scholarly journals Design of control strategies for frequency stability of PV-thermal interconnected power system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Milton Solomon Estrice
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power System ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Power Demand ◽  
Energy Prices

Renewable energy in particular solar energy is a viable option to meet the increasing energy demand for the modern world. The Solar resource in South Africa is among the highest in the world. With the progression of modern society, both energy demands and energy prices are increasing, which has welcomed the introduction of renewable energy resources as an alternative. However, solar radiation varies over the complete day sometimes over the season, and sometimes over the complete year. Further, the power demand is highly variable in nature. Hence, the generated power should match the customer demands over the period of twenty-four hours, and further, it should be economical for customers and electrical utilities. Hence, this study will focus on integrating PV plants with thermal plants to meet the rising customer power demand. The integration of PV with thermal power plants will bring some new challenges in the domain of power system operation & control which is the frequency of the power system should be restricted to well-defined values. Hence, suitable control strategies are to be developed for the successful and smooth operation of the power system. In this research work, an attempt is made to investigate an interlinked system comprising of a thermal and a PV generation system. The control strategies based on PID controllers and their gains tuned through effective tuning techniques are presented. In addition, the concept of fuzzy logic is used to address the problem of frequency managing of PV-Thermal via effectively designing fuzzy proportional, fuzzy integral, and fuzzy PI built control strategies to ensure the frequency regulation of the energy system. The obtained results are shown via a graphical approach, and the best control design is explore and suggested for the considered system. In addition, the scope for further improvement and possible direction areas are also explored and listed in this report.

scholarly journals A Review of Virtual Inertia Techniques for Renewable Energy-Based Generators

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Fernández-Guillamón ◽  
Emilio Gómez-Lázaro ◽  
Eduard Muljadi ◽  
Ángel Molina-Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Extensive Discussion ◽  
Renewable Sources ◽  
Virtual Inertia ◽  
Alternative Sources

Over recent decades, the penetration of renewable energy sources (RES), especially photovoltaic and wind power plants, has been promoted in most countries. However, as these both alternative sources have power electronics at the grid interface (inverters), they are electrically decoupled from the grid. Subsequently, stability and reliability of power systems are compromised. Inertia in power systems has been traditionally determined by considering all the rotating masses directly connected to the grid. Thus, as the penetration of renewable units increases, the inertia of the power system decreases due to the reduction of directly connected rotating machines. As a consequence, power systems require a new set of strategies to include these renewable sources. In fact, ‘hidden inertia,’ ‘synthetic inertia’ and ‘virtual inertia’ are terms currently used to represent an artificial inertia created by inverter control strategies of such renewable sources. This chapter reviews the inertia concept and proposes a method to estimate the rotational inertia in different parts of the world. In addition, an extensive discussion on wind and photovoltaic power plants and their contribution to inertia and power system stability is presented.

scholarly journals Prospects for the Development of Renewable Energy in the Crimean Peninsula

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 109-115
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Valerievich Guryev ◽  
Vladimir Vyacheslavovich Kuvshinov ◽  
Boris Anatolevich Yakimovich
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power System ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
The Crimean Peninsula

The Crimean Peninsula is the flagship of the development of renewable energy, as it is not only an actively developing region, but also a resort center. The energy complex of the Crimean Peninsula in recent years has increased due to the construction of new power plants (Balaklava TPP and Tavricheskaya TPP) with a total capacity of 940 MW, as well as the construction of new 220 and 330 kV transmission lines, which ensured that the peninsula’s power supply deficit was covered. A review of the regional development and use of renewable energy sources is carried out. Based on the data obtained, an analysis is made of the problems and prospects for the development of renewable energy in the region. The development of renewable energy for the Crimean Peninsula plays an important role in order to achieve environmental safety and develop the economic potential of the region. The paper substantiates the priority use of renewable energy in the region, as well as the solution of emerging problems with an increase in the share of renewable energy in the total generation. The appearance of excess electricity in the power system and the possibility of balancing the generated power of renewable energy and thermal power plants, while reducing the cost of electricity. Investment attractiveness and active population growth in the region leads to an increase in generating capacity and an increase in the maneuverability of the energy system with a significant impact of RES. The efficiency of renewable energy in the energy system, the world experience in managing renewable energy generation, the actual impact of renewable energy on the energy system in conditions of electricity shortage, and forecast work schedules of the SES wind farm provided by the electric power industry entities in the assigned way are taken into account when forming the dispatch schedule and are accepted at the request of the subject. The available experience of existing SES in the power system of the Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol requires additional research, including through field testing of generating equipment. Further full-scale tests should be carried out under the conditions of a real electric power mode of the power system, which requires the introduction of modern information technologies that ensure the exchange of technological information and the implementation of appropriate control actions. The work is underway to create a regulatory framework for the control of renewable energy source operation.

