scholarly journals Study of Alcoholic Extract of Acacia Farnesiana (L.) Willd Pods

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Revati K. Kadam ◽  
◽  
Prajakata V. Khairnar ◽  
Vijay R. Chakote ◽  
Mahesh U. Shinde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Acacia Farnesiana ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Pod Wall ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Identification of bioactive compound from alcoholic extract of Acacia farnesiana leguminosae pods by using preliminary phytochemical test or thin layer chromatography and the quantification of total phenolic content by folin-ciocalteu reagent method. shade dried grounded powder of Acacia farnesiana pods was successively extracted with petroleum ether, chloroform and alcohol in soxhlet apparatus, alcoholic compound obtained in more amount as compare to other two extract so alcoholic extract was used for identification of bioactive compound. The alcoholic extract of leguminosae pods indicates the presence of major bioactive compound. Analysis of the alcoholic extract by TLC have identified naringenin from extract, and the total phenolic content in alcoholic extract was found to be 22%(w/w). Therefore the present study deals with qualitative analysis of alcoholic extract of legumae pericarp (pod wall) of Acacia farnesiana L. In which we analyze various phytochemical which are useful for contoling various diseases TLC method used for identification of the content of naringenin from active extract of Acacia farnesiana pods. It is concluded that, legume pods contain maximum phytoconstituents or phenolic content.

scholarly journals MARKET SAMPLE SURVEY OF CROCUS SATIVUS LINN. TO ASSESS THE GENUINITY FOR USING ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENT AND HIGH-PRESSURE THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY USING DETECTION OF FLAVONOIDS

2019 ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
K. R. ATHIRA ◽  
T. V. BINU
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Objective: Herbalism is a traditional medicine or folk medicine practice based on the use of plants and plant extracts. Many of the drugs used in conventional medicine are dried from herbs. Despite the fluctuation in prices in international markets, saffron was still remained the most expensive spice. The main aim of this study is to examine the antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, high-pressure thin layer chromatography using flavanoid analysis and adulteration detection of saffron. Crocus sativus. Linn is a perennial stemless herb of the Iridaceae family. Saffron stigmas of sample1, sample2, sample3and sample4 are collected from different rates of the market sample from Thrissur district, sample5 collected from the Oushadhi premises, and it is collected from Himachal Pradesh. Methods: In this study detecting the antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, high-pressure thin layer chromatography using flavanoid analysis of different samples of saffron stigmas. The extracts were prepared by using ethanol as a solvent. Results: Safranal is present only in s5 sample. It is the main essential volatile oil responsible for the saffron characteristic such as odour. Phenolic content is varied in different market samples. The amount of phenolic compounds in the saffron extract was determined using the Folin-ciocalteau reagent. Total phenolic content is the help to detect the pure and fake saffron. The phenolic content is higher in S5. Sample S5 showed 0.737 mg/ml phenolic content. Lowest level of phenolic content in sample S3. Sample S3 showed 0.0887 mg/ml phenolic content. Sample S4 showed 0.564 mg/ml total phenolic content. Sample S1 showed 0.416 mg/ml total phenolic content and sample S2 showed 0.267 mg/ml phenolic content. Antioxidant activity is higher in sample s5. and it is different in different market samples. Sample 5 stigma posses higher antioxidant activity. Sample S5 showing 14.88% antioxidant activity in 100 mg/ml concentration, 7.26% in 80 mg/ml concentration, 2.23% in 60 mg/ml concentration, 2.21% in 40 mg/ml and 1.01% in 20 mg/ml concentration. Sample S3 showed the lower antioxidant activity in 0.1% in 60 mg/ml concentration and 0.1% in 80 mg/ml. Ascorbic acid standard showing 14.89% in 100 mg/ml concentration, 7.26% in 80 mg/ml concentration, 4.56% in 60 mg/ml concentration, and 3.1% in 40 mg/ml concentration, and 1% in 20 mg/ml concentration. Flavonoid content is different in different samples. It is present highly present in sample s1 and s5. sample s3 do not contain the Flavanoid. The quality of the samples depend on the price values. Conclusion: The authenticity of saffron is an extremely important matter for the industry and for the consumers in view of security and protection,quality assurance, active properties and last but not least, economic impact. Despite the fluctuation in prices in international markets, saffron was and still remains the most expensive spice. The genuine saffron samples possess higher price value. The fake saffron available in the market with lower price value. The quality of the saffron depends upon the price values. These observations would be of immense value in the botanical identification and standardization of the drug in crude form and would help to distinguish the drug from its other spices.

