scholarly journals The integration of CAD and motion analysis into a single intuitive software package

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Nitin J. Daya
Keyword(s):  
Motion Analysis ◽  
Software Package ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Complex Activity ◽  
Cad Systems ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Different Types

Existing CAD systems cannot satisfy all the requirements of 'real' design. Many designers would like to have more powerful and capable CAD systems. 'Real' design is a complex activity involving different types of problems thus a CAD system must be a general purpose system so that it can support all aspects of design including that of motion analysis.

scholarly journals The Research of the Possibilities and Application of the AutoCAD Software Package for Creating Electronic Versions of Textbooks for "Engineering and Computer Graphics" Course

TEM Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1141-1149
Author(s):  
Alexey L. Khoroshko
Keyword(s):  
Computer Graphics ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Software Package ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Cad Systems ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Technical Performance ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design

In this paper there are examples showing that AutoCAD (computer-aided design (CAD)) was and still is a powerful tool for technical graphics. Since Autodesk is a pioneer in the market of commercial widely available CAD systems, in this company CAD principles (which can be used by relatively unprepared users), nature and volume of teams, sequence and features of their implementation were developed. Despite the fact that today AutoCAD is only one of many packages, and its use as a training program guarantees not only high-quality training of specialists, but also the fact that the employee can easily switch to another CAD system, intuitively understanding the principles of function. In terms of technical performance, AutoCAD is a complete tool covering the entire spectrum of functions in the field of "Engineering and Computer Graphics" course.

Analysing Mechanical Systems in Domestic and Foreign CAD Systems

2018 ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
V. A. Martynyuk ◽  
V. A. Trudonoshin ◽  
V. G. Fedoruk
Keyword(s):  
Sheet Material ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Cad Systems ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Foreign Products ◽  
Nonlinear Algebraic Systems ◽  
Software Product ◽  
Pipeline Design ◽  
The Mathematical Model

The article considers applications of foreign CAD-systems in creating the challenging projects at domestic enterprises and design bureaus. As stated in the article "... presently, there is no domestic CAD-system that could completely replace such foreign products as NX, CATIA, Credo". Besides, due to international cooperation in creating the challenging projects (for example, the project to create a modern wide-body aircraft, proposed jointly with China), it makes sense to use the worldwide known and popular CAD systems (the aforementioned NX, CATIA, Credo). Therefore, in the foreseeable future, we will still have to use foreign software products. Of course, there always remains a question of the reliability of the results obtained. Actually, this question is always open regardless of what software product is used - domestic or foreign. This question has been haunting both developers and users of CAD systems for the last 30 to 40 years. But with using domestic systems, it is much easier to identify the cause of inaccurate results and correct the mathematical models used, the methods of numerical integration applied, and the solution of systems of nonlinear algebraic systems. Everything is much more complicated if we use a foreign software product. All advertising conversations that there is a tool to make the detected errors available to the developers, remain only conversations in the real world. It is easily understandable to domestic users, and, especially, to domestic developers of similar software products. The existing development rates and competition for potential buyers dictate a rigid framework of deadlines for releasing all new versions of the product and introducing the latest developments into commercial product, etc. As a result, the known errors migrate from version to version, and many users have accepted it long ago. Especially, this concerns the less popular tools rather than the most popular applications (modules) of a CAD system. For example, in CAD systems, the "Modeling" module where geometric models of designed parts and assembly units are created has been repeatedly crosschecked. But most of the errors are hidden in applications related to the design of parts from sheet material and to the pipeline design, as well as in applications related to the analysis of moving mechanisms and to the strength or gas dynamic analysis by the finite element method.The article gives a concrete example of a moving mechanism in the analysis of which an error was detected using the mathematical model of external influence (a source of speed) in the NX 10.0 system of Siemens.

