FORMULASI PATCH KOSMETIK LENDIR BEKICOT (Achatina fulica) DENGAN POLIMER KITOSAN DAN BERBAGAI VARIASI AMILUM

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 233
Author(s):  
Michrun Nisa ◽  
Andi Nuraisyah ◽  
Nurul Arfiyanti Yusuf ◽  
Nurul Alifah K
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Potato Starch ◽  
Moisture Uptake ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Tapioca Starch ◽  
Color Uniformity ◽  
Folding Endurance ◽  
Standard Parameter ◽  
Evaporation Technique

The research on cosmetic patch formulation containing snail slime with a variety starch was aimed to determine the type of starch that could produce a patch preparation with a good physical characteristic had been conducted. Cosmetic patch formulation of snail slime was using combination of chitosan and starch polymers such as corn, potato and tapioca starch. The method was used the solvent evaporation technique. The evaluation of patches include weight uniformity, folding endurance, thickness, moisture content, moisture uptake and stability of the patch. The combination of chitosan and starch polymers produced patches that had pH 5 with color uniformity, smoothness of surface and easily removed from the mold. The results showed that patches containing tapioca starch gave weight uniformity that did not much different on each replication that was 0,568 ± 0,03. Patches containing corn starch provided thickness values on each replication did not much different from 0,16± 0,01. Patches containing potato and tapioca starch produced patches that was accordance with the standard parameter of folding endurance was more than 200 times. Patches containing corn and tapioca starch producing patches accordance with the standard parameter of moisture content were less than 10 %. Patches containing potato starch gave patch a high moisture uptake that was 8,2%. The combination of chitosan and tapioca strach as polymers produced patch preparation with a good characteristic on the formulation of snail slime cosmetic patch.

scholarly journals Development, characterization, in vitro and ex vivo evaluation of antiemetic transdermal patches of ondansetron hydrochloride and dexamethasone

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 067-078
Author(s):  
Kailash Sahu ◽  
Saman Pathan ◽  
Kapil Khatri ◽  
Neeraj Upmanyu ◽  
Satish Shilpi
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Moisture Uptake ◽  
Drug Content ◽  
Transdermal Patches ◽  
Ondansetron Hydrochloride ◽  
Folding Endurance

The idea of delivering drugs through skin is old, as the use is reported back in 16th century B.C. The husk of the castor oil plant in water was placed on an aching head. Today the transdermal drug delivery is well accepted for delivering drugs to the systemic circulation. The aim of this study was to design a compound transdermal patches containing ondansetrone HCL and dexamethasone for the treatment of nausea and vomiting in case of chemotherapy and regular symptom of nausea and vomiting. In the present work, an attempt has been made to develop a matrix-type transdermal therapeutic system comprising of Ondansetron-HCl and Dexamethasone in different ratios of hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymeric combinations with 15% w/v plasticizer and 5% w/v penetration enhancer were mixed with the polymer solution polymer were using solvent evaporation technique. The patches were further subjected to various characterization studies for prepared transdermal patches along with the thickness, tensile strength, folding endurance, % elongation, % moisture content, % moisture uptake, % drug content, In vitro drug permeation study on Franz diffusion cells. Obtained results showed no physical-chemical incompatibility between drugs and polymers. On the basis of results obtained from, tensile strength (18±0.16), folding endurance (126 ± 1 to 68 ± 2), % moisture content (2.9±0.4), % moisture uptake, % drug content (92.41 to 98.9 %), TPEC (Transdermal Patches of Ethyl Cellulose) was selected as optimized formulation. In vitro release of the selected batch, TPEC-1 followed by zero-order and formulation showed 62.69 % drug diffusion within 10 hours. Conclusively, the patches were considered to deliver drugs safely through the skin for a longer period often.

scholarly journals Formulation and Evaluation of Transdermal Patch of Stavudine

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahoo Sunit Kumar ◽  
Baurahari Behury ◽  
Patil Sachinkumar
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Fourier Transforms ◽  
The Body ◽  
Transdermal Patch ◽  
Moisture Uptake ◽  
Eudragit Rs ◽  
Folding Endurance ◽  
Eudragit Rl