scholarly journals MARKET SAMPLE SURVEY OF CROCUS SATIVUS LINN. TO ASSESS THE GENUINITY FOR USING ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENT AND HIGH-PRESSURE THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY USING DETECTION OF FLAVONOIDS

2019 ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
K. R. ATHIRA ◽  
T. V. BINU
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Objective: Herbalism is a traditional medicine or folk medicine practice based on the use of plants and plant extracts. Many of the drugs used in conventional medicine are dried from herbs. Despite the fluctuation in prices in international markets, saffron was still remained the most expensive spice. The main aim of this study is to examine the antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, high-pressure thin layer chromatography using flavanoid analysis and adulteration detection of saffron. Crocus sativus. Linn is a perennial stemless herb of the Iridaceae family. Saffron stigmas of sample1, sample2, sample3and sample4 are collected from different rates of the market sample from Thrissur district, sample5 collected from the Oushadhi premises, and it is collected from Himachal Pradesh. Methods: In this study detecting the antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, high-pressure thin layer chromatography using flavanoid analysis of different samples of saffron stigmas. The extracts were prepared by using ethanol as a solvent. Results: Safranal is present only in s5 sample. It is the main essential volatile oil responsible for the saffron characteristic such as odour. Phenolic content is varied in different market samples. The amount of phenolic compounds in the saffron extract was determined using the Folin-ciocalteau reagent. Total phenolic content is the help to detect the pure and fake saffron. The phenolic content is higher in S5. Sample S5 showed 0.737 mg/ml phenolic content. Lowest level of phenolic content in sample S3. Sample S3 showed 0.0887 mg/ml phenolic content. Sample S4 showed 0.564 mg/ml total phenolic content. Sample S1 showed 0.416 mg/ml total phenolic content and sample S2 showed 0.267 mg/ml phenolic content. Antioxidant activity is higher in sample s5. and it is different in different market samples. Sample 5 stigma posses higher antioxidant activity. Sample S5 showing 14.88% antioxidant activity in 100 mg/ml concentration, 7.26% in 80 mg/ml concentration, 2.23% in 60 mg/ml concentration, 2.21% in 40 mg/ml and 1.01% in 20 mg/ml concentration. Sample S3 showed the lower antioxidant activity in 0.1% in 60 mg/ml concentration and 0.1% in 80 mg/ml. Ascorbic acid standard showing 14.89% in 100 mg/ml concentration, 7.26% in 80 mg/ml concentration, 4.56% in 60 mg/ml concentration, and 3.1% in 40 mg/ml concentration, and 1% in 20 mg/ml concentration. Flavonoid content is different in different samples. It is present highly present in sample s1 and s5. sample s3 do not contain the Flavanoid. The quality of the samples depend on the price values. Conclusion: The authenticity of saffron is an extremely important matter for the industry and for the consumers in view of security and protection,quality assurance, active properties and last but not least, economic impact. Despite the fluctuation in prices in international markets, saffron was and still remains the most expensive spice. The genuine saffron samples possess higher price value. The fake saffron available in the market with lower price value. The quality of the saffron depends upon the price values. These observations would be of immense value in the botanical identification and standardization of the drug in crude form and would help to distinguish the drug from its other spices.

scholarly journals Quality, phenolic compound and antioxidant activity of wines from Sangyod rice grain, paddy and husk during fermentation

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 468-472
Author(s):  
Vilailak Klompong
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Fermentation Period

