scholarly journals Optimization of spring barley cultivation technology in the Chernozem region

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (46) ◽  
pp. 14-14
Author(s):  
Alexander Saakian ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Control Element ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Central Chernozem Region ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Central Chernozem

In the conditions of the Central Chernozem region of Russia, an optimized technology for growing spring barley of the "Vakula" P4 variety was tested. Optimization of the technology was carried out according to the weed control element in five variants, depending on the use of herbicides: Puma Super (farm technology), Ballerina super (optimization), Prima (optimization), Ballerina forte (optimization), Lancelot (optimization). The conducted studies have shown that perennial and annual dicotyledonous weeds have a significant distribution in spring barley crops in the conditions of the Central Chernozem zone. Of these, according to the abundance indicators, white mar, medicinal dymyanka, white sandman, bindweed mountaineer, field yarutka, yellow osot, frankincense pickle predominates. A comparative analysis of optimization on the impact on plant productivity revealed that the most effective technologies for a wide range of weeds were technologies using herbicides Lancelot, Ballerina Super and Ballerina Forte. The highest barley yield of 34.4, 32.3 and 33.7 c/ha, respectively, was noted on these variants of technology application. Key words: SPRING BARLEY, HERBICIDES, CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY, OPTIMIZATION

Glutton: large-scale integration of non-model organism transcriptome data for comparative analysis

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Medlar ◽  
Laura Laakso ◽  
Andreia Miraldo ◽  
Ari Löytynoja
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Reference Species ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

AbstractHigh-throughput RNA-seq data has become ubiquitous in the study of non-model organisms, but its use in comparative analysis remains a challenge. Without a reference genome for mapping, sequence data has to be de novo assembled, producing large numbers of short, highly redundant contigs. Preparing these assemblies for comparative analyses requires the removal of redundant isoforms, assignment of orthologs and converting fragmented transcripts into gene alignments. In this article we present Glutton, a novel tool to process transcriptome assemblies for downstream evolutionary analyses. Glutton takes as input a set of fragmented, possibly erroneous transcriptome assemblies. Utilising phylogeny-aware alignment and reference data from a closely related species, it reconstructs one transcript per gene, finds orthologous sequences and produces accurate multiple alignments of coding sequences. We present a comprehensive analysis of Glutton’s performance across a wide range of divergence times between study and reference species. We demonstrate the impact choice of assembler has on both the number of alignments and the correctness of ortholog assignment and show substantial improvements over heuristic methods, without sacrificing correctness. Finally, using inference of Darwinian selection as an example of downstream analysis, we show that Glutton-processed RNA-seq data give results comparable to those obtained from full length gene sequences even with distantly related reference species. Glutton is available from http://wasabiapp.org/software/glutton/ and is licensed under the GPLv3.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Signal Features used for Impact Localization on a Center Console with Piezoceramic Sensors

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
André Böhle
Keyword(s):  
Control Element ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Center Console ◽  
Signal Features ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Impact Localization ◽  
A Current

Smart components are increasingly of interest inresearch and industry due to their wide range of applications. Anexample of this is a current project of the Federal ExcellenceCluster MERGE, which is concerned with the development of acenter console that serves as a control element in an automobileand is executing actions by touching it. In order to facilitate thisfunctionality, it is necessary to evaluate the electrical signalsgenerated by piezoceramic sensors regarding to the localizationof the impact. In this respect, various signal features areinvestigated for their suitability using a support vector machine.The results show that an impact localization can be realized bythe energetic consideration of the signals but has limitations inthe practical usability.

scholarly journals Ecological analysis of agricultural environmental management problems in the Central Chernozem Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Falak Almobarak ◽  
Lydia A. Mezhova
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Geochemical Analysis ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Central Chernozem Region ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Agricultural Impact ◽  
Central Chernozem

Abstract. Land resources of the Central Chernozem Region are intensively used in economic activities that have affected the degradation of the natural environment components. The 100-year observation period revealed changes in biogenic components and humus in the regions soils. To determine the environmental problems of agricultural environmental management, we have calculated modular indicators of geochemical impact of various agricultural sectors. We have calculated the modular indicator of agricultural impact assessment on agricultural systems of the Central Chernozem Region. In order to preserve land resources it is important to quantify the impact of agricultural production. To assess the impact the authors have introduced three types of coefficients: taking into account the agricultural, livestock and technogenic impact. They can be used as the main diagnostic indicators to identify environmental problems. The coefficients make it possible to determine trends in environmental management and by the results of geochemical analysis environmental problems and the degree of impact of different types of agricultural production are identified. Balance violations of the substances cycle in forest-steppe landscapes have been revealed. The landscape and geochemical approach reveals migration processes, the cycle of substance and violations of self-regulating properties of the natural landscape. The analysis of potassium and phosphorus distribution is important in agrochemical aspect. The coefficient was calculated based on the mass of matter introduced and removed from the soil in relation to their content in the soil. The degree of geochemical agricultural impact exceeds the natural geochemical background. It gives an opportunity to define negative features of agricultural nature use. A complex geochemical analysis of different nature users will make it possible to determine the degree of their impact on the natural environment in the region. Soil transformation in agrosystems is accompanied by ecological losses both for the natural environment and for life activity of the population. Due to wide application of chemicalization means for implementation of the agricultural intensification program, it became necessary to determine quantitatively the geochemical load on the landscape in order to optimize and protect it. In this regard, issues of renewal of natural material and energy resources are relevant for agricultural production.

scholarly journals Philanthropic Foundations and Local Policy Making in the Austerity Era: Does Urban Governance Matter?

