scholarly journals The Connection between Czc and Cad Systems Involved in Cadmium Resistance in Pseudomonas putida

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (18) ◽  
pp. 9697
Author(s):  
Huizhong Liu ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Yingsi Wang ◽  
Xiaobao Xie ◽  
Qingshan Shi
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Putida ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Response Regulator ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Cadmium Resistance ◽  
Cad Systems ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Considerable Resistance ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

Heavy metal pollution is widespread and persistent, and causes serious harm to the environment. Pseudomonas putida, a representative environmental microorganism, has strong resistance to heavy metals due to its multiple efflux systems. Although the functions of many efflux systems have been well-studied, the relationship between them remains unclear. Here, the relationship between the Czc and Cad systems that are predominantly responsible for cadmium efflux in P. putida KT2440 is identified. The results demonstrated that CzcR3, the response regulator of two-component system CzcRS3 in the Czc system, activates the expression of efflux pump genes czcCBA1 and czcCBA2 by directly binding to their promoters, thereby helping the strain resist cadmium stress. CzcR3 can also bind to its own promoter, but it has only a weak regulatory effect. The high-level expression of czcRS3 needs to be induced by Cd2+, and this relies on the regulation of CadR, a key regulator in the Cad system, which showed affinity to czcRS3 promoter. Our study indicates that the Cad system is involved in the regulation of the Czc system, and this relationship is important for maintaining the considerable resistance to cadmium in P. putida.

scholarly journals An operon consisting of a P-type ATPase gene and a transcriptional regulator gene responsible for cadmium resistances in Bacillus vietamensis 151-6 and Bacillus marisflavi 151-25

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxia Yu ◽  
Zundan Ding ◽  
Yangyang Ji ◽  
Jintong Zhao ◽  
Xiaoqing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Transcriptional Regulator ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Cadmium Resistance ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metal ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Atpase Gene ◽  
Similar Gene

Abstract Background: Cadmium (Cd) is a severely toxic heavy metal to most microorganisms. Many bacteria have developed Cd 2+ resistance. Results: In this study, we isolated two different Cd 2+ resistance Bacillus sp . strains, Bacillus vietamensis 151-6 and Bacillus marisflavi 151-25 , which could be grown in the presence of Cd 2+ at concentration up to 0.3 mM and 0.8 mM, respectively. According to the genomic sequencing, transcriptome analysis under cadmium stress, and other related experiments, a gene cluster in plasmid p25 was found to be a major contributor to Cd 2+ resistance in B. marisflavi 151-25. The cluster in p25 contained orf4802 and orf4803 which encodes an ATPase transporter and a transcriptional regulator protein, respectively. Although 151-6 has much lower Cd 2+ resistance than 151-25, they contained similar gene cluster, but in different locations. A gene cluster on the chromosome containing orf4111 , orf4112 and orf4113 , which encodes an ATPase transporter, a cadmium efflux system accessory protein and a cadmium resistance protein, respectively, was found to play a major role on the Cd 2+ resistance for B. vietamensis 151-6. Conclusions: This work described cadmium resistance mechanisms in newly isolated Bacillus vietamensis 151-6 and Bacillus marisflavi 151-25. Based on homologies to the cad system (CadA-CadC) in Staphylococcus aureus and analysis of transcriptome under Cd 2+ induction, we inferred that the mechanisms of cadmium resistance in B. marisflavi 151-25 was as same as the cad system in S. aureus . Although Bacillus vietamensis 151-6 also had the similar gene cluster to B. marisflavi 151-25 and S. aureus , its transcriptional regulatory mechanism of cadmium resistance was not same. This study explored the cadmium resistance mechanism for B. vietamensis 151-6 and B. marisflavi 151-25 and has expanded our understanding of the biological effects of cadmium.

scholarly journals An operon consisting of a P-type ATPase gene and a transcriptional regulator gene responsible for cadmium resistances in Bacillus vietamensis 151-6 and Bacillus marisflavi 151-25

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxia Yu ◽  
Zundan Ding ◽  
Yangyang Ji ◽  
Jintong Zhao ◽  
Xiaoqing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Transcriptional Regulator ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Cadmium Resistance ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metal ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Atpase Gene ◽  
Similar Gene