A user-friendly general-purpose predictive software package for food safety

2011 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Halder ◽  
Ashish Dhall ◽  
Ashim K. Datta ◽  
D. Glenn Black ◽  
P.M. Davidson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Software Package ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Predictive Software

A General-Purpose Software for Menu Design of CAD Projects

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. C. Pao
Keyword(s):  
Software Package ◽  
Computer Programs ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Sample Design ◽  
Main Menu ◽  
Sample Application ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Four Bar Linkage ◽  
General Purpose Software

Abstract A software package MenuCAD has been developed for the general need of designing menu-driven, user-friendly CAD computer programs. The main menu is formatted similar to the major contents in the final report of the design project including Contents, Analysis, Sample Design Cases, Illustrations and Tables, References, and Program Listings. Sub-menus are further divided into items delineating the steps involved in the design. Screen help messages are provided for design of the main menu and sub-menus interactively and for applying the arrow keys on the keyboard to select a sub-menus and a particular item in the sub-menu in order to execute a desired design step. MenuCAD builds the framework, its user has to supplement with a subroutine ExecItem for describing the special features and for directing how each design step should be executed in the project. A CAD design of four-bar linkage project is presented as a sample application of this package.

scholarly journals The Connection between Czc and Cad Systems Involved in Cadmium Resistance in Pseudomonas putida

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (18) ◽  
pp. 9697
Author(s):  
Huizhong Liu ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Yingsi Wang ◽  
Xiaobao Xie ◽  
Qingshan Shi
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Putida ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Response Regulator ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Cadmium Resistance ◽  
Cad Systems ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Considerable Resistance ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

Heavy metal pollution is widespread and persistent, and causes serious harm to the environment. Pseudomonas putida, a representative environmental microorganism, has strong resistance to heavy metals due to its multiple efflux systems. Although the functions of many efflux systems have been well-studied, the relationship between them remains unclear. Here, the relationship between the Czc and Cad systems that are predominantly responsible for cadmium efflux in P. putida KT2440 is identified. The results demonstrated that CzcR3, the response regulator of two-component system CzcRS3 in the Czc system, activates the expression of efflux pump genes czcCBA1 and czcCBA2 by directly binding to their promoters, thereby helping the strain resist cadmium stress. CzcR3 can also bind to its own promoter, but it has only a weak regulatory effect. The high-level expression of czcRS3 needs to be induced by Cd2+, and this relies on the regulation of CadR, a key regulator in the Cad system, which showed affinity to czcRS3 promoter. Our study indicates that the Cad system is involved in the regulation of the Czc system, and this relationship is important for maintaining the considerable resistance to cadmium in P. putida.

scholarly journals A neural network for glomerulus classification based on histological images of kidney biopsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Donato Cascarano ◽  
Francesco Saverio Debitonto ◽  
Ruggero Lemma ◽  
Antonio Brunetti ◽  
Domenico Buongiorno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Digital Pathology ◽  
Feature Reduction ◽  
Training Procedure ◽  
Good Precision ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Cad Systems ◽  
Cad System

Abstract Background Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems based on medical images could support physicians in the decision-making process. During the last decades, researchers have proposed CAD systems in several medical domains achieving promising results. CAD systems play an important role in digital pathology supporting pathologists in analyzing biopsy slides by means of standardized and objective workflows. In the proposed work, we designed and tested a novel CAD system module based on image processing techniques and machine learning, whose objective was to classify the condition affecting renal corpuscles (glomeruli) between sclerotic and non-sclerotic. Such discrimination is useful for the biopsy slides evaluation performed by pathologists. Results We collected 26 digital slides taken from the kidneys of 19 donors with Periodic Acid-Schiff staining. Expert pathologists have conducted the slides preparation, digital acquisition and glomeruli annotations. Before setting the classifiers, we evaluated several feature extraction techniques from the annotated regions. Then, a feature reduction procedure followed by a shallow artificial neural network allowed discriminating between the glomeruli classes. We evaluated the workflow considering an independent dataset (i.e., processing images not used in the training procedure). Ten independent runs of the training algorithm, and evaluation, allowed achieving MCC and Accuracy of 0.95 (± 0.01) and 0.99 (standard deviation < 0.00), respectively. We also obtained good precision (0.9844 ± 0.0111) and recall (0.9310 ± 0.0153). Conclusions Results on the test set confirm that the proposed workflow is consistent and reliable for the investigated domain, and it can support the clinical practice of discriminating the two classes of glomeruli. Analyses on misclassifications show that the involved images are usually affected by staining artefacts or present partial sections due to slice preparation and staining processes. In clinical practice, however, pathologists discard images showing such artefacts.

scholarly journals Modelling nonlinear dynamics of interacting tipping elements on complex networks: the PyCascades package

