MATERIAL DE APOIO NO FORMATO ONLINE PARA CONTRIBUIÇÃO À ACESSIBILIDADE DE PESSOAS COM DEFICIÊNCIA VISUAL

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wellington Ávila ◽  
Washington Ávila ◽  
Marcos Antonio Silva
Keyword(s):  
High Contrast ◽  
Dark Background

Introdução: O presente estudo teve como finalidade contribuir para a acessibilidade de pessoas cegas e com algum nível de função visual deficiente, no que tange o Ensino à Distância (EaD) no Brasil tendo como foco a sugestão da utilização de material de apoio aos estudos no formato online, visto que as instituições de ensino precisam envidar seus esforços na formação educacional EaD desse público. Objetivo: O objetivo da pesquisa é proporcionar para as instituições de ensino meios de apoio e opções para a inclusão dos deficientes visuais e cegos à modalidade de ensino EaD, visando potencializar o design instrucional para a Educação Especial com a oferta de materiais e ensino de qualidade. Material e métodos: Sugere-se a oferta dos materiais de apoio em websites que possuem acessibilidade web, ou seja, os que proporcionam a qualquer informação presente em texto como leitura falada por meio de um sintetizador de voz. A tecnologia assistiva mencionada precisa estar compatível com o Sistema Operacional e disponível para computadores, tablets e celulares, bem como a responsividade dos websites. Para os usuários cegos é sugerida a utilização de ferramentas como: NVDA, Orca, VoiceOver, TalkBack e DOSVOX. Já para os usuários com algum nível visual de deficiência, sugere-se: LentePro, Magnifixer, ZoomIt, High Contrast, Dark Background and Light Text, entre outros. Resultados: Espera-se que as instituições em meio à pandemia consigam adotar as tecnologias satisfatoriamente podendo atender grande parte dos estudantes cegos e deficientes visuais, bem como o aumentar a produtividade acadêmica e o nível de participação nas atividades. Conclusão: Por fim conclui-se que as instituições de ensino focaram nas tecnologias da educação a distância, mas é importante compreender as questões que motivam a discriminação e preconceitos por falta de um olhar mais crítico para um público que carece de inclusão social e agora acessibilidade virtual.

The importance of pattern in visual attraction of Tabanus nigrovittatus Macquart (Diptera: Tabanidae)

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 2273-2278 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Allan ◽  
J. G. Stoffolano Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cues ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
High Contrast ◽  
Dark Background ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Host Seeking ◽  
In Series ◽  
Visual Attraction ◽  
Fine Pattern ◽  
Tabanus Nigrovittatus

Host-seeking female Tabanus nigrovittatus Macquart primarily use visual cues to locate hosts and host mimics. The importance of various attributes of patterns to this behavior was examined in the field using black and white two-dimensional panels. Panels with a square, circle, or star of equal size were equally attractive as were panels with stars with increasingly complex edges. In a series of panels with black circles of increasing size, attraction increased as the size of the circles increased. High contour density was not important in series of panels with increasing size and decreasing number of patterns (squares or circles), and large patterns with simple edges were most attractive. Both light objects against a dark background and dark objects against a light background were highly attractive. The response of flies to objects with stripes indicated that stripes decreased attraction, possibly as a result of shape disruption. These results indicate that solid, compact, large objects with high contrast against the background were the most attractive to host-seeking flies and that fine pattern detail was not important.