Abstract Background: Cadmium (Cd) is a severely toxic heavy metal to most microorganisms. Many bacteria have developed Cd 2+ resistance. Results: In this study, we isolated two different Cd 2+ resistance Bacillus sp . strains, Bacillus vietamensis 151-6 and Bacillus marisflavi 151-25 , which could be grown in the presence of Cd 2+ at concentration up to 0.3 mM and 0.8 mM, respectively. According to the genomic sequencing, transcriptome analysis under cadmium stress, and other related experiments, a gene cluster in plasmid p25 was found to be a major contributor to Cd 2+ resistance in B. marisflavi 151-25. The cluster in p25 contained orf4802 and orf4803 which encodes an ATPase transporter and a transcriptional regulator protein, respectively. Although 151-6 has much lower Cd 2+ resistance than 151-25, they contained similar gene cluster, but in different locations. A gene cluster on the chromosome containing orf4111 , orf4112 and orf4113 , which encodes an ATPase transporter, a cadmium efflux system accessory protein and a cadmium resistance protein, respectively, was found to play a major role on the Cd 2+ resistance for B. vietamensis 151-6. Conclusions: This work described cadmium resistance mechanisms in newly isolated Bacillus vietamensis 151-6 and Bacillus marisflavi 151-25. Based on homologies to the cad system (CadA-CadC) in Staphylococcus aureus and analysis of transcriptome under Cd 2+ induction, we inferred that the mechanisms of cadmium resistance in B. marisflavi 151-25 was as same as the cad system in S. aureus . Although Bacillus vietamensis 151-6 also had the similar gene cluster to B. marisflavi 151-25 and S. aureus , its transcriptional regulatory mechanism of cadmium resistance was not same. This study explored the cadmium resistance mechanism for B. vietamensis 151-6 and B. marisflavi 151-25 and has expanded our understanding of the biological effects of cadmium.

scholarly journals An operon consisting of a P-type ATPase gene and a transcriptional regulator gene responsible for cadmium resistances in Bacillus vietamensis 151-6 and Bacillus marisflavi 151-25

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxia Yu ◽  
Zundan Ding ◽  
Yangyang Ji ◽  
Jintong Zhao ◽  
Xiaoqing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Transcriptional Regulator ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Cadmium Resistance ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metal ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Atpase Gene ◽  
Similar Gene

Abstract Background: Cadmium (Cd) is a severely toxic heavy metal to most microorganisms. Many bacteria have developed Cd 2+ resistance. Results: In this study, we isolated two different Cd 2+ resistance Bacillus sp . strains, Bacillus vietamensis 151-6 and Bacillus marisflavi 151-25 , which could be grown in the presence of Cd 2+ at concentration up to 0.3 mM and 0.8 mM, respectively. According to the genomic sequencing, transcriptome analysis under cadmium stress, and other related experiments, a gene cluster in plasmid p25 was found to be a major contributor to Cd 2+ resistance in B. marisflavi 151-25. The cluster in p25 contained orf4802 and orf4803 which encodes an ATPase transporter and a transcriptional regulator protein, respectively. Although 151-6 has much lower Cd 2+ resistance than 151-25, they contained similar gene cluster, but in different locations. A gene cluster on the chromosome containing orf4111 , orf4112 and orf4113 , which encodes an ATPase transporter, a cadmium efflux system accessory protein and a cadmium resistance protein, respectively, was found to play a major role on the Cd 2+ resistance for B. vietamensis 151-6. Conclusions: This work described cadmium resistance mechanisms in newly isolated Bacillus vietamensis 151-6 and Bacillus marisflavi 151-25. Based on homologies to the cad system (CadA-CadC) in Staphylococcus aureus and analysis of transcriptome under Cd 2+ induction, we inferred that the mechanisms of cadmium resistance in B. marisflavi 151-25 was as same as the cad system in S. aureus . Although Bacillus vietamensis 151-6 also had the similar gene cluster to B. marisflavi 151-25 and S. aureus , its transcriptional regulatory mechanism of cadmium resistance was not same. This study explored the cadmium resistance mechanism for B. vietamensis 151-6 and B. marisflavi 151-25 and has expanded our understanding of the biological effects of cadmium.