The objective of this study was to utilize husk, byproduct from milling, and paddy of Sangyod rice that rich in bioactive compound to produce value added product as wine by reducing milling step of paddy. Quality changes, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of wines from Sangyod rice grain, paddy and husk were monitored throughout the fermentation period. The acceptance of finished products from consumer drinking wine was also investigated. Alcohol content of three types of wine increased as the fermentation time increased. Paddy wine showed the fastest alcohol production following by rice grain and husk wine, respectively (P<0.05). Generally, total soluble solid and pH of wines decreases as the fermentation time increased. Yeast and mold increased throughout the fermentation time. As the fermentation time increased, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity including DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and metal chelating activity increased throughout the fermentation period (P<0.05) related to total phenolic content. Total phenolic content in three types of wines increased from 32-53 to 125-178 (mg GAE/ml). Generally, paddy wine possessed the highest total phenolic content and antioxidant activities when compared with rice grain and husk wine (P<0.05). From the sensory evaluation including appearance, odor, taste and overall liking, the scores of rice grain and paddy wines were moderate, while the lowest scores in all attributes was observed in husk wine (P<0.05). Rice grain, paddy and husk wines obtained were amber in color (L*=10.11-16.27, a*=8.07-14.91, b*=10.8-12.18). Thus, the changes of quality, total phenolic contents and antioxidant activity of wine during fermentation were governed by raw material used and fermentation time. Additionally, Sangyod rice grain and paddy could be used as potential raw material for wine production and the wines obtained could be served as potential drinks for health, since containing bioactive compound as antioxidant.

scholarly journals Phenol Contents and Antioxidant Activity of Sonokeling (Dalbergia latifolia Roxb) Wood

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Masendra Masendra ◽  
Denny Irawati ◽  
Alamratush Shoolichah Ridlo ◽  
Ganis Lukmandaru
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Wood Extractives ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
High Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenol Composition

Dalbergia latifolia or sonokeling is a native species of Java, Indonesia, used as an important wood for furniture and building materials, due to the high of durability and beautiful color. This study, therefore, aim to investigate the phenol composition, represented by total phenolic,  flavonoid, and flavanol content, as well as antioxidant activity, conducted by DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method on Dalbergia latifolia wood. The sample was extracted using ethanol-toluene solvent in a Soxhlet apparatus, and subsequently subjected to column chromatography. This treatment yielded 12 fractions, which were then evaluated for phenol contents and antioxidant activity. The results showed a high antioxidant activity and total phenolic content in Fr.1- Fr.3, while latifolin was detected and characterized by GC-MS and a literature comparison. Therefore, it was established that the antioxidant activity of D. latifolia wood extractives properly correlated with the total phenolic, but not with the total flavonoid and flavanol contents.

scholarly journals Essential Oil Composition, Total Phenolic Content, and Antioxidant Activity - Determined from Leaves, Flowers and Stems of Origanum Vulgare L. Var. Aureum

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 555-561
Author(s):  
Cristian Moisa ◽  
Lucian Copolovici ◽  
Georgeta Pop ◽  
Andreea Lupitu ◽  
Virgiliu Ciutina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Origanum Vulgare ◽  
Specific Chemical

Abstract Origanum vulgare L. var. aureum is an aromatic medicinal plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family, rich in essential oils and antioxidants. Its specific chemical composition represents an important source of biologically active principles with diverse applications in food products and nutraceuticals. The aim of this study was to determine the differences between chemical composition of volatile oils, phenolic content and antioxidant activity of different plants parts: leaves, flowers, and stems. Essential oils from leaves and flowers had similar compositions with only few differences between γ-terpinene and trans-ß-ocimene. Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity were determined for the hydro-alcoholic extract obtained from post-distillation oregano waste material. The total phenolic content was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and varied from 3173 to 6522 mg GAE/L. The major compounds identified by HPLC were syringic acid, pyrocatechol, and catechin. Furthermore, all extracts showed high antioxidant activity, ranging from 31.3 to 44.5 mg GAE/L, with an inhibition percent varying from 63.1 to 88.6%.

