scholarly journals Formulation and Performance Evaluation of Calendula Officinalis Linn Extract Loaded Ethosomal Cream

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 462-474
Author(s):  
Archana R. Dhole ◽  
◽  
Khushabu M. Mulla ◽  
Sushmita S. Salunkhe ◽  
Komal S. Talekar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Calendula Officinalis ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
The World ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
And Performance

Among the various species of the genus Calendula, C. officinalis is the only one, which is extensively used clinically throughout the world. Pharmacological studies reveal that C. officinalis exhibits antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and antioxidant properties, helps promote the healing of minor burns, scrapes and skin irritations and relieves sunburn and minor cuts. The objective of this study was to optimize conditions for encapsulating Calendula officinalis Linn extract. Thus a novel approach to effectively treat wrinkles, helps promote the healing of minor burns, scrapes and skin irritations and relieves sunburn and minor cuts by delivery of an antioxidant using a special lipid vesicular carrier, the Ethosomal cream was prepared.

Design and Performance Evaluation of a Proactive Micro Mobility Protocol for Mobile Networks

2010 ◽  
pp. 328-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhananjay Singh ◽  
Hoon-Jae Lee
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Time Delay ◽  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Mathematical Analysis ◽  
Packet Loss ◽  
Optimal Rate ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Micro Mobility ◽  
Cellular Ip ◽  
And Performance

This chapter introduces the Proactive Micro Mobility (PMM) Protocol for the optimization of network load. We present a novel approach to design and analyze IP micro-mobility protocols. The cellular Micro Mobility Protocol provides passive connectivity in an intra domain. The PMM Protocol optimizes miss-routed packet loss in Cellular IP under handoff conditions and during time delay. A comparison is made between the PMM Protocol and the Cellular IP showing that they offer equivalent performance in terms of higher bit rates and optimum value. A mathematical analysis shows that the PMM Protocol performs better than the Cellular IP at 1 MHz clock speed and 128 kbps down link bit rate. The simulation shows that a short route updating time is required in order to guarantee accuracy in mobile unit tracking. The optimal rate of packet loss in the PMM Protocol in a Cellular IP are analyzes route update time. The results show that no miss-routed packets are found during handoff.

scholarly journals Ballast Contamination Mechanisms: A Criterial Review of Characterisation and Performance Indicators

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Daniel Bassey ◽  
Ben Ngene ◽  
Isaac Akinwumi ◽  
Victor Akpan ◽  
Gideon Bamigboye
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Maintenance Costs ◽  
Track Maintenance ◽  
Fundamental Parameters ◽  
Particle Fragmentation ◽  
The World ◽  
And Performance

Across the world, ballasted railway tracks are utilised extensively due to their cost efficiency, ease of drainage, and capacity to withstand cyclic imposed loadings from heavy trains. In spite of these benefits, the ballast is often considered as a flexible medium; as such, its continuous deterioration is largely disregarded. Geotechnical challenges such as ballast contamination in the form of particle fragmentation, deposition of weathered materials, upward pumping of clay and fines from underlayers, and coal intrusion have led to differential settlements and reduced drainability of tracks, thereby exacerbating track maintenance costs. This study reviews existing works of literature to expound on the mechanisms for ballast contamination and to highlight the fundamental parameters that guide the characterisation and performance evaluation of railway ballasts. The study shows that ballast fragmentation accounts for about 76% of commonly recorded contaminations, while it is also observed as the most critical to track stability. As such, a variety of indices and specifications for ballast gradation have been established worldwide to guide practice in ballast characterisation and performance evaluation. However, the mechanisms of ballast fragmentation and deterioration require further research to guide the improvement of contemporary guidelines, and mitigate the risk of abrupt track failures, especially in developing countries.

scholarly journals Design, Fabrication and Performance Evaluation of Chicken De-Feathering Machine

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 703-711
Author(s):  
Adefuye O.A ◽  
Adedeji K.A ◽  
Fadipe L.O
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Electric Motor ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Calorie Content ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Design Calculations ◽  
The Right ◽  
Rotating Plate

Due to its low fat and calorie content, chicken meat is popular among non-vegetarians all over the world. The design, fabrication, and performance evaluation of a chicken de-feathering machine using locally available materials are described in this paper. The design calculations were done correctly to guarantee the right shaft diameter, as this might impact the machine's efficiency. The machine uses rubber fingers to do the actual removal of the feathers. The rubber fingers are attached to a rotating plate against a stationary plucking basin carrying protruding rubber fingers. From the analysis, a 1.0 H.P electric motor is required to drive the machine and this was used to drive the machine. Following the design and fabrication of the machine, three different types of chickens were used to test its performance. The chickens were immersed in hot water between 60 and 90 degrees Celsius and held between the 40s and 60s. The machine removed feathers without any major damage to the chickens. At each trial, the efficiency was calculated. In conclusion, the machine performed efficiently and effectively, leaving behind products that are readily marketable. Keywords: [Chicken, De-feathering, Efficiency. Fingers, Scalding, Rubber.]

scholarly journals Pharmacology of Xanthium species. A review

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 126-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surriya Amin ◽  
◽  
Barkatullah ◽  
Haroon Khan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Xanthium Strumarium ◽  
In Vitro Experiments ◽  
Traditional Uses ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
The World ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The genus Xanthium (Family Asteraceae) is represented by 25 species that are widely distributed in the world. Only a few species such as Xanthium strumarium and Xanthium spinosum, are studied for different pharmacological and phytochemical activities. These species has shown analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antiarthritic, cytotoxic, anti-angiogenesis an d antiviral etc. in various established in-vivo and in-vitro experiments. Further studies are required to explore the therapeutic potential of already reported activities in term of clinical utility as well as the phytochemical and pharmacological studies on remaining species in the light of traditional uses.

Performance Evaluation of Routing Metrics in Wireless Multi-Hop Networks

2016 ◽  
pp. 85-104
Author(s):  
Usman Ashraf ◽  
Syed Salman Haider Rizvi ◽  
Mohammad Faisal Azeem
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Routing Metrics ◽  
Hop Count ◽  
Ieee 802.11N ◽  
The World ◽  
And Performance

In the world of wireless communication technologies, the new standard IEEE 802.11n (MIMO) has revolutionized the available wireless bandwidth. Significant industrial and academic research has been initiated on this new technology around the world. Moreover, international as well as local manufacturers are highly interested in commercialization and performance improvement of this new technology. This is a research project in which we will perform comprehensive benchmarking of IEEE 802.11n in wireless multi-hop environments. In this project we evaluate the performance of routing metrics: Hop Count (HC) and Expected Transmission Count (ETX) on a test bed at A-Block Air University.

scholarly journals Can Natural Polyphenols Help in Reducing Cytokine Storm in COVID-19 Patients?

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (24) ◽  
pp. 5888
Author(s):  
Giovanna Giovinazzo ◽  
Carmela Gerardi ◽  
Caterina Uberti-Foppa ◽  
Lucia Lopalco
Keyword(s):  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Cytokine Release ◽  
Cytokine Release Syndrome ◽  
Natural Polyphenols ◽  
The World ◽  
Great Progress ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Bioactive Phytochemicals ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

SARS-CoV-2 first emerged in China during late 2019 and rapidly spread all over the world. Alterations in the inflammatory cytokines pathway represent a strong signature during SARS-COV-2 infection and correlate with poor prognosis and severity of the illness. The hyper-activation of the immune system results in an acute severe systemic inflammatory response named cytokine release syndrome (CRS). No effective prophylactic or post-exposure treatments are available, although some anti-inflammatory compounds are currently in clinical trials. Studies of plant extracts and natural compounds show that polyphenols can play a beneficial role in the prevention and the progress of chronic diseases related to inflammation. The aim of this manuscript is to review the published background on the possible effectiveness of polyphenols to fight SARS-COV-2 infection, contributing to the reduction of inflammation. Here, some of the anti-inflammatory therapies are discussed and although great progress has been made though this year, there is no proven cytokine blocking agents for COVID currently used in clinical practice. In this regard, bioactive phytochemicals such as polyphenols may become promising tools to be used as adjuvants in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Such nutrients, with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, associated to classical anti-inflammatory drugs, could help in reducing the inflammation in patients with COVID-19.

scholarly journals Construction and performance evaluation of a conventional solar distiller

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abderrahmane Khechekhouche ◽  
Nabil Elsharif ◽  
Imad Kermerchou ◽  
Ali Sadoun
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Solar Distillation ◽  
The World ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Simple Economic

The distillation of water has become a necessity to reduce the demand for drinking water and many of the poor regions in the world do not have the means to have this technique therefore they use solar distillation, which is a simple economic and environmental technique . This technique suffers from low productivity, which is why researchers are trying to improve solar stills. In this work we show the choice of prototype distillers and we also show the technique of the study followed by researchers in this field.

scholarly journals Essential Oils in Livestock: From Health to Food Quality

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 330
Author(s):  
Ralph Nehme ◽  
Sonia Andrés ◽  
Renato B. Pereira ◽  
Meriem Ben Jemaa ◽  
Said Bouhallab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Plant Essential Oils ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
And Performance

Using plant essential oils (EOs) contributes to the growing number of natural plants’ applications in livestock. Scientific data supporting the efficacy of EOs as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antioxidant molecules accumulates over time; however, the cumulative evidence is not always sufficient. EOs antioxidant properties have been investigated mainly from human perspectives. Still, so far, our review is the first to combine the beneficial supporting properties of EOs in a One Health approach and as an animal product quality enhancer, opening new possibilities for their utilization in the livestock and nutrition sectors. We aim to compile the currently available data on the main anti-inflammatory effects of EOs, whether encapsulated or not, with a focus on mammary gland inflammation. We will also review the EOs’ antioxidant activities when given in the diet or as a food preservative to counteract oxidative stress. We emphasize EOs’ in vitro and in vivo ruminal microbiota and mechanisms of action to promote animal health and performance. Given the concept of DOHaD (Developmental Origin of Health and Diseases), supplementing animals with EOs in early life opens new perspectives in the nutrition sector. However, effective evaluation of the significant safety components is required before extending their use to livestock and veterinary medicine.

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