Web-Based CAD System for Wooden Box

2012 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 502-506
Author(s):  
Zi Yuan Wu ◽  
Zhong Ji ◽  
Ren Liu ◽  
Guo Fang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Programming Language ◽  
Visual Basic ◽  
Secondary Development ◽  
Design System ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Cad Systems ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Local Computer ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
High Level

Wooden box designing is usually carried out in SolidWorks or such general CAD systems. By secondary development on general CAD system using high level programming language such as Visual Basic, we can create a dedicated CAD system for wooden box. However these dedicated systems are mostly local computer based and not easy for sharing on Internet. In this paper, a web-based CAD system for wooden box has been established by combining PHP language and MySQL database with a localized dedicated CAD system for wooden box. With this system, we can design wooden boxes on the webpages without the installation of any CAD software in local computers, thus sharing the design system and results on Internet.

scholarly journals An operon consisting of a P-type ATPase gene and a transcriptional regular gene given the different cadmium resistances in Bacillus vietamensis 151-6 and Bacillus marisflavi 151-25

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxia Yu ◽  
Zundan Ding ◽  
Yangyang Ji ◽  
Jintong Zhao ◽  
Xiaoqing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Cadmium Resistance ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metal ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Regulator Protein ◽  
Atpase Gene ◽  
Resistance Protein ◽  
P Type

Abstract Cadmium (Cd) is a severely toxic heavy metal to most microorganisms. Many bacteria have developed Cd2+ resistance. In this study, we isolated two different Cd2+ resistance Bacillus sp. strains, Bacillus vietamensis 151-6 and Bacillus marisflavi 151-25, which could be grown in the presence of Cd2+ at concentration up to 0.3 mM and 0.8 mM, respectively. According to the genomic sequencing, transcriptome under cadmium stress and related biological experiments, a gene cluster in plasmid p25 containing orf4802 and orf4803, which encode an ATPase transporter and a transcriptional regulator protein, respectively, was a major contributor to Cd2+ resistance in B. marisflavi 151-25. Although 151-6 has much lower Cd2+ resistance than 151-25, they contain similar gene cluster, but in different locations. A gene cluster on the chromosome containing orf4111, orf4112 and orf4113, which encode an ATPase transporter, a cadmium efflux system accessory protein and a cadmium resistance protein, respectively, was found to be a major role on the Cd2+ resistance for B. vietamensis 151-6. Based on homologies to the cad system (CadA-CadC) in Staphylococcus aureus, the mechanisms of cadmium resistance in B. vietamensis 151-6 and B. marisflavi 151-25 were as same as the cad system. Our study on the cadmium mechanism for B. vietamensis 151-6 and B. marisflavi 151-25 proved preliminarily that the cad system is widespread in Bacillus sp. bacteria.

scholarly journals An operon consisting of a P-type ATPase gene and a transcriptional regulator gene responsible for cadmium resistances in Bacillus vietamensis 151-6 and Bacillus marisflavi 151-25

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxia Yu ◽  
Zundan Ding ◽  
Yangyang Ji ◽  
Jintong Zhao ◽  
Xiaoqing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Transcriptional Regulator ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Cadmium Resistance ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metal ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Atpase Gene ◽  
Similar Gene

Abstract Background: Cadmium (Cd) is a severely toxic heavy metal to most microorganisms. Many bacteria have developed Cd 2+ resistance. Results: In this study, we isolated two different Cd 2+ resistance Bacillus sp . strains, Bacillus vietamensis 151-6 and Bacillus marisflavi 151-25 , which could be grown in the presence of Cd 2+ at concentration up to 0.3 mM and 0.8 mM, respectively. According to the genomic sequencing, transcriptome analysis under cadmium stress, and other related experiments, a gene cluster in plasmid p25 was found to be a major contributor to Cd 2+ resistance in B. marisflavi 151-25. The cluster in p25 contained orf4802 and orf4803 which encodes an ATPase transporter and a transcriptional regulator protein, respectively. Although 151-6 has much lower Cd 2+ resistance than 151-25, they contained similar gene cluster, but in different locations. A gene cluster on the chromosome containing orf4111 , orf4112 and orf4113 , which encodes an ATPase transporter, a cadmium efflux system accessory protein and a cadmium resistance protein, respectively, was found to play a major role on the Cd 2+ resistance for B. vietamensis 151-6. Conclusions: This work described cadmium resistance mechanisms in newly isolated Bacillus vietamensis 151-6 and Bacillus marisflavi 151-25. Based on homologies to the cad system (CadA-CadC) in Staphylococcus aureus and analysis of transcriptome under Cd 2+ induction, we inferred that the mechanisms of cadmium resistance in B. marisflavi 151-25 was as same as the cad system in S. aureus . Although Bacillus vietamensis 151-6 also had the similar gene cluster to B. marisflavi 151-25 and S. aureus , its transcriptional regulatory mechanism of cadmium resistance was not same. This study explored the cadmium resistance mechanism for B. vietamensis 151-6 and B. marisflavi 151-25 and has expanded our understanding of the biological effects of cadmium.