Study of the Power Balance and Reliability of Power Plants Based on Renewable Energy in the Power System of the Ryazan Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Evgeniy I. Lopatin
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power System ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Probability Of Failure ◽  
Power Balance ◽  
Reliability Indicators

On the territory of the Ryazan region, there are currently five 5 power plants with an installed electric capacity of 3,759 megawatt, including two gas turbine thermal power plants, which partially use an alternative fuel of the first generation (biogas) obtained from recycled organic waste through their processing. Experiments on conversion the gas turbine power plants to alternative fuels are being carried out. (Research purpose) The research purpose is to determine the power balance and reliability indicators of power plants based on renewable energy in the power system of the Ryazan region. (Materials and methods) Authors have investigated two gas turbine thermal power plants in the Ryazan power system in Sasovo and Kasimov. The reliability indicators of the gas turbine station equipment were calculated. (Results and discussion) Due to the commissioning of the second stage of the gas turbine power plant in Sasovo and its transfer to alternative sources, authors predict an increase in the growth of electricity generation. Authors considered the system reliability of the gas turbine station. (Conclusions) Analysis of power and electricity balances of power plants based on renewable energy in the power system of the Ryazan region showed that their share in the total electricity generation does not exceed one percent. It was determined that the probability of failure-free operation of electrical equipment lies in the range from 0.9 to 0.98. It was found that the probability of failure-free operation of the equipment included in the high voltage switchgear (10 kilovolts) lies below the standard and is up to 0.93. It was revealed a high probability of failure-free operation of step-up transformers up to 0.99, switching and protective equipment as part of a low voltage switchgear from 0.93 to 0.98. It was found that the transfer of gas-turbine stations to alternative fuel (biogas) obtained from recycled organic waste, will not cause a decrease in the reliability of power supply, since the estimated probability of failure-free operation of the equipment corresponds to or exceeds the normative value of 0.95, and the recovery time does not exceed 2.82 hours.

scholarly journals The Challenges and Opportunities of Renewable Energy Source (RES) Penetration in Indonesia: Case Study of Java-Bali Power System

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 5903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Handrea Bernando Tambunan ◽  
Dzikri Firmansyah Hakam ◽  
Iswan Prahastono ◽  
Anita Pharmatrisanti ◽  
Andreas Putro Purnomoadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Pv Penetration

Nowadays, the integration of renewable energy sources, especially grid-connected photovoltaic, into electrical power systems, is increasing dramatically. There are several stimulants especially in the Java-Bali power system, including huge solar potential, a national renewable energy (RE) target, regulation support for prosumers, photovoltaic technology development, and multi-year power system planning. However, significant annual photovoltaic penetration can lead to critical issues, including a drop of netload during the day, ramping capability, and minimal load operation for thermal power plants. This study analyses the duck curve phenomenon in the Java-Bali power system that considers high shares of the baseload power plant and specific scenarios in photovoltaic (PV) penetration and electricity demand growth. This study also analyses future netload, need for fast ramping rate capability, and oversupply issues in the Java-Bali power system. The results showed that the duck curve phenomenon appears with a significant netload drop in the middle of the day because of high power generation from grid-connected PV. Furthermore, the need for fast ramp rate capability is critical for a higher peak load combined with the lowest netload valley. Moreover, the significant load growth with high grid-connected PV penetration level caused unit commitment issues for thermal power plants as baseload operators.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF WIND FARM OPERATING REGIMES IN THE POWER SYSTEM OF MACEDONIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Čauševski ◽  
Tome Boševski
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power System ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
Wind Power Plants ◽  
Hydro Power Plants

A b s t r a c t: The trend for achieving sustainable energy development, keeping the environment clean and utilization of renewable energy sources are imperative to the energy development in several countries. Through legislation and economical benefits, countries tend to encourage potential investors for building the technologies for energy production from renewable. In order to achieve the EU energy target to have 20% renewable in 2020, the technologies for producing electricity from renewable energy sources (RES) are used to cover the needs with more intensities. The most dominant renewable is the wind power plants(WPP) or wind parks, which are used to supply electricity to more power systems (EPS) and whose installed capacity in some European countries reaches thousands MW. This paper treats the issue of operational work of wind power in the power system of Macedonia. It is made of simulation work with wind power plants with total installed capacity of 150 MW with an annual production of 300 GWh. The considered power system of Macedonia is projected for the period of 2015 with an annual consumption of 10,000 GWh. The power plants considering operating in the simulated period are the existing thermal power units and hydro power plants together with the planned gas power plants and hydro power plants. The aim of this paper is to analyze the effects of the power system operation in case to have installed wind power plants, or what operation mode of thermal power plants (TPP) and hydro power plants (HPP) is most convenient when the system has a source of technology from the renewable with stochastically nature. This is especially important, because conventional power plants (TPP and HPP) operate and regulate the needs of consumption in the power system, but the wind power plants operate when the wind occurs within certain limits of  technical operating mode for wind turbines. Although wind is free renewable energy source, frequency of occurrence of wind with unpredictable nature and stochastically, has additional adverse impact in terms of power system operating mode. Certainly the impact of wind power on the overall the power system operation depends on power plants and configuration of the power system. In other words, the base load is covered from TPP fossil fuel or nuclear plants, and the dynamic nature of wind power can be incorporated in the power system depends on how much power plants for peak load are available in the system (storage reversible hydro or gas turbines), or how variable power can be accepted in the power system.