Stavudine has the half life of 1 to 1.5 hour and bioavailability in the body is 86% due to first-pass metabolism. The dose of stavudine is 40 mg two to three times daily depending on weight and gender; hence, it requires frequent dosing. Transdermal patch of stavudine was prepared to sustain the release and improve bioavailability of drug and patient compliance. Different formulations were prepared by using different concentrations of Eudragit RS 100 and Eudragit RL 100. The prepared formulations were evaluated for various parameters like weight, thickness, drug content, percentage moisture content, percentage moisture uptake, tensile strength, folding endurance, In vitro drug release and in vitro permeation studies. Also these patches were characterized by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy and Fourier transforms Infrared Spectrosphotometry (FTIR). All formulations have shown 0 % constriction of the patches indicating 100% flatness of the transdermal patches. Thus, these formulations can maintain a smooth and uniform surface when they are functional onto skin. The folding endurance values of patches showed optimum flexibility of the patches. The moisture content and moisture uptake in the formulations of transdermal patch was found to be increased by increase in the concentration of Eudragit RS 100 and decreasing the concentration of Eudragit RL 100. FTIR study has shown absence of any interaction of the drug with the excipients. As concentration of Eudragit RL100 increased and subsequently the concentration of Eudragit RS100 decreased, the drug release was enhanced. Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 12(1): 63-69, 2013 (June) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v12i1.16302

scholarly journals Changes in the Crystallinity Degree of Starch Having Different Types of Crystal Structure after Mechanical Pretreatment

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Dome ◽  
Ekaterina Podgorbunskikh ◽  
Aleksey Bychkov ◽  
Oleg Lomovsky
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Activation ◽  
Crystalline Structure ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Potato Starch ◽  
Effective Rate ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Crystallinity Degree ◽  
Tapioca Starch ◽  
Different Types

This paper examines the effect of mechanical activation on the amorphization of starch having different types of crystalline structure (A-type corn starch; B-type potato starch; and C-type tapioca starch). Structural properties of the starches were studied by X-ray diffraction analysis. Mechanical activation in a planetary ball mill reduces the degree of crystallinity in proportion to pretreatment duration. C-type tapioca starch was found to have the highest degree of crystallinity. Energy consumed to achieve complete amorphization of the starches having different types of crystalline structure was measured. The kinetic parameters of the process (the effective rate constants) were determined. The rate constant and the strongest decline in the crystallinity degree after mechanical activation change in the following series: C-type starch, A-type starch, and B-type starch.

Drying kinetics of processed natural coffee with high moisture content

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valdiney Cambuy Siqueira ◽  
Flávio Meira Borém ◽  
Guilherme Euripedes Alves ◽  
Eder Pedroza Isquierdo ◽  
Afonso Celso Ferreira Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Drying Kinetics ◽  
High Moisture Content ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Kinetics Of

Objetivou-se, com o presente trabalho, propor um novo método de processamento e secagem, assim como avaliar o comportamento dos grãos submetidos a este processo, por meio da taxa de redução de água e do ajuste de diferentes modelos matemáticos aos dados experimentais da secagem. Os frutos colhidos no estágio maduro foram divididos em três lotes. O primeiro foi seco continuamente à temperatura de 40±1 °C. O segundo consiste na secagem do café natural até os teores de água de 0,56±0,02, 0,41±0,02, 0,28±0,02 e 0,20±0,02 decimal (base seca, b.s.), seguido de beneficiamento e secagem contínua nas temperaturas de 35±1 ºC e 40±1 ºC. O terceiro lote correspondeu à secagem contínua do café descascado e desmucilado na temperatura de 40±1 °C. Em todos os lotes, a secagem foi encerrada quando os grãos atingiram o teor de água de 0,12±0,05 (b.s.). Aos dados experimentais da secagem foram ajustados dez modelos matemáticos utilizados para representação da secagem dos produtos agrícolas. Além da representação da cinética de secagem foi avaliada a taxa de redução de água dos grãos. Conclui-se que a taxa de redução de água é maior para a temperatura de secagem de 40±1 °C, especialmente para maiores teores de água. O tempo total de secagem do café beneficiado com alto teor de água é expressivamente reduzido, quando comparado ao tempo de secagem completa do café natural. O modelo de Midilli descreve satisfatoriamente a cinética de secagem do café beneficiado.

scholarly journals Modern Biodegradable Plastics—Processing and Properties Part II

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2523
Author(s):  
Janusz W. Sikora ◽  
Łukasz Majewski ◽  
Andrzej Puszka
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Potato Starch ◽  
Reference Sample ◽  
Film Surface ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Biodegradable Plastics ◽  
Film Blowing