scholarly journals Chromosomal Locus for Cadmium Resistance in Pseudomonas putida Consisting of a Cadmium-Transporting ATPase and a MerR Family Response Regulator

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1437-1444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seon-Woo Lee ◽  
Eric Glickmann ◽  
Donald A. Cooksey
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Putida ◽  
Mutational Analysis ◽  
Response Regulator ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Response Regulators ◽  
Chromosomal Locus ◽  
Cadmium Resistance ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Rhizosphere Bacterium ◽  
Mercury Detoxification

ABSTRACT Pseudomonads from environmental sources vary widely in their sensitivity to cadmium, but the basis for this resistance is largely uncharactarized. A chromosomal fragment encoding cadmium resistance was cloned from Pseudomonas putida 06909, a rhizosphere bacterium, and sequence analysis revealed two divergently transcribed genes, cadA and cadR. CadA was similar to cadmium-transporting ATPases known mostly from gram-positive bacteria, and to ZntA, a lead-, zinc-, and cadmium-transporting ATPase from Escherichia coli. CadR was related to the MerR family of response regulators that normally control mercury detoxification in other bacterial systems. A related gene, zntR, regulateszntA in E. coli, but it is not contiguous withzntA in the E. coli genome as cadAand cadR were in P. putida. In addition, unlike ZntA and other CadA homologs, but similar to the predicted product of gene PA3690 in the P. aeruginosa genome, the P. putida CadA sequence had a histidine-rich N-terminal extension. CadR and the product of PA3689 of P. aeruginosa also had histidine-rich C-terminal extensions not found in other MerR family response regulators. Mutational analysis indicated that cadA and cadR are fully responsible for cadmium resistance and partially for zinc resistance. However, unlike zntA, they did not confer significant levels of lead resistance. The cadA promoter was responsive to Cd(II), Pb(II), and Zn(II), while the cadR promoter was only induced by Cd(II). CadR apparently represses its own expression at the transcriptional level. However, CadR apparently does not represscadA. Homologs of the cadmium-transporting ATPase were detected in many other Pseudomonas species.

scholarly journals An operon consisting of a P-type ATPase gene and a transcriptional regulator gene responsible for cadmium resistances in Bacillus vietamensis 151-6 and Bacillus marisflavi 151-25

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxia Yu ◽  
Zundan Ding ◽  
Yangyang Ji ◽  
Jintong Zhao ◽  
Xiaoqing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Transcriptional Regulator ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Cadmium Resistance ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metal ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Atpase Gene ◽  
Similar Gene