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 917-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Ravazzi
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Local Policy ◽  
Philanthropic Foundations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Philanthropic Organizations ◽  
Private Actors ◽  
The Impact

Over the last decades, European cities have been facing serious constraints. In particular, decreasing transfers from central governments, the introduction of domestic ‘Stability pacts’ and the economic crisis have significantly challenged the capacity of local governments to address societal issues. Within this context, local governments have tried to find new ways by establishing collaborations with a wide range of private actors, including non-profit organizations and the civil society as a whole. Among these private actors, big philanthropic organizations are gaining prominence, acting as public policy supporters and policy makers. In particular, those philanthropic organizations, which focus the operating activity on single communities, are emerging as potential key actors in local governance, thanks to their capacity to concentrate resourses and efforts in specific and limited territories. For this new emerging role, a recent debate on their impact on local policy making has raised in the last years. This paper aims at presenting the findings of a comparative analysis on the impact that some of the world’s biggest philanthropic organizations have produced in two Italian urban contexts. In particular, the comparative analysis of these two cases had the aim of testing a major thesis: the impact of philanthropic foundations on local policy making varies in relation to the consolidated mode of governance within which they operate.

scholarly journals Perspective of blockchain technology application in corporate governance: Recent trands

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-72
Author(s):  
A. S. Yukhno
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Risk Appetite ◽  
Board Level ◽  
The Impact

The subject of the present paper is the perspective of blockchain technology application based on the experience of the Russian and foreign companies, financial institutions, and public authorities. The purpose of the article is to study trends, identify areas of application, and analyze the risks and benefits of blockchain technology application in corporate governance. The author used the methods of generalization, synthesis, comparative analysis of the approaches applied to determine the role played by blockchain in corporate governance, studied appropriate recent scientific publications, and also conducted the comparative analysis of the corporate governance goals and key characteristics of the above technology. The author has exhaustively analyzed the prospects of blockchain technology implementation in corporate governance taking into account the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, which forms the novelty of the present paper. The author proposes to follow the below recommendations pertaining to certain issues of implementing blockchain technology into entity’s operations: to include the issue of suitability of blockchain technology integration into the entity’s operations in the meeting of the Board of Directors’ agenda, develop and approve at the Board level in-house documents to regulate the technology application within the entity as well as the strategy of its using to be followed by its integration into the entity’s general business strategy, approve the entity’s risk-appetite to use the technology within the frameworks of the overall entity’s risk management strategy, analyze the impact it may cause on the entity’s activities at the Board level and also ensure improving the employees’ training and competencies with respect to using blockchain technology. The author concludes that nowadays blockchain technology will be most intensively used in areas where it is a more effective alternative to existing systems in their current state. The conclusions and results obtained may be used in the course of developing Russian corporate governance practice as well as in the analytical and practical work performed by the public authorities and the business community.

scholarly journals AlbaTraDIS: Comparative analysis of large datasets from parallel transposon mutagenesis experiments

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Page ◽  
Sarah Bastkowski ◽  
Muhammad Yasir ◽  
A. Keith Turner ◽  
Thanh Le Viet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Transposon Mutagenesis ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Multiple Data Sets ◽  
Triclosan Resistance ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBackgroundBacteria have evolved over billions of years to survive in a wide range of environments. Currently, there is an incomplete understanding of the genetic basis for mechanisms underpinning survival in stressful conditions, such as the presence of anti-microbials. Transposon mutagenesis has been proven to be a powerful tool to identify genes and networks which are involved in survival and fitness under a given condition by simultaneously assaying the fitness of millions of mutants, thereby relating genotype to phenotype and contributing to an understanding of bacterial cell biology. A recent refinement of this approach allows the roles of essential genes in conditional stress survival to be inferred by altering their expression. These advancements combined with the rapidly falling costs of sequencing now allows comparisons between multiple experiments to identify commonalities in stress responses to different conditions. This capacity however poses a new challenge for analysis of multiple data sets in conjunction.ResultsTo address this analysis need, we have developed ‘AlbaTraDIS’; a software application for rapid large-scale comparative analysis of TraDIS experiments that predicts the impact of transposon insertions on nearby genes. AlbaTraDIS can identify genes which are up or down regulated, or inactivated, between multiple conditions, producing a filtered list of genes for further experimental validation as well as several accompanying data visualisations. We demonstrate the utility of our new approach by applying it to identify genes used byEscherichia colito survive in a wide range of different concentrations of the biocide Triclosan. AlbaTraDIS automatically identified all well characterised Triclosan resistance genes, including the primary target,fabI. A number of new loci were also implicated in Triclosan resistance and the predicted phenotypes for a selection of these were validated experimentally and results showed high consistency with predictions.ConclusionsAlbaTraDIS provides a simple and rapid method to analyse multiple transposon mutagenesis data sets allowing this technology to be used at large scale. To our knowledge this is the only tool currently available that can perform these tasks. AlbaTraDIS is written in Python 3 and is available under the open source licence GNU GPL 3 fromhttps://github.com/quadram-institute-bioscience/albatradis.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of indicators for assessing the state of activated sludge in the water treatment process

