scholarly journals The Role of Ethnomedicinal Plants for Treatment and Management of Diabetes Mellitus: An Updated Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (07) ◽  
pp. 1014-1049
Author(s):  
Rakesh K Sindhu ◽  
◽  
Balraj Saini ◽  
Prabhjot Kaur ◽  
Gaber El-Saber Batiha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Treatment Mode ◽  
Significant Treatment

Diabetes mellitus is one of the prominent metabolic disorders nowadays worldwide and it is characterized by an increase in blood glucose, disturbances in metabolism, and alteration in insulin secretion. Nowadays, phytopharmaceuticals have become a significant treatment mode for diabetes, and bioactive compounds have expanded an increasing amount of consideration to this end for they have multiple biological potentials, including the sustained secretion of insulin and revival of pancreatic islets cells. In this review article, we explained the role of bioactive compounds in the treatment and management of diabetes and their mechanisms in prevention.

scholarly journals Potential Of Sambung Nyawa Leaves (Gynura Procumbens) As An Antidiabetic Medicine

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
Mustofa
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Antidiabetic Therapy ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by an increase in blood sugardue to defects in insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity, or both. The number ofpeople with diabetes mellitus in Indonesia has increased every year. The numberof people with diabetes is 6.9% in 2013 to 10.9% in 2018. Various therapies have beencarried out for the treatment of Diabetes Mellitus, one of which is herbal therapy.Gynura Procumbens is a plant that is widely used as a treatment for diabetes mellitus,kidney, rash and fever, and hypertension. The flavonoid content in GynuraProcumben replaces the decrease in blood sugar. This review article attempts toexplain the role of Gynura Procumbens as an antidiabetic therapy in previous studies.The method used in this article is through searching articles through the NCBIdatabase and Google Scholar. The results of an article search found that GynuraProcumben has antidiabetic potential which can reduce blood sugar in patients withDiabetes Mellitus

Role of Rhizome Powder of Turmeric in the management of Madhumeha w.s.r. to Diabetes Mellitus - A Case Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krup Vasavda ◽  
Hegde Prakash L ◽  
Harini A.
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Protein Metabolism ◽  
Metabolic Disorder ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Single Drug ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Relative Deficiency

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by chronic hyperglycemia associated with disturbances of carbohydrates, fat, protein metabolism due to absolute or relative deficiency in insulin secretion, that metabolic disorder is considered as the Madhumeha in Ayurveda based on their symptoms. It is one of the types of Vataja Prameha. It results from various etiological factors. Here objective was to evaluate the efficacy of Ayurveda treatment in management of Madhumeha. A 35years old male came to SDM College of Ayurveda Hospital Kayachikitsa special OPD with complaint of Prabhoothamutra, Karapada Daha, Avila Mutrata and Kshudaathi Pravrthi. Examination, investigations and history leads to diabetes mellitus. So patient was treated with Haridra Choorna, Pathya, Apathya and Yogasananas. Ayurveda treatment has effective results in the management of Madhumeha by single drug administration orally.

The role of metabolites of steviol glycosides and their glucosylated derivatives against diabetes-related metabolic disorders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqi Li ◽  
wanfang zhu ◽  
Jing Cai ◽  
Wenyuan Liu ◽  
Toshihiro Akihisa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Protein Metabolism ◽  
Metabolic Disorder ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Steviol Glycosides

Diabetes mellitus (DM), characterized by abnormal carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism, is a metabolic disorder caused by shortage of insulin secretion or decreased sensitivity of target cells to insulin. In...

scholarly journals Functional Role of Serotonin in Insulin Secretion in a Diet-Induced Insulin-Resistant State

Endocrinology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 156 (2) ◽  
pp. 444-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyuho Kim ◽  
Chang-Myung Oh ◽  
Mica Ohara-Imaizumi ◽  
Sangkyu Park ◽  
Jun Namkung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Pancreas Perfusion ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Resistant State ◽  
Insulin Resistant State