Four different plastics were tested: potato starch based plastic (TPS-P)–BIOPLAST GF 106/02; corn starch based plastic (TPS-C)–BioComp BF 01HP; polylactic acid (polylactide) plastic (PLA)—BioComp BF 7210 and low density polyethylene, trade name Malen E FABS 23-D022; as a petrochemical reference sample. Using the blown film extrusion method and various screw rotational speeds, films were obtained and tested, as a result of which the following were determined: breaking stress, strain at break, static and dynamic friction coefficient of film in longitudinal and transverse direction, puncture resistance and strain at break, color, brightness and gloss of film, surface roughness, barrier properties and microstructure. The biodegradable plastics tested are characterized by comparable or even better mechanical strength than petrochemical polyethylene for the range of film blowing processing parameters used here. The effect of the screw rotational speed on the mechanical characteristics of the films obtained was also demonstrated. With the increase in the screw rotational speed, the decrease of barrier properties was also observed. No correlation between roughness and permeability of gases and water vapor was shown. It was indicated that biodegradable plastics might be competitive for conventional petrochemical materials used in film blowing niche applications where cost, recyclability, optical and water vapor barrier properties are not critical.

Intensive beef production 6. A note on the nutritive value of high moisture barley stored anaerobically

1965 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Preston ◽  
H. B. Bowers ◽  
N. A. MacLeod ◽  
Euphemia B. Phillip
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Feeding System ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Roller Mill ◽  
Barley Husk

The use of barley for intensive beef production, as described by Preston, Aitken, Whitelaw, Macdearmid, MacLeod and Philip (1963) is now a well established practice, but one of the hazards of this feeding system is bloat. There is evidence that the risk of this condition is accentuated if the barley husk is broken down too finely as happens if the grain is ground (Preston, Macdearmid and MacLeod, 1963; Preston, 1964). It was therefore recommended that barley should be processed in a roller mill and that the moisture content should be at least 16% (Preston, 1963), for if the grain is drier than this it is difficult to prevent excessive shattering and destruction of the husk. Suitable containers, which can be sealed in order to ensure anaerobic conditions and so overcome the problem of storing damp grain (greater than 16% moisture) have additional advantages at harvest since they can be filled quickly and easily. The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the nutritive value of barley stored under these conditions.

Optimization of drying of low-grade coal with high moisture content using a disc dryer

2014 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 267-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung-Hyun Moon ◽  
In-Soo Ryu ◽  
Seung-Jae Lee ◽  
Tae-In Ohm
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Moisture Content ◽  
High Moisture

Application of self-healing, swellable and biodegradable polymers for wound treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (Sup9a) ◽  
pp. IVi-IVx
Author(s):  
Chukwuma O Agubata ◽  
Mary A Mbah ◽  
Paul A Akpa ◽  
Godwin Ugwu
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Biodegradable Polymers ◽  
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Moisture Uptake ◽  
Folding Endurance

Aim: Self-healing, swellable and biodegradable polymers are vital materials that may facilitate the different stages of wound healing. The aim of this research was to prepare wound healing films using self-healing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), swellable hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), biodegradable polyglycolic acid (PGA) sutures and ciprofloxacin antibiotic for improved treatment outcome. Methods: Films were formulated through aqueous-based mixing of varying amounts of polyvinyl alcohol (10–20% weight/weight (w/w)) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (0.5, 1% w/w) with fixed quantities of ciprofloxacin. PGA sutures were placed as grids within the wet mixtures of the polymers and ciprofloxacin, and thereafter products were air dried. The formulated films were evaluated for swelling ratio, breaking elongation, folding endurance, moisture uptake and loss, compatibility and in vitro antibiotic release. Furthermore, in vivo wound healing was studied using excision model and histopathological examinations. Results: Swelling ratios were above 1.0 and the films were minimally stretchable, with folding endurance greater than 500. Films were stable while moisture uptake and loss were observed to be less than 30%. Among the optimised hydrogel batches, those containing 10% w/w PVA and 1% w/w HPMC with no PGA showed the highest drug release of 73%, whereas the batches with higher PGA content showed higher percentage wound size reduction with minimal scar. The completeness of wound healing with batches containing PVA, HPMC, ciprofloxacin and PGA, along with the standard, is evident considering the massive cornification, regeneration of the epithelial front and stratum spinosum. Conclusion: The findings show that polymer-based multifunctional composite films are suitable for use as dressings for improved wound healing.

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