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-103
Author(s):  
Yelena S. Balymova ◽  
◽  
Yulia M. Safiullina ◽  
Farida Yu. Akhmadullina ◽  
Rustem K. Zakirov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
The State ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Control Factor ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

This article presents the results of biodiagnostics of activated sludge formed in the wastewater of organic synthesis plants. They are characterized by changes in the concentrations of control pollutants (phenol, non-ionic synthetic surfactants, glycols), as well as chemical oxygen demand in a fairly wide range, which negatively affects at the activated sludge state and does not allow to achieve the regulatory requirements for the quality of treated wastewater. In this paper, the state of active biomass in the process of biological wastewater treatment was evaluated using three quantitative assessment systems: a five-point scale, hydrobiological indices of biodiversity Shannon and Cuba. The paper presents a comparative analysis of systems for quantifying the state of activated sludge, that are recommended for use in water treatment practice, both for simple systems, in which only one control factor affects the state of activated sludge, and for complex systems, that include the impact of a large number of control ecotoxicants on the activated sludge ecosystem. It is shown that in quantitative terms, the established regularities of the influence of control pollutants on the state of activated sludge differ: the five-point evaluation system, in comparison with the Shannon index, reflects deeper changes in the state of the biocenosis, because it evaluates not only the number of hydrobionts, but also their state, as well as the state of activated sludge flakes and the liquid above it. However, the assessment of the activated sludge state by the Cube index revealed a quantitative discrepancy in the change of this index compared to the aforementioned, which suggests that it is not appropriate to use it to describe the dynamics of changes in the state of the bioagent in the process of water treatment.

scholarly journals Uptake of Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn by maize in the strip cropping system  

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 322-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Głowacka
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Cu Content ◽  
Micronutrient Uptake ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Fe And Mn ◽  
Mn Content ◽  
The Impact

A field experiment was conducted in 2008–2010 at the Experimental Station of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences in Zamość (50°42'N, 23°16'E), University of Life Sciences in Lublin. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of cropping method and weed control methods on the content of Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn in maize and on their uptake. Two cropping methods were studied – sole cropping and strip cropping (common bean, dent maize and spring barley in adjacent strips) and two weed control methods – mechanical and chemical. Strip cropping reduced Mn content in maize, did not significantly affect Zn content, and increased accumulation of Cu and Fe. The content and uptake of the elements by maize depended on the position of the row in the strip and on the adjacent plant species. Placement next to beans resulted in higher Fe and Zn content, while placement next to barley increased Cu content. The highest Mn content was noted in maize from the centre row. In general, micronutrient uptake by maize was lowest in the middle row. These results indicate that strip cropping can be an effective agricultural practise for plant biofortification.

scholarly journals Nozzle Selection and Adjuvant Impact on the Efficacy of Glyphosate and PPO-Inhibiting Herbicide Tank-Mixtures

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 754
Author(s):  
Jesaelen G. Moraes ◽  
Thomas R. Butts ◽  
Vitor M. Anunciato ◽  
Joe D. Luck ◽  
Wesley C. Hoffmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Target Movement ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Synergistic Interactions ◽  
Spray Solution ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Als Inhibitor ◽  
The Impact

PPO-inhibiting herbicides in combination with glyphosate for postemergence applications is a common approach to manage glyphosate- and ALS-inhibitor-resistant weeds. PPO-inhibitors can reduce glyphosate translocation when applied in tank-mixtures, but adjuvants may be used to overcome this effect. Additionally, optimal droplet size may be affected by tank-mixtures of different herbicides and it can be crucial to herbicide efficacy. Field and greenhouse studies were conducted to investigate the impact of nozzle selection and adjuvants on weed control and interactions when applying PPO-inhibitors (fomesafen or lactofen) alone or in tank-mixture with glyphosate to five weed species using six nozzle types. Ultra-coarse droplets were just as effective as medium droplets regardless of the spray solution, but have a lower likelihood of off-target movement. Tank-mixtures applied were consistently antagonistic to common lambsquarters, horseweed, and Palmer amaranth. Only fomesafen was antagonistic to kochia whereas synergistic interactions were observed when glyphosate plus lactofen were applied in combination with COC, DRA + COC, or NIS. Separate applications are advisable with herbicide- and weed-specific situations to avoid antagonism, which is necessary to achieve optimum weed control and maintain the effectiveness of PPO-inhibitors. Future research should continue to look at these important interactions across a wide range of weed species.

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