The physiological role of serotonin, or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), in pancreatic β-cell function was previously elucidated using a pregnant mouse model. During pregnancy, 5-HT increases β-cell proliferation and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) through the Gαq-coupled 5-HT2b receptor (Htr2b) and the 5-HT3 receptor (Htr3), a ligand-gated cation channel, respectively. However, the role of 5-HT in β-cell function in an insulin-resistant state has yet to be elucidated. Here, we characterized the metabolic phenotypes of β-cell-specific Htr2b−/− (Htr2b βKO), Htr3a−/− (Htr3a knock-out [KO]), and β-cell-specific tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (Tph1)−/− (Tph1 βKO) mice on a high-fat diet (HFD). Htr2b βKO, Htr3a KO, and Tph1 βKO mice exhibited normal glucose tolerance on a standard chow diet. After 6 weeks on an HFD, beginning at 4 weeks of age, both Htr3a KO and Tph1 βKO mice developed glucose intolerance, but Htr2b βKO mice remained normoglycemic. Pancreas perfusion assays revealed defective first-phase insulin secretion in Htr3a KO mice. GSIS was impaired in islets isolated from HFD-fed Htr3a KO and Tph1 βKO mice, and 5-HT treatment improved insulin secretion from Tph1 βKO islets but not from Htr3a KO islets. Tph1 and Htr3a gene expression in pancreatic islets was not affected by an HFD, and immunostaining could not detect 5-HT in pancreatic islets from mice fed an HFD. Taken together, these results demonstrate that basal 5-HT levels in β-cells play a role in GSIS through Htr3, which becomes more evident in a diet-induced insulin-resistant state.

Nitric oxide donor SIN-1 inhibits insulin release

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (4) ◽  
pp. C1098-C1102 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sjoholm
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Protein Kinase C ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Insulin Release ◽  
Kinase C ◽  
Stimulus Secretion Coupling

Preceding the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, pancreatic islets are infiltrated by macrophages secreting interleukin-1 beta, which exerts cytotoxic and inhibitory actions on islet beta-cell insulin secretion through induction of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis. The influence of the NO donor 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1) on insulin secretion from isolated pancreatic islets in response to various secretagogues was investigated. Stimulation of insulin release evoked by glucose, phospholipase C activation with carbachol, and protein kinase C activation with phorbol ester were obtained by SIN-1, whereas the response to adenylyl cyclase activation or K(+)-induced depolarization was not affected. It is concluded that enzymes involved in glucose catabolism, phospholipase C or protein kinase C, may be targeted by NO. Reversal of SIN-1 inhibition of glucose-stimulated insulin release by dithiothreitol suggests that NO may inhibit insulin secretion partly by S-nitrosylation of thiol residues in key proteins in the stimulus-secretion coupling. These adverse effects of NO on the beta-cell stimulus-secretion coupling may be of importance for the development of the impaired insulin secretion characterizing diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Association Study of Candidate Gene Uncoupling Protein 2 (UCP2) with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the Different Population Groups of Jammu Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-357
Author(s):  
Sunil Raina ◽  
Roopali Fotra
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Promoter Polymorphism ◽  
Uncoupling Protein 2 ◽  
Population Groups ◽  
Allelic Odds Ratio

Diabetes Mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycaemic resulting from the defects of insulin secretion, insulin action or both. The present study was conducted in order to know the molecular genetic cause of the T2DM patients belonging to the Jammu region of J&K State. Many genes have been known to be linked with the onset and progression of the T2DM therefore the present data represents the role of one of the genes Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) known to be strongly associated with T2DM was selected. A total of 250 confirmed cases & controls samples belonging to four population groups (Hindu, Muslim, Sikh & Christians) of Jammu region were also screened for UCP2 -866G/A promoter polymorphism (rs659366). The allelic odds ratio (OR) as observed for UCP2 -866G/A polymorphism in the four population groups showed significant association with Muslim & Sikh population groups. The study undertaken supports the findings of the previous investigations and thus is an addition to the existing literatute in support of UCP2 and T2DM.

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