scholarly journals Pharmacology of Xanthium species. A review

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 126-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surriya Amin ◽  
◽  
Barkatullah ◽  
Haroon Khan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Xanthium Strumarium ◽  
In Vitro Experiments ◽  
Traditional Uses ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
The World ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The genus Xanthium (Family Asteraceae) is represented by 25 species that are widely distributed in the world. Only a few species such as Xanthium strumarium and Xanthium spinosum, are studied for different pharmacological and phytochemical activities. These species has shown analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antiarthritic, cytotoxic, anti-angiogenesis an d antiviral etc. in various established in-vivo and in-vitro experiments. Further studies are required to explore the therapeutic potential of already reported activities in term of clinical utility as well as the phytochemical and pharmacological studies on remaining species in the light of traditional uses.

scholarly journals In Vitro Evaluation of the Anti-Inflammatory Effect of KMUP-1 and in Vivo Analysis of Its Therapeutic Potential in Osteoarthritis

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 615
Author(s):  
Shang-En Huang ◽  
Erna Sulistyowati ◽  
Yu-Ying Chao ◽  
Bin-Nan Wu ◽  
Zen-Kong Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative arthropathy that is mainly characterized by dysregulation of inflammatory responses. KMUP-1, a derived chemical synthetic of xanthine, has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Here, we aimed to investigate the in vitro anti-inflammatory and in vivo anti-osteoarthritis effects of KMUP-1. Protein and gene expressions of inflammation markers were determined by ELISA, Western blotting and microarray, respectively. RAW264.7 mouse macrophages were cultured and pretreated with KMUP-1 (1, 5, 10 μM). The productions of TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-2 and MMP- 9 were reduced by KMUP-1 pretreatment in LPS-induced inflammation of RAW264.7 cells. The expressions of iNOS, TNF-α, COX-2, MMP-2 and MMP-9 were also inhibited by KMUP-1 pretreatment. The gene expression levels of TNF and COX families were also downregulated. In addition, KMUP-1 suppressed the activations of ERK, JNK and p38 as well as phosphorylation of IκBα/NF-κB signaling pathways. Furthermore, SIRT1 inhibitor attenuated the inhibitory effect of KMUP-1 in LPS-induced NF-κB activation. In vivo study showed that KMUP-1 reduced mechanical hyperalgesia in monoiodoacetic acid (MIA)-induced rats OA. Additionally, KMUP-1 pretreatment reduced the serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in MIA-injected rats. Moreover, macroscopic and histological observation showed that KMUP-1 reduced articular cartilage erosion in rats. Our results demonstrated that KMUP-1 inhibited the inflammatory responses and restored SIRT1 in vitro, alleviated joint-related pain and cartilage destruction in vivo. Taken together, KMUP-1 has the potential to improve MIA-induced articular cartilage degradation by inhibiting the levels and expression of inflammatory mediators suggesting that KMUP-1 might be a potential therapeutic agent for OA.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Daturaolone from Datura innoxia Mill.: In Silico, In Vitro and In Vivo Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 1248
Author(s):  
Muhammad Waleed Baig ◽  
Humaira Fatima ◽  
Nosheen Akhtar ◽  
Hidayat Hussain ◽  
Mohammad K. Okla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Metabolic Reaction ◽  
Datura Innoxia ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Exploration of leads with therapeutic potential in inflammatory disorders is worth pursuing. In line with this, the isolated natural compound daturaolone from Datura innoxia Mill. was evaluated for its anti-inflammatory potential using in silico, in vitro and in vivo models. Daturaolone follows Lipinski’s drug-likeliness rule with a score of 0.33. Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity prediction show strong plasma protein binding; gastrointestinal absorption (Caco-2 cells permeability = 34.6 nm/s); no blood–brain barrier penetration; CYP1A2, CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 metabolism; a major metabolic reaction, being aliphatic hydroxylation; no hERG inhibition; and non-carcinogenicity. Predicted molecular targets were mainly inflammatory mediators. Molecular docking depicted H-bonding interaction with nuclear factor kappa beta subunit (NF-κB), cyclooxygenase-2, 5-lipoxygenase, phospholipase A2, serotonin transporter, dopamine receptor D1 and 5-hydroxy tryptamine. Its cytotoxicity (IC50) value in normal lymphocytes was >20 µg/mL as compared to cancer cells (Huh7.5; 17.32 ± 1.43 µg/mL). Daturaolone significantly inhibited NF-κB and nitric oxide production with IC50 values of 1.2 ± 0.8 and 4.51 ± 0.92 µg/mL, respectively. It significantly reduced inflammatory paw edema (81.73 ± 3.16%), heat-induced pain (89.47 ± 9.01% antinociception) and stress-induced depression (68 ± 9.22 s immobility time in tail suspension test). This work suggests a possible anti-inflammatory role of daturaolone; however, detailed mechanistic studies are still necessary to corroborate and extrapolate the findings.

scholarly journals Biocompatible N-acetyl-nanoconstruct alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in vivo

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seongchan Kim ◽  
Shin Young Kim ◽  
Seung Joon Rho ◽  
Seung Hoon Kim ◽  
So Hyang Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Intratracheal Instillation ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