Abstract Background: Cadmium (Cd) is a severely toxic heavy metal to most microorganisms. Many bacteria have developed Cd 2+ resistance. Results: In this study, we isolated two different Cd 2+ resistance Bacillus sp . strains, Bacillus vietamensis 151-6 and Bacillus marisflavi 151-25 , which could be grown in the presence of Cd 2+ at concentration up to 0.3 mM and 0.8 mM, respectively. According to the genomic sequencing, transcriptome analysis under cadmium stress, and other related experiments, a gene cluster in plasmid p25 was found to be a major contributor to Cd 2+ resistance in B. marisflavi 151-25. The cluster in p25 contained orf4802 and orf4803 which encodes an ATPase transporter and a transcriptional regulator protein, respectively. Although 151-6 has much lower Cd 2+ resistance than 151-25, they contained similar gene cluster, but in different locations. A gene cluster on the chromosome containing orf4111 , orf4112 and orf4113 , which encodes an ATPase transporter, a cadmium efflux system accessory protein and a cadmium resistance protein, respectively, was found to play a major role on the Cd 2+ resistance for B. vietamensis 151-6. Conclusions: This work described cadmium resistance mechanisms in newly isolated Bacillus vietamensis 151-6 and Bacillus marisflavi 151-25. Based on homologies to the cad system (CadA-CadC) in Staphylococcus aureus and analysis of transcriptome under Cd 2+ induction, we inferred that the mechanisms of cadmium resistance in B. marisflavi 151-25 was as same as the cad system in S. aureus . Although Bacillus vietamensis 151-6 also had the similar gene cluster to B. marisflavi 151-25 and S. aureus , its transcriptional regulatory mechanism of cadmium resistance was not same. This study explored the cadmium resistance mechanism for B. vietamensis 151-6 and B. marisflavi 151-25 and has expanded our understanding of the biological effects of cadmium.

Academic motivation and professional skills development in the Specialty of Social Sciences and Tourism at a public university [Motivación académica y desarrollo de competencias profesionales en la Especialidad de Ciencias Sociales y Turismo de una universidad pública]

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Ana Cecilia De Paz Lazaro ◽  
Jessica Luz Palomino Collantes
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Academic Motivation ◽  
Public University ◽  
Skills Development ◽  
Professional Skills ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Competencias Profesionales ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

The objective of the research is to determine the relationship between academic motivation and the professional skills development in the specialty of Social Sciences and Tourism. The study is quantitative and the design is non-experimental correlational translational. The results indicate that there is a high level relationship (0.914) between the independent academic motivation variable and the professional competences development in the Specialty of Social Sciences and Tourism. In conclusion, motivation is directly related to the professional skills development in the specialty of Social Sciences and Tourism. The research results conclude that there is a high relationship between the variables.

Analysing Mechanical Systems in Domestic and Foreign CAD Systems

2018 ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
V. A. Martynyuk ◽  
V. A. Trudonoshin ◽  
V. G. Fedoruk
Keyword(s):  
Sheet Material ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Cad Systems ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Foreign Products ◽  
Nonlinear Algebraic Systems ◽  
Software Product ◽  
Pipeline Design ◽  
The Mathematical Model

The article considers applications of foreign CAD-systems in creating the challenging projects at domestic enterprises and design bureaus. As stated in the article "... presently, there is no domestic CAD-system that could completely replace such foreign products as NX, CATIA, Credo". Besides, due to international cooperation in creating the challenging projects (for example, the project to create a modern wide-body aircraft, proposed jointly with China), it makes sense to use the worldwide known and popular CAD systems (the aforementioned NX, CATIA, Credo). Therefore, in the foreseeable future, we will still have to use foreign software products. Of course, there always remains a question of the reliability of the results obtained. Actually, this question is always open regardless of what software product is used - domestic or foreign. This question has been haunting both developers and users of CAD systems for the last 30 to 40 years. But with using domestic systems, it is much easier to identify the cause of inaccurate results and correct the mathematical models used, the methods of numerical integration applied, and the solution of systems of nonlinear algebraic systems. Everything is much more complicated if we use a foreign software product. All advertising conversations that there is a tool to make the detected errors available to the developers, remain only conversations in the real world. It is easily understandable to domestic users, and, especially, to domestic developers of similar software products. The existing development rates and competition for potential buyers dictate a rigid framework of deadlines for releasing all new versions of the product and introducing the latest developments into commercial product, etc. As a result, the known errors migrate from version to version, and many users have accepted it long ago. Especially, this concerns the less popular tools rather than the most popular applications (modules) of a CAD system. For example, in CAD systems, the "Modeling" module where geometric models of designed parts and assembly units are created has been repeatedly crosschecked. But most of the errors are hidden in applications related to the design of parts from sheet material and to the pipeline design, as well as in applications related to the analysis of moving mechanisms and to the strength or gas dynamic analysis by the finite element method.The article gives a concrete example of a moving mechanism in the analysis of which an error was detected using the mathematical model of external influence (a source of speed) in the NX 10.0 system of Siemens.

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