Style

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cigdem Issever ◽  
Ken Peach
Keyword(s):  
Working Group ◽  
Moving Objects ◽  
Group Meeting ◽  
High Contrast ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Dark Background ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Conscious Decision ◽  
Colour Theory ◽  
Working Group Meeting

The style of the talk should be chosen such that it supports the message, the occasion and your personality. The guiding rule should always be that the chosen style should not make the slides hard to read or distract the attention of the audience from the message. For example having an animation on the slide which runs all the time will most certainly catch the eye of the audience, because our eyes are programmed to look at moving objects. But this will make it impossible for the listener to follow your discussion on the rest of your slide while this animation is running. You can have different styles for different occasions. Figure 5.1 shows an example of a slide style for a working group meeting and in Fig. 5.2 for an invited seminar talk on the same topic. Style features which are important are the font style, the slide background and border, colours, plots, tables, pictures and animation. We will cover each of these in the sections below. The choice of the font should be a conscious decision and should not be just guided by your aesthetic feelings or the system default. There are several choices to be made under the font banner, and all are important. • Style: Serif or Sans Serif, • Appearance: normal, bold, italic, underlined or combined, • Size: small (8 pt), medium (12 pt), large (16 pt), huge (20 pt), vast (24 pt), • Colour: foreground (text) and background. Colour theory is quite complex, and beyond the scope of this book. However, a few simple ideas should help avoid most problems. The colour of the font and the colour of the background need to be considered together; it is better to choose colours that are readily distinguishable, with high contrast. A yellow (black) text on a white (dark) background is nearly invisible. Remember that your presentation may be printed on a black and white printer and colour-coded information may be lost if there is low contrast, and that between 5% and 8% of males and less than 1% of females are colour blind.

Resistance Monitor and Control for Vacuum Evaporation of Metals and Carbon

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 572-573
Author(s):  
Russell L. Steere ◽  
Eric F. Erbe ◽  
J. Michael Moseley
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Device ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
High Contrast ◽  
Variable Resistor ◽  
Quality Of Results ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Evaporation Source ◽  
And Control ◽  
At Will

We have designed and built an electronic device which compares the resistance of a defined area of vacuum evaporated material with a variable resistor. When the two resistances are matched, the device automatically disconnects the primary side of the substrate transformer and stops further evaporation.This approach to controlled evaporation in conjunction with the modified guns and evaporation source permits reliably reproducible multiple Pt shadow films from a single Pt wrapped carbon point source. The reproducibility from consecutive C point sources is also reliable. Furthermore, the device we have developed permits us to select a predetermined resistance so that low contrast high-resolution shadows, heavy high contrast shadows, or any grade in between can be selected at will. The reproducibility and quality of results are demonstrated in Figures 1-4 which represent evaporations at various settings of the variable resistor.

Confocal laser microscopy of impregnated central nervous system tissue

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 94-95
Author(s):  
J.N. Turner ◽  
M. Siemens ◽  
D. Szarowski ◽  
D.N. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
High Contrast ◽  
Central Nervous System Tissue ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Reflected Light

A classic preparation of central nervous system tissue (CNS) is the Golgi procedure popularized by Cajal. The method is partially specific as only a few cells are impregnated with silver chromate usualy after osmium post fixation. Samples are observable by light (LM) or electron microscopy (EM). However, the impregnation is often so dense that structures are masked in EM, and the osmium background may be undesirable in LM. Gold toning is used for a subtle but high contrast EM preparation, and osmium can be omitted for LM. We are investigating these preparations as part of a study to develop correlative LM and EM (particularly HVEM) methodologies in neurobiology. Confocal light microscopy is particularly useful as the impregnated cells have extensive three-dimensional structure in tissue samples from one to several hundred micrometers thick. Boyde has observed similar preparations in the tandem scanning reflected light microscope (TSRLM).

The CM120 Biotwin: a high-contrast objective lens, optimum cryo-vacuum and improved EDX performance

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 584-585
Author(s):  
Uwe Lücken ◽  
Michael Felsmann ◽  
Wim M. Busing ◽  
Frank de Jong
Keyword(s):  
Life Science ◽  
Focal Length ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
High Contrast ◽  
Contrast Imaging ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Forming Mechanism ◽  
Similar Image ◽  
High Contrast Imaging ◽  
Low Concentrations

