scholarly journals Type 2 Diabetes control and Complications and it Relation to the Serum Magnesium Level

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Alswat
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Magnesium Level ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Serum Magnesium Level ◽  
Glargine Insulin ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wide Range

IntroductionType 2 Diabetes (T2D) is a growing health problem nationally and worldwide. Magnesium (Mg) is an important mineral for a wide range of metabolic reactions. Here, our primary goal was to determine the prevalence of hypomagnesemia and its relationship to glycemic control, cardiovascular markers, and T2D-related complications.Material and methodsA cross-sectional study from September 2015 to March 2017 including patients with T2D who attended the Diabetes Center, Taif, Saudi Arabia. Those with known hypomagnesemia, type 1 diabetes, gestational diabetes, end-stage renal disease, and those on magnesium supplementations were excluded. Those with a serum magnesium level < 0.7 mmol/L were considered to have hypomagnesemia.ResultsA total of 285 patients with a mean age of 59.4 ± 12.7 years were enrolled. The majority of patients were female, with long-standing T2D, with a mean body mass index in the obesity category, and most of them had comorbid conditions. Twenty-eight percent of the screened T2D patients had hypomagnesemia and this group were more likely to have a bachelor degree (P = 0.034), to be on metformin, statin, and Glargine insulin (all P < 0.05), have worse glycemic control (P < 0.05), and a higher pulse rate (P = 0.039), but were less likely to be on diet control (P = 0.034) when compared to those with a normal Mg level.ConclusionsAlmost one-third of the screened T2D patients have hypomagnesemia. Hypomagnesemia was associated with the treatment modalities, worse glycemic control, and with peripheral artery disease.

scholarly journals Hypomagnesemia and Poor Glycemic Control Among Palestinian Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohmmad Hamarshih ◽  
Suha Hamshari ◽  
Zaher Nazzal ◽  
Farha Abu Snobar ◽  
Rawa Mletat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Magnesium Level ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: Hypomagnesemia has been shown to have a significant impact on both glycemic control and diabetes complications in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients. This study aims to assess the prevalence of hypomagnesemia in T2DM patients and find the association between serum magnesium levels and outcomes relevant to glycemic control and diabetic complications.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted and included 373 patients (222 males and 151 females). Serum magnesium levels were measured by the Colorimetric Endpoint Method using the Cobas C501system. Hypomagnesemia was determined to be a serum magnesium level <1.6 mg/dL. In addition, the following data were also obtained; patients' characteristics, anthropometric measurements, smoking status, HbA1c, co-morbidities, and therapeutic management. Results: Patients' mean age was 56.2 ±10.8 years, 24.6% were smokers, and most were overweight or obese. About 60% have a history of hypertension, and the majority have had diabetes for more than ten years. Their mean HbA1c level was 8.5±2. The prevalence of hypomagnesemia was 11% (95% CI: 8%-14.6%). It was found to be significantly higher among females (adjusted OR: 2.7, 95%CI: 1.2%-5.8%), patients with HbA1c ≥ 8% (adjusted OR: 2.4, 95%CI: 1.1%-5.5%), and patients with a history of diabetic retinopathy (adjusted OR: 2.7, 95%CI: 1.1%-7.1%). Conclusions: the study showed that hypomagnesemia is more prevalent in females and is associated with diabetic retinopathy and poor glycemic control. Having a sufficient magnesium level may be associated with better glycemic control and a reduced occurrence of complications.

scholarly journals Study of serum magnesium level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and it’s correlation with glycosylated hemoglobin and diabetic complications

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Wahid ◽  
Girish C. Verma ◽  
C. P. Meena ◽  
A. R. Pathan
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Diabetic Complications ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Magnesium Level ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Serum Magnesium Level ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Hypomagnesemia has been proposed as a novel factor implicated in the pathogenesis of poor glycemic control and diabetic complications. Aim of the present study is to study serum magnesium level in patients with type 2 DM and to find the correlation between serum magnesium levels, HbA1c and diabetic complications.Methods: 100 patients with Type 2 DM (50 males and 50 females) who were diagnosed on the basis of ADA criteria or taking treatment for Diabetes were included in the study. All patients underwent tests for serum magnesium level, fasting blood sugar, postprandial blood sugar, HbA1c and also target organ evaluation for Diabetes. A detailed history and examination was also done.Results: There was significant difference in the prevalence of hypomagnesemia (34% vs 6%) and serum magnesium levels (1.59±0.187 versus 1.78±0.126, p <0.0001) between diabetics and control group. FBS (172.17±30.55 versus 137.06±37.76, p<0.0001), PPBS (243±61.21 versus 195.84±59.1, p = 0.0003) and HbA1C (8.42±1.292 versus 7.04±0.956, p<0.0001) were significantly higher in hypomagnesemic diabetics as compared to normomagnesemic diabetics. Significant proportion of hypomagnesemic diabetics were suffering from retinopathy as compared to normomagnesemic diabetics (47.06% versus 19.70%, p = 0.0042). Diabetic nephropathy, neuropathy, hypertension and IHD were also higher in hypomagnesemic diabetics as compared to normomagnesemic diabetics, but insignificant.Conclusions: Prevalence of hypomagnesemia in Type 2 diabetics was 34%. Diabetics with hypomagnesemia had poor glycemic control. Hypomagnesemia was significantly associated with diabetic retinopathy.  

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