and heart burn was the common complaint in the study cases. 81.54% of the cases revealed endoscopic gastritis on endoscopy and hyperaemia was commonest. 83.69% were positive by rapid urease test. Rapid urease test is more sensitive than histological staining in confirmation of H. pylori infection.Conclusions: To conclude on the present study, the prevalence of H. pylori infection is on a global rise and appropriate measures to reduce the prevalence is quite an urgent necessity. Histopathological interpretation of gastric biopsies is a reliable indicator of H. pylori infection as well as gastritis grading according to the Sydney grading system.

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