A new microscope for the study of life science specimen has been developed. Special attention has been given to the problems of unstained samples, cryo-specimens and x-ray analysis at low concentrations.A new objective lens with a Cs of 6.2 mm and a focal length of 5.9 mm for high-contrast imaging has been developed. The contrast of a TWIN lens (f = 2.8 mm, Cs = 2 mm) and the BioTWTN are compared at the level of mean and SD of slow scan CCD images. Figure 1a shows 500 +/- 150 and Fig. 1b only 500 +/- 40 counts/pixel. The contrast-forming mechanism for amplitude contrast is dependent on the wavelength, the objective aperture and the focal length. For similar image conditions (same voltage, same objective aperture) the BioTWIN shows more than double the contrast of the TWIN lens. For phasecontrast specimens (like thin frozen-hydrated films) the contrast at Scherzer focus is approximately proportional to the √ Cs.

Performance and applications of the holography electron microscope

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 1078-1079
Author(s):  
Akira Tonomura
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Phase Measurement ◽  
Electron Holography ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
High Contrast ◽  
Magnetic Lens ◽  
High Brightness ◽  
Holographic Imaging ◽  
Dynamic Observation

Electron holography is a two-step imaging method. However, the ultimate performance of holographic imaging is mainly determined by the brightness of the electron beam used in the hologram-formation process. In our 350kV holography electron microscope (see Fig. 1), the decrease in the inherently high brightness of field-emitted electrons is minimized by superposing a magnetic lens in the gun, for a resulting value of 2 × 109 A/cm2 sr. This high brightness has lead to the following distinguished features. The minimum spacing (d) of carrier fringes is d = 0.09 Å, thus allowing a reconstructed image with a resolution, at least in principle, as high as 3d=0.3 Å. The precision in phase measurement can be as high as 2π/100, since the position of fringes can be known precisely from a high-contrast hologram formed under highly collimated illumination. Dynamic observation becomes possible because the current density is high.

Compositional Analysis of III-V Interface Lattice Images

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 318-319
Author(s):  
A. Olsen ◽  
J.C.H. Spence ◽  
P. Petroff
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Image Matching ◽  
Compositional Analysis ◽  
Depth Of Field ◽  
Limit Set ◽  
High Contrast ◽  
Resolution Limit ◽  
Fourier Image ◽  
Lattice Images ◽  
True Structure

Since the point resolution of the JEOL 200CX electron microscope is up = 2.6Å it is not possible to obtain a true structure image of any of the III-V or elemental semiconductors with this machine. Since the information resolution limit set by electronic instability (1) u0 = (2/πλΔ)½ = 1.4Å for Δ = 50Å, it is however possible to obtain, by choice of focus and thickness, clear lattice images both resembling (see figure 2(b)), and not resembling, the true crystal structure (see (2) for an example of a Fourier image which is structurally incorrect). The crucial difficulty in using the information between Up and u0 is the fractional accuracy with which Af and Cs must be determined, and these accuracies Δff/4Δf = (2λu2Δf)-1 and ΔCS/CS = (λ3u4Cs)-1 (for a π/4 phase change, Δff the Fourier image period) are strongly dependent on spatial frequency u. Note that ΔCs(up)/Cs ≈ 10%, independent of CS and λ. Note also that the number n of identical high contrast spurious Fourier images within the depth of field Δz = (αu)-1 (α beam divergence) decreases with increasing high voltage, since n = 2Δz/Δff = θ/α = λu/α (θ the scattering angle). Thus image matching becomes easier in semiconductors at higher voltage because there are fewer high contrast identical images in any focal series.

Anomalous transmission of high contrast relativistically intense short pulses through thin metal foils

2006 ◽  
Vol 133 ◽  
pp. 511-514
Author(s):  
T. Matsuoka ◽  
A. Maksimchuk ◽  
T. Lin ◽  
O. V. Batishchev ◽  
A. A. Batishcheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Metal ◽  
High Contrast ◽  
Short Pulses ◽  
Metal Foils ◽  
Anomalous Transmission
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