scholarly journals Analyzing Trade in Continuous Intra-Day Electricity Market: An Agent-Based Modeling Approach

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3860
Author(s):  
Priyanka Shinde ◽  
Ioannis Boukas ◽  
David Radu ◽  
Miguel Manuel de Manuel de Villena ◽  
Mikael Amelin
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Agent Based Modeling ◽  
Market Liquidity ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Agent Based

In recent years, the vast penetration of renewable energy sources has introduced a large degree of uncertainty into the power system, thus leading to increased trading activity in the continuous intra-day electricity market. In this paper, we propose an agent-based modeling framework to analyze the behavior and the interactions between renewable energy sources, consumers and thermal power plants in the European Continuous Intra-day (CID) market. Additionally, we propose a novel adaptive trading strategy that can be used by the agents that participate in CID market. The agents learn how to adapt their behavior according to the arrival of new information and how to react to changing market conditions by updating their willingness to trade. A comparative analysis was performed to study the behavior of agents when they adopt the proposed strategy as opposed to other benchmark strategies. The effects of unexpected outages and information asymmetry on the market evolution and the market liquidity were also investigated.

Power Cycles of Generation III and III+ Nuclear Power Plants

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Dragunov ◽  
Eugene Saltanov ◽  
Igor Pioro ◽  
Pavel Kirillov ◽  
Romney Duffey
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Thermal Power Plants

It is well known that the electrical-power generation is the key factor for advances in any other industries, agriculture and level of living. In general, electrical energy can be generated by: 1) non-renewable-energy sources such as coal, natural gas, oil, and nuclear; and 2) renewable-energy sources such as hydro, wind, solar, biomass, geothermal and marine. However, the main sources for electrical-energy generation are: 1) thermal - primary coal and secondary natural gas; 2) “large” hydro and 3) nuclear. The rest of the energy sources might have visible impact just in some countries. Modern advanced thermal power plants have reached very high thermal efficiencies (55–62%). In spite of that they are still the largest emitters of carbon dioxide into atmosphere. Due to that, reliable non-fossil-fuel energy generation, such as nuclear power, becomes more and more attractive. However, current Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) are way behind by thermal efficiency (30–42%) compared to that of advanced thermal power plants. Therefore, it is important to consider various ways to enhance thermal efficiency of NPPs. The paper presents comparison of thermodynamic cycles and layouts of modern NPPs and discusses ways to improve their thermal efficiencies.

scholarly journals Research on Thermal Discharge Pollution of Xiangshan Power Plant Based on Remote Sensing

2012 ◽  
Vol 6-7 ◽  
pp. 128-134
Author(s):  
Yuan Lin ◽  
Zhong Yang Guo ◽  
Peng Peng Kan ◽  
Shu Feng Ye
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Thermal Infrared ◽  
Coastal Environment ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Thermal Discharge ◽  
Thermal Infrared Remote Sensing ◽  
Sensing Technology

Thermal power technology has brought great convenience for human electricity energy demand, but thermal discharge from thermal power plants has caused great harm to the coastal environment. Therefore, it’s important to strengthen the monitoring of thermal pollution from power plants for guarantee the normal operation of coastal environment and ecological system. Thermal infrared remote sensing technology provides a new measure for monitoring the thermal discharge. In this paper, we use mono-window algorithm and Landsat thermal infrared data to retrieved the sea surface temperature around Xiangshan Power Plants, and achieved the result of 1~5.4°C temperature rise in 106.52km2 in Xiangshan Harbor, revealed the spatial distribution regularities of thermal discharge and discussed the influence of thermal discharge on costal environment.

scholarly journals Potential utilization of renewable energy resources for electricity generation in Bosnia and Herzegovina

2005 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fajik Begic ◽  
Anes Kazagic
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power System ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources

Along with the current processes of restructuring of Energy power system of Bosnia and Herzegovina, liberalization of the electricity market, and modernization of the existing power plants, Bosnia and Herzegovina must turn to the utilization of renewable resources in reason able dynamics as well. Respecting this policy, the initial Valuation of the potential of renewable erg resources in Bosnia and Herzegovina is per formed. The methodology of evaluation of wind energy utilization is presented in this paper, as well as some other aspects of utilization of the renewable energy resources in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Implementation of selected projects should improve sustainability of energy power production in Bosnia and Herzegovina, by reducing the total emission of carbon dioxide originated from energy power system of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

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