scholarly journals Delineating the Molecular Mechanism behind Regulation of Spermatogenesis by Selenium: Involvement of Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase; JNK

2009 ◽  
pp. 226-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavitra Ranawat ◽  
M.P. Bansal
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein

scholarly journals Caffeic Acid, an Allelochemical in Artemisia argyi, Inhibits Weed Growth via Suppression of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathway and the Biosynthesis of Gibberellin and Phytoalexin

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Chen ◽  
Jinxin Li ◽  
Yunyun Zhu ◽  
Lujuan Guo ◽  
Rongsheng Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Artemisia Argyi ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein

Artemisia argyi is widely distributed in Asia, and it often becomes the dominant population in the field because of its strong ecological niche competitiveness. Allelochemicals secreted by plants are generally considered an important reason for their dominance in ecological competition. In this study, the allelochemicals in A. argyi were screened by a series of experiments and their mechanisms were explored via transcriptomics. First, the inhibitory effects of A. argyi on Echinochloa crusgalli, Setaria viridis, Portulaca oleracea and Amaranthus retroflexus were evaluated. Then, we carried out a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the chemical composition of the aqueous extract of A. argyi to screen for potential allelochemicals that can inhibit weed growth. Four potential allelochemicals were quantified: neochlorogenic acid (5-CQA), chlorogenic acid (3-CQA), cryptochlorogenic acid (4-CQA), and caffeic acid (CA). Coincidentally, their allelopathic effects on weeds seemed to be identical to their content, in the order CA>4−CQA>5−CQA>3-CQA. These findings suggested that CA might be the main allelopathic compound in the aqueous extract of A. argyi. Subsequently, the allelopathic effect and molecular mechanism of CA on S. viridis leaves were investigated. The physiological results showed that CA significantly induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, led to malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation, and disrupted enzyme activities (POD, SOD, CAT) in S. viridis leaves. Moreover, transcriptome results revealed that CA inhibited S. viridis growth by downregulating multiple genes involved in gibberellin (GA) and phytoalexin biosynthesis and Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. In addition, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to the biosynthesis and signaling pathways of phytohormones were verified by Quantitative Real-Time PCR (RT-qPCR). Taken together, this study may be the first to identify allelochemicals and explore their molecular mechanism about A. argyi. Importantly, the ecological advantages of A. argyi could be applied to ecological regulation and the development of botanical herbicides.

scholarly journals Analysis of putative sclerotia maturation-related gene expression in Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 647-653
Author(s):  
Bo Liu ◽  
Zhoujie Ma ◽  
Xiaotong Gai ◽  
Yanqiu Sun ◽  
Yanfeng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Protein Subunit ◽  
Grass Roots ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Sclerotial Development

Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA (R. solani AG1-IA) is a major soil-borne fungal pathogen of maize that causes significant yield losses in all maize-growing regions worldwide. The sclerotium produced by R. solani AG1-IA can overwinter in grass roots or diseased plants and infect crops the following year. The molecular mechanism underlying sclerotium formation in R. solani is poorly understood. In this study, we constructed the cDNA library of the R. solani AG1-IA pathogenic strain WF-9, from which 329 high-quality expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were obtained. Of the 250 clustered unigenes, 12 genes were selected for further expression analysis during the three stages of sclerotial growth (mycelium, initiation of sclerotium, and maturation of sclerotium). The results of expression analysis support the previously suggested roles of chitin synthase D and exo-beta-1,3-glucanase in facilitating sclerotial growth through preservation of water content and energy. In addition, cytochrome P450, NADPH oxidase, catalase (CAT), acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (ACOX1), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), mitogen-activated protein kinase HOG1 (HOG 1), and the G-protein ? subunit play important roles in balancing reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels during sclerotial development. The findings of this study can help understand the molecular mechanism of sclerotial development further.

scholarly journals RBM4a-SRSF3-MAP4K4 Splicing Cascade Constitutes a Molecular Mechanism for Regulating Brown Adipogenesis

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 2646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Yu Peng ◽  
Yu-Chih Liang ◽  
Tse-Hua Tan ◽  
Huai-Chia Chuang ◽  
Ying-Ju Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Binding Motif ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Alternatively Spliced ◽  
Brown Adipogenesis

An increase in mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 4 (MAP4K4) reportedly attenuates insulin-mediated signaling which participates in the development of brown adipose tissues (BATs). Nevertheless, the effect of MAP4K4 on brown adipogenesis remains largely uncharacterized. In this study, results of a transcriptome analysis (also referred as RNA-sequencing) showed differential expressions of MAP4K4 or SRSF3 transcripts isolated from distinct stages of embryonic BATs. The discriminative splicing profiles of MAP4K4 or SRSF3 were noted as well in brown adipocytes (BAs) with RNA-binding motif protein 4-knockout (RBM4−/−) compared to the wild-type counterparts. Moreover, the relatively high expressions of authentic SRSF3 transcripts encoding the splicing factor functioned as a novel regulator toward MAP4K4 splicing during brown adipogenesis. The presence of alternatively spliced MAP4K4 variants exerted differential effects on the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK) which was correlated with the differentiation or metabolic signature of BAs. Collectively, the RBM4-SRSF3-MAP4K4 splicing cascade constitutes a novel molecular mechanism in manipulating the development of BAs through related signaling pathways.

Age-Related Changes in Activation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cascades by Oxidative Stress

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Z Guyton ◽  
Myriani Gorospe ◽  
Xiantao Wang ◽  
Yolanda D Mock ◽  
Gertrude C Kokkonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Age Related Changes
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