scholarly journals Portuguese Kelps: Feedstock Assessment for the Food Industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 10681
Author(s):  
Diana Pacheco ◽  
Giuseppe Miranda ◽  
Carolina P. Rocha ◽  
Rosinda L. Pato ◽  
João Cotas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Saccharina Latissima ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus

Seaweeds have been incorporated in the daily diet of several human cultures since ancient times, due to their nutritional characteristics and healthy properties. The brown seaweeds Undaria pinnatifida, Saccharina latissima, Sacchoriza polyschides, and Laminaria ochroleuca were collected in the Viana do Castelo (Portugal) bay to assess their proximate composition analysis. As a result, the algal biomass was dried, and its moisture and ash content were determined. The dried biomass was then analyzed for total nitrogen/total protein (using the Kjeldahl method), total fiber content (through fiber analyzer digestion), total lipids (in a Soxhlet apparatus), and fatty acid characterization (by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry). Apart from phosphorus, which was analyzed by spectrophotometry, the ashes were employed for mineral and trace element characterization via dry mineralization and quantified using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Moreover, the total phenolic content was assessed spectrophotometrically by the Folin-Ciocalteu method in the algal aqueous extracts. Analyses showed that their protein concentrations ranged from 12 to 24% dry weight (DW), while lipid concentrations varied between 0.51% and 1.52% DW. Regarding the carbohydrate concentration in these seaweeds, a concentration between 48% and 60% DW was observed. The S. polyschides had the highest overall total phenolic content (6.19 × 10−3 g GAE/100 g of dried algae), while L. ochroleuca had the lowest amount (3.72 × 10−3 g GAE/100 g of dried algae). U. pinnatifida had the highest total fatty acid content (35.13 mg/g DW), whereas S. latissima presented the lowest value (22.59 mg/g DW). Significant concentrations of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) were observed in both seaweeds, with U. pinnatifida having the highest value (10.20 mg/g DW) and S. latissima the lowest content (4.81 mg/g DW). It is also highlighted that these seaweeds have a nutritional relevance as a source of essential nutrients, including nitrogen, potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, and iron.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening and Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Justicia procumbans leaf

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
MY Agrawal ◽  
◽  
YP Agrawal ◽  
SK Arora ◽  
P Lahange ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract

Objective: To perform Phytochemical Screening and Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity of hydroalcoholic extract Justicia procumbans leaf. Methods: Proximate analysis in terms of ash value, extractive value was performed as per the standard method. Presence of secondary metabolites in the extract of Justicia procumbans was performed through various chemical tests. Folin-Ciocalteu assay method was used to determine total phenolic content and the in-vitro antioxidant activity was investigated in a dose-dependent manner with the 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydrogen peroxide free radical scavenging method. Results: Present studies revealed that the hydro-alcoholic extract of leaf contains secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, carbohydrates, proteins, and tannins. Total phenolic content was found to be 79.32±0.02 mg/gm by using the Linear Equation. IC50 value by DPPH and H2O2 methods was found to be 68.83µg/ml and 56.02 µg/ml respectively. Conclusion: It has been observed that the plant has high phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. Therefore his plant can be the potent source of natural antioxidants as compared to synthetic compounds.

scholarly journals SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENT FOR STANDARDIZATION OF VARIOUS PHYLLANTHUS SPECIES

2019 ◽  
pp. 297-301
Author(s):  
Rakhi Khabiya
Keyword(s):  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Alcoholic Extract

Objective: This study aims at comparison of total phenolic content of ethanolic extract of various species of Phyllanthus available in Gujarat state by spectrophotometric method. Methods : The total phenolic content was determined quantitatively using the Folin Ciocalteu reagent, with Gallic acid as standard. Results: The total phenolic content in methanolic extract of various Phyllanthus species  ranged from 41.801 to 87.542 mg/g of dry weight of extract, expressed as gallic acid equivalents. Phyllanthus urinaria was found to have highest phenolic content and Phyllanthus acidus  was found to have lowest phenolic content . Conclusion: The total phenolic content will be helpful for developing new drugs and standardizing the various Phyllanthus species particularly morphological similar species. The presence of a high total phenolic content shows that the alcoholic extract of Phyllanthus may possess antioxidant properties, which could lead to a new field of research in the future.