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nico Wunderling ◽  
Jonathan Krönke ◽  
Valentin Wohlfarth ◽  
Jan Kohler ◽  
Jobst Heitzig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamical Systems ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Software Package ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Stochastic Dynamical Systems ◽  
Moisture Recycling ◽  
Modelling Framework ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Open Source Software Package ◽  
The Individual

AbstractTipping elements occur in various systems such as in socio-economics, ecology and the climate system. In many cases, the individual tipping elements are not independent of each other, but they interact across scales in time and space. To model systems of interacting tipping elements, we here introduce the PyCascades open source software package for studying interacting tipping elements (10.5281/zenodo.4153102). PyCascades is an object-oriented and easily extendable package written in the programming language Python. It allows for investigating under which conditions potentially dangerous cascades can emerge between interacting dynamical systems, with a focus on tipping elements. With PyCascades it is possible to use different types of tipping elements such as double-fold and Hopf types and interactions between them. PyCascades can be applied to arbitrary complex network structures and has recently been extended to stochastic dynamical systems. This paper provides an overview of the functionality of PyCascades by introducing the basic concepts and the methodology behind it. In the end, three examples are discussed, showing three different applications of the software package. First, the moisture recycling network of the Amazon rainforest is investigated. Second, a model of interacting Earth system tipping elements is discussed. And third, the PyCascades modelling framework is applied to a global trade network.

New CAD for Rapid Prototyping

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuichi Fukuda ◽  
Daisuke Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Measurement Device ◽  
Detailed Design ◽  
Cad Systems ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Design And Manufacturing ◽  
Cad Tool ◽  
Very High

Abstract We developed a new CAD tool with special attention paid to rapid prototyping. Most of the present 3-D CAD systems treat geometry with very high accuracy but it is not easy to define or modify geometry as we do in the earlier stages of design. The present CAD systems, we believe, are more oritented toward the detailed design and manufacturing of the final product. As rapid prototyping itself is intended for the earlier stages of design, such a CAD system that permitts more easy or rough definition and modification of geometry is really desired. Most of the rapid prototyping systems generate 3-D geometry by piling up the 2-D sections layer by layer. So, if we develop such a layer-based CAD system, then we could more easily tranfer CAD data to the prototyping system. Such an idea was very old, but the traditional ones cannot manipulate geometry with much ease. What we aimed here is to develop a system that a designer can manipuate geometry as freely as he or she wishes. Thus, our system serves as a preprocessor to the present 3-D CAD systems. We are developing another system which permits to generate 3-D geometry as freely as if we are drawing it using a pen, based on the technology of 3-D measurement device. Couled with this system, the system we are proposing here is expected to tranfer such a 3-D geometry data very rapidly and easily to the prototyping equipment and also can interactively modify thus defined geometry data.

Machine Learning Applications in Breast Cancer Diagnosis

2017 ◽  
pp. 465-490
Author(s):  
Syed Jamal Safdar Gardezi ◽  
Mohamed Meselhy Eltoukhy ◽  
Ibrahima Faye
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Learning Tools ◽  
Extraction Techniques ◽  
Cad Systems ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Machine Learning Applications ◽  
Detection And Diagnosis

Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death in women worldwide. Early detection is the key to reduce the mortality rates. Mammography screening has proven to be one of the effective tools for diagnosis of breast cancer. Computer aided diagnosis (CAD) system is a fast, reliable, and cost-effective tool in assisting the radiologists/physicians for diagnosis of breast cancer. CAD systems play an increasingly important role in the clinics by providing a second opinion. Clinical trials have shown that CAD systems have improved the accuracy of breast cancer detection. A typical CAD system involves three major steps i.e. segmentation of suspected lesions, feature extraction and classification of these regions into normal or abnormal class and further into benign or malignant stages. The diagnostics ability of any CAD system is dependent on accurate segmentation, feature extraction techniques and most importantly classification tools that have ability to discriminate the normal tissues from the abnormal tissues. In this chapter we discuss the application of machine learning algorithms e.g. ANN, binary tree, SVM, etc. together with segmentation and feature extraction techniques in a CAD system development. Various methods used in the detection and diagnosis of breast lesions in mammography are reviewed. A brief introduction of machine learning tools, used in diagnosis and their classification performance on various segmentation and feature extraction techniques is presented.

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