AbstractOxidative stress plays important roles in inflammatory responses during acute lung injury (ALI). Recently, nanoconstruct (Nano)-based drug-delivery systems have shown promise in many models of inflammation. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) loaded in a biocompatible Nano using a rat model of ALI. We synthesized a Nano with a good NAC-releasing capacity using porous silica Nano, which was used to produce Nano/NAC complexes. For in vivo experiments, Sprague–Dawley rats were intraperitoneally administered NAC or Nano/NAC 30 min after intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide. After 6 h, bronchoalveolar lavage fluids and lung tissues were collected. The anti-oxidative effect of the Nano/NAC complex was confirmed by demonstrating reduced levels of reactive oxygen species after treatment with the Nano/NAC in vitro. In vivo experiments also showed that the Nano/NAC treatment may protect against LPS‐induced ALI thorough anti‐oxidative and anti‐inflammatory effects, which may be attributed to the inactivation of the NF‐κB and MAPK pathways. In addition, the effects of Nano/NAC treatment were shown to be superior to those of NAC alone. We suggest the therapeutic potential of Nano/NAC treatment as an anti‐inflammatory agent against ALI. Furthermore, our study can provide basic data for developing nanotechnology-based pharmacotherapeutics for ALI.

scholarly journals The Potential Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Brucea javanica (L.) Merr.

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Sisi Mustika ◽  
Sri Oktavia ◽  
Ifora Ifora
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Initial Response ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Brucea Javanica ◽  
Ppar Γ ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Inflammation is the initial response to acute and chronic tissue damage, which is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain. Natural products derived from plants have specific pharmacological activity and minimal side effects. Brucea javanica is a plant that has an anti-inflammatory effect, this plant contains alkaloid and flavonoid compounds. Flavonoids have the ability to block cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase while alkaloids as an anti-inflammatory are thought to work by inhibiting prostaglandin H2 PGH2 which is an inflammatory mediator. From the data obtained, there is no complete literature that reviews its use as an anti-inflammatory. The search databases used are as follows: Pubmed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar to study the anti-inflammatory activity of Brucea javanica. All recent research articles were published between 2010 to 2021. Based on eligibility, 4 studies were included in this study, consisting of 2 In vivo studies and 2 In vitro and In vivo studies. A series of pharmacological studies have reported that Brucea javanica can block the Nf-kB signaling pathway and decrease the production of inflammatory mediators. It has been reported to be able to inhibit the production of NO, PGE2, TNF-, IL-1β, IL-18IL-23, COX-2, NF-κB, IFN-γ, IL-6, the levels of MPO (Myeloperoxidase), reducing the edema and induce the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-4, IL-10 and TGF-β). Brucea javanica also markedly activates Nrf2 expression suppressing the inflammatory response-mediated NLRP3 and NF-κB activation. In addition, the elevated mRNA expression of MMP-1, MMP-3 and RAGE was remarkably inhibited by Brucea javanica, while the mRNA expression of PPAR-γ was significantly enhanced. In vitro and in vivo studies strongly indicate that Brucea javanica has the potential as an anti-inflammatory.

Chyavanprash: Choice of Drug for immunity boosting and health supplements during COVID -19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1346-1350
Author(s):  
Bharat Rathi ◽  
Renu Rathi ◽  
Vinod Ade ◽  
Akshay Pargaonkar
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Common People ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
Made In ◽  
Health Supplements

Chyavanprash a known Ayurvedic formulation formulated by sage Chyavan to impart youth, charm, strength & prolonged life. It is very much valued for possessing numerous health benefits with respect to the preventive, curative and promotive aspects of health. Chyavanprash can be consumed throughout the year. Several scientific evidences support its wholesome and safe healthy tonic status that is favorable for all age groups and genders alike. In modern days, it has gained mammoth popularity throughout the world. CP is prepared with Amalaki (Emblica officinalis) as a prime drug with other nutrient rich herbs help to preserve stamina, strength and vitality. Various pre clinical (in vivo & in vitro), Experimental, Analytical and clinical studies conducted on CP and its individual components revealed its various pharmacological activities most of which are suggestive of immunity enhancer and health supplements. Hence an attempt is made in the present paper to find out and explore the scientific evidences based on therapeutic potential of CP with respect to immunity and health supplements and make evidences available to the common people to combat the COVID-19 menace effectively.

scholarly journals Imperata cylindrica: A Review of Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Industrial Applications

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1454
Author(s):  
Young-Kyung Jung ◽  
Dongyun Shin
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pharmacological Studies

Imperata cylindrica is a medicinal plant native to southwestern Asia and the tropical and subtropical zones. To date, 72 chemical constituents have been isolated and identified from I. cylindrica Among these compounds, saponins, flavonoids, phenols, and glycosides are the major constituents. Investigations of pharmacological activities of I. cylindrica revealed that this edible medicinal herb exhibits a wide range of therapeutic potential including immunomodulatory, antibacterial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and liver protection activities both in vivo and in vitro. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of I. cylindrica studies until 2019. This article also intends to review advances in the botanical, phytochemical, and pharmacological studies and industrial applications of I. cylindrica, which will provide a useful bibliography for further investigations and applications of I. cylindrica in medicines and foods.

scholarly journals Cannabis sativa and Skin Health: Dissecting the Role of Phytocannabinoids

Planta Medica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Martinelli ◽  
Andrea Magnavacca ◽  
Marco Fumagalli ◽  
Mario DellʼAgli ◽  
Stefano Piazza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Skin Disorders ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

AbstractThe use of Cannabis sativa is currently recognized to ease certain types of chronic pain, reduce chemotherapy-induced nausea, and improve anxiety. Nevertheless, few studies highlighted the therapeutic potential of C. sativa extracts and related phytocannabinoids for a variety of widespread skin disorders including acne, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, pruritus, and pain. This review summarized the current evidence on the effects of phytocannabinoids at the cutaneous level through the collection of in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies published on PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science until October 2020. Phytocannabinoids have demonstrated potential anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-aging, and anti-acne properties by various mechanisms involving either CB1/2-dependent and independent pathways. Not only classical immune cells, but also several skin-specific actors, such as keratinocytes, fibroblasts, melanocytes, and sebocytes, may represent a target for phytocannabinoids. Cannabidiol, the most investigated compound, revealed photoprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory mechanisms at the cutaneous level, while the possible impact on cell differentiation, especially in the case of psoriasis, would require further investigation. Animal models and pilot clinical studies supported the application of cannabidiol in inflammatory-based skin diseases. Also, one of the most promising applications of non-psychotropic phytocannabinoids is the treatment of seborrheic disorders, especially acne. In conclusion, the incomplete knowledge of the role of the endocannabinoid system in skin disorders emerged as an important limit for pharmacological investigations. Moreover, the limited studies conducted on C. sativa extracts suggested a higher potency than single phytocannabinoids, thus stimulating new research on phytocannabinoid interaction.

scholarly journals Corylin Ameliorates LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury via Suppressing the MAPKs and IL-6/STAT3 Signaling Pathways

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1046
Author(s):  
I-Chen Chen ◽  
Shu-Chi Wang ◽  
Yi-Ting Chen ◽  
Hsin-Han Tseng ◽  
Po-Len Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Associated Proteins ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a high mortality disease with acute inflammation. Corylin is a compound isolated from the whole plant of Psoralea corylifolia L. and has been reported to have anti-inflammatory activities. Herein, we investigated the therapeutic potential of corylin on lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced ALI, both in vitro and in vivo. The levels of proinflammatory cytokine secretions were analyzed by ELISA; the expressions of inflammation-associated proteins were detected using Western blot; and the number of immune cell infiltrations in the bronchial alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were detected by multicolor flow cytometry and lung tissues by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, respectively. Experimental results indicated that corylin attenuated LPS-induced IL-6 production in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC3-KT cells). In intratracheal LPS-induced ALI mice, corylin attenuated tissue damage, suppressed inflammatory cell infiltration, and decreased IL-6 and TNF-α secretions in the BALF and serum. Moreover, it further inhibited the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), including p-JNK, p-ERK, p-p38, and repressed the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in lungs. Collectively, our results are the first to demonstrate the anti-inflammatory effects of corylin on LPS-induced ALI and suggest corylin has significant potential as a novel therapeutic agent for ALI.

scholarly journals Carvacrol, a Plant Metabolite Targeting Viral Protease (Mpro) and ACE2 in Host Cells Can Be a Possible Candidate for COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayate Javed ◽  
Mohamed Fizur Nagoor Meeran ◽  
Niraj Kumar Jha ◽  
Shreesh Ojha
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Plasma Therapy ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The recent outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) started in December 2019, resulting in the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic. Coronaviruses are solely accountable for rising mortality and socioeconomic saddles. Presently, there are few repurposed drugs such as remdesivir or favipiravir approved for the treatment of COVID-19, although vaccines and plasma therapy is also subject to emergency approval. However, some potential natural treatments and cures have also been proposed. Molecules of natural origin showed therapeutic importance such as antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity, and could be useful drug candidates for treating COVID-19. In recent years, essential oils have shown promising therapeutic effects against many viral diseases. Carvacrol is one of the monoterpene phenol with abundant presence in essential oils of many aromatic plants, including thyme and oregano. It is being used as food flavoring, additive, and preservatives. Carvacrol is also used as a fragrance in cosmetic products. A number of research studies have shown biological actions of carvacrol with its therapeutic potential is of clinical significance. The in vitro and in vivo studies have shown multiple pharmacological properties such as anticancer, anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, vasorelaxant, hepatoprotective, and spasmolytic. This review highlights the various biological and pharmacological properties of carvacrol within the scope of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Phytochemical investigation, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and antinociceptive activities of Zanthoxylum armatum DC extracts-in vivo and in vitro experiments

Heliyon ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. e05571
Author(s):  
Fiaz Alam ◽  
Kinza Mohammad Din ◽  
Rukhba Rasheed ◽  
Abdul Sadiq ◽  
Muhammad Saeed Jan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Experiments ◽  
Zanthoxylum Armatum ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Anti Inflammatory
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