ANALYSIS OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS OF Caulerpa recemosa, Sargassum sp. AND Gracillaria verrucosa USING DIFFERENT SOLVENTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (4-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arham Rusli ◽  
Metusalach Metusalach ◽  
Mulyati Muhammad Tahir ◽  
Salengke Salengke ◽  
Syamsuar Syamsuar
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Marine Waters ◽  
Total Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
Layer Chromatography

This study aimed to analyze the bioactive compounds of Caulerpa recemosa, Sargassum sp., and Gracillaria verrucosa from Makssar Strait using three different solvents i.e. acetone, ethanol , and methanol. Samples of the seaweed C. recemosa collected from marine waters of Takalar regency, while Sargassum sp. and G. verrucosa were collected from marine waters of Pangkep regency which is part of the Makassar Strait. Seaweed crude extract qualitatively analyzed using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). The treatment applied in this studi is Sargassum sp. with acetone solvent, Sargassum sp. with ethanol solvent, Sargassum sp. with methanol solvent, C. recemosa with acetone solvent, C. recemosa with ethanol solvent, C. recemosa with methanol solvent, G. verrucosa with acetone solvent, G. verrucosa with ethanol solvent, and G. verrucosa with methanol solvent. Parameters measure were the total extract yield, total phenolic content and phytochemical compound of seaweed crude extrac. The result showed that the content of bioactive compounds crude extract of seaweed is affected by the species of seaweed and solvents used in extraction process. The crude extract of C. recemosa produces better bioactive compounds than the crude extract of G. verrucosa and Sargassum sp. as shown by the yield and total phenolic content of crude extract. The best solvent used in extracting bioactive compounds of C. recemosa is methanol. Identified phytochemical compounds from the crude extract of C. recemosa, are flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and phenols.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening and High-performance Thin-layer Chromatography Quantification of Vitex trifolia Leaves Hydro-alcoholic Extract: Potential Anti-inflammatory Properties

2021 ◽  
pp. 111-121
Author(s):  
Ahmad Tamim Ghafari ◽  
Aisyah Hasyila Jahidin ◽  
Yuslina Zakaria ◽  
Mizaton Hazizul Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Hptlc Method

Aims: The present study aims to evaluate the phytochemical composition of Vitex trifolia (V. trifolia) leaves hydro-alcoholic extract and to report for the first time, its phenolic content using a validated high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method. Study Design:  Qualitative phytochemical analysis and HTLC densitometric quantitative analysis. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Malaysia, from March 2020 to December 2020. Methodology:  The preliminary phytochemical screening was carried out qualitatively. The HPTLC analysis was performed on glass-backed 60 F254 silica gel plates using a two steps gradient elution method of the mobile phase. In the first step, methanol was used to develop the plates until 40 mm of developing distance, while in the second step, plates were developed with n-hexane:ethyl acetate:acetic acid (20:9:1, v/v/v) until 80 mm of developing distance. Detection and quantification were performed by densitometric analysis at 254 nm. The method was validated as per the International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) guideline in terms of linearity, precision, accuracy, the limit of detection (LOD), and the limit of quantification (LOQ). Results: The preliminary phytochemical screening of V. trifolia leaves hydro-alcoholic extract showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, phytosterols, and terpenoids. The developed HPTLC method was proved to be linear, precise, and accurate. The LOD and LOQ of the method were determined to be 2.01 µg/band and 6.08 µg/band, respectively. The total phenolic content of the extract was calculated from the standard gallic acid calibration plot and found to be 136.94 ± 4.02 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g of dried extract. Conclusion:  This preliminary study revealed that V. trifolia has a considerable amount of phenolic compounds, which can potentially contribute to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. Further pharmacological investigations are being carried out to support the